Governance of the world's mineral resources : beyond the foreseeable future /

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Henckens, Theo (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Cambridge, MA : Elsevier, [2021]
Temas:
Mining law.
Mines and mineral resources.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Front Cover
  • GOVERNANCE OF THE WORLD'S MINERAL RESOURCES
  • GOVERNANCE OF THE WORLD'S MINERAL RESOURCES
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Preface
  • 1
  • Introduction
  • References
  • 2
  • The availability of mineral resources1
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Availability of a resource in relation to the crustal abundance of an element
  • 2.3 Estimation of total global deposits by extrapolation of US data
  • 2.4 The tectonic diffusion model
  • 2.5 Deeper mining
  • 2.6 Resources in seawater
  • 2.7 Resources on the sea floor
  • 2.8 Extraterrestrial resources
  • 2.9 Conclusion
  • References
  • 3
  • Limits to the extractability of mineral resources1
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Mineral resource exhaustion
  • 3.2.1 Scarcity
  • 3.2.2 Two scenarios
  • 3.2.3 Estimated exhaustion periods
  • 3.3 Peak minerals
  • 3.3.1 Peak oil
  • 3.3.2 Peak approach for non-fossil mineral resources
  • 3.4 Energy use as a limiting factor for the extractability of mineral resources
  • 3.5 Environmental impact as a limiting factor
  • 3.6 Carriers and companions
  • 3.7 Conclusions
  • References
  • 4
  • Critical raw materials
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Different approaches
  • 4.3 Supply risk and vulnerability indicators
  • 4.3.1 Supply risk indicators
  • 4.3.2 Vulnerability indicators
  • 4.4 Criticality lists
  • References
  • 5
  • Mineral resources ethics1
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Different ethical views
  • 5.2.1 Pessimists versus optimists
  • 5.2.2 Different sustainability paradigms
  • 5.3 Applicable normative principles
  • 5.3.1 International agreements on natural resources
  • 5.3.2 Inventory of normative principles in existing agreements and their relevance for mineral resources depletion
  • 5.3.3 The Principle of Conservation and/or Sustainable Use of Resources
  • 5.3.4 The precautionary principle
  • 5.3.5 The Intergenerational Equity Principle
  • 5.4 Sustainability goals
  • 5.4.1 The time horizon
  • 5.4.2 Affordability
  • 5.4.3 Intragenerational equity
  • 5.4.4 World population
  • 5.5 The sustainable extraction rate of mineral resources
  • bksec2_12
  • Notes
  • References
  • 6
  • The price mechanism1
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Mineral resources prices and geological scarcity
  • 6.3 Price trends and geological scarcity
  • 6.4 Mineral resource prices and scarcity
  • 6.5 Conclusions
  • References
  • 6 . Annex to Chapter 6
  • Real price development of commodities
  • 7
  • Thirteen scarce resources analyzed
  • 7.1
  • Introduction
  • 7.1.1 Recovery efficiency improvement
  • 7.1.2 Substitution
  • 7.1.3 Material efficiency improvement
  • 7.1.4 Reduction of in-use dissipation
  • 7.1.5 Decrease in downcycling
  • 7.1.6 Increase in recycling
  • 7.1.7 In-use stock
  • 7.1.8 Discussion
  • References
  • 7.2
  • Antimony1
  • 7.2.1 Introduction
  • 7.2.2 Properties and applications
  • 7.2.2.1 Nonmetallurgical applications
  • 7.2.2.1.1 Antimony in flame-retardants
  • 7.2.2.1.2 Antimony as PET catalyst

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