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Wastewater treatment for pollution control and reuse
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
New York, N.Y. :
McGraw-Hill Education LLC.,
c2007.
|
| Edición: | 3rd ed. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- A. Preface to the third edition
- B. Preface to the first edition
- 1. Ecosystem approach to pollution control
- Interaction of wastewater with the ecosystem
- Wastewater characteristics
- Wastewater management in india
- Some issues concerning wastewater disposal to the environment
- Environmental impact assessment
- Strategies for control of pollution
- References
- 2. Planning for wastewater collection and treatment
- Initial planning
- Newer approaches in wastewater collection system design
- Provision of sanitation in unsewered slums and shanty-towns
- Some wastewater treatment methods and their characteristics
- Factors in choice of waste treatment methods
- References
- 3. Principles of aerobic bio-reactor design
- Reaction order
- Flow patterns of reactors
- Ideal plug flow
- Ideal completely?mixed flow
- Dispersed flow
- The dispersion number, d/ul, and its estimation
- Multiple cells with series or parallel arrangements
- Effect of shock loads
- Estimation of wastewater temperature in large reactors
- Guidelines for choice of reactors
- References
- 4. Principles of aerobic biological treatment
- Microbial growth rates
- Treatment kinetics
- Handling of solids
- Sludge age and hydraulic retention time
- Food/micro-organism ratio
- Build-up of solids in the system
- Substrate removal efficiency
- Temperature effects
- Estimation of final effluent bod
- Oxygen requirements
- Nutrient requirements
- Phosphorus removal
- Nitrogen removal
- Choice of sludge age
- References
- 5. Principles of aeration
- Theory of aeration
- Factors affecting oxygen transfer
- Oxygenation and mixing requirements
- Types of aerators
- Use of renewable sources of energy
- References
- 6. Some aerobic biological treatment methods
- Suspended and attached growth systems
- Activated sludge
- Extended aeration
- Nitrification?denitrification systems
- Phosphorus precipitation
- Sequencing batch reactors
- Contact stabilization process
- Package plants
- Trickling filters
- Submerged media beds
- Rotating bio-disc systems
- References
- 7. The "uasb" and other anaerobic processes
- Background in india
- Typical arrangements
- Approach to design
- Useful parameters for design
- Sulphates and sulphides
- Gas production and cod balance
- Gas recovery
- Nutrients
- Toxicity
- Plant commissioning and operation
- Post-treatment requirements
- Some pros and cons in the use of uasb
- Other types of anaerobic units
- A possible new system
- References
- 8. Mechanically aerated lagoons
- Types of aerated lagoons
- Design of facultative aerated lagoons
- Design of aerobic flow-through type lagoons
- Design of dual-powered aerated lagoons
- Design of aerobic lagoons with recycling of solids (extended aeration lagoons)
- Optimization of lagoon and pond combinations
- Combinations of different processes
- A possible new system: a deep lagoon with small solar-powered aerators
- Construction features
- References.
- 9. Natural systems ? 1 classical algal ponds for treatment and resource recovery
- Types of ponds
- Typical flow-sheets
- Factors affecting pond ecosystems
- Algal growth dynamics
- Oxygen production in a pond
- Substrate removal rate in ponds
- Choice of flow pattern and pond detention time
- Pond depth
- Anaerobic activity in ponds
- Sulphide production in ponds
- Micro-organism removal in ponds
- Micro-organism reduction prior to reuse in irrigation
- Sludge accumulation
- Phosphorus removal in ponds
- Nitrogen removal in ponds
- Example of a pond design
- Pre-treatment in anaerobic units
- Ponds for animal wastes
- 'Complete' waste treatment
- Resource recovery based ponds
- Fish ponds after algal ponds
- Advanced integrated pond system
- Pond-enhanced treatment and operation (petro) system
- Construction, operation and maintenance of ponds
- References
- 10. Natural systems ? 2 hyacinth and duckweed ponds, fish ponds, natural and constructed wetlands, and vermiculture
- Hyacinth ponds
- Duckweed ponds
- Sewage-fed fish ponds
- Natural wetlands
- Constructed wetlands (reed beds)
- Vermiculture, earthworm technology
- References
- 11. Natural systems ? 3 wastewater irrigation
- Wastewater irrigation
- Aspects in planning an irrigation system
- The irrigation system and its layout
- Soil-crop-water system design and sustainability
- Operational and monitoring aspects
- Price charged to farmers for use of treated wastewaters
- Design of a municipal wastewater irrigation system
- Design of an industrial wastewater irrigation scheme
- References
- 12. Some physico-chemical methods and membrane technologies
- Removal of oil and grease
- Removal of fines using flotation technology
- Multimedia filtration
- Lime-soda and zeolite softening
- Ion exchange for removal of trace ionic pollutants
- Activated carbon adsorption systems
- Advanced oxidation processes
- Disinfection
- Membrane processes
- Combined biological and physico-chemical methods
- The "caaco" process
- References
- 13. Solids settling and sludge management
- Solids removal by screening
- Grit removal
- Primary sedimentation
- Chemically-aided sedimentation
- Secondary or final settling tanks
- Sludge thickeners
- Anaerobic digestion
- Aerobic digestion
- Sludge dewatering
- Design of sludge drying beds
- Rational method of estimating drying time
- Sludge lagoons
- Use of evaporation/evapotranspiration ponds
- Mechanized methods of sludge dewatering
- Sludge disposal
- References
- 14. Water conservation and reuse in industry and agriculture
- Types of reuse
- Reuses of urban wastewater in agriculture and horticulture from sewered areas
- Reuse of urban wastewater from polluted "nallahs" draining unsewered areas
- Reuse in industry and commerce to meet water shortages
- Reuse in commercial buildings using on-site sources of wastewater
- Reuse in large industries using off-site sources of wastewater
- Reuse in industries to meet various objectives in addition to water shortages
- Conclusion
- References.
- 15. Wastewater reuse to augment public water supplies
- Reuse of treated wastewaters for augmenting public water supplies
- Supply of reclaimed water through a dual distribution system
- Supply of reclaimed water using membrane bio-reactors
- Groundwater recharge for reuse
- Reuse of wastewater to raise aquifer levels
- Reuse of wastewater to prevent sea water intrusion in coastal areas
- Use of reclaimed wastewater for recreational purposes
- Reuse of wastewater for supplementing evaporation losses from non-potable lakes in india
- Reuse of wastewater for supplementing potable water lakes
- Direct reuse of reclaimed water in south africa
- The indian situation of unwitting direct reuse
- Indirect reuse of reclaimed water for potable purposes
- Need for environmental impact assessment and follow-up monitoring
- References
- 16. Guidelines for planning and designing treatment plants and cetps
- Various considerations in site and process selection
- Overall planning for a plant
- The treatment system
- Other important requirements of plant design
- Commissioning and operation of plants
- Cost considerations and funding of projects
- Special requirements of common effluent treatment plants (cetps)
- References
- 17. The many facets of sustainable waste management
- Improving sustainability at the industry level
- Improving sustainability at the community level ? References.