Rubber reinforcement with particulate fillers /

In the rubber industry, one of the most widely practiced processes is the reinforcement of rubber by particulate fillers, especially carbon black and silica. This process is of such importance that more than 99% of rubber products contain fillers, and the research and development of fillers have bec...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autores principales: Wang, Meng-Jiao, 1940- (Autor), Morris, Michael (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Concinnati : China : Hanser ; Chemical Industry Press Co. Ltd., [2021]
Temas:
Rubber > Reinforcement.
Fillers (Materials)
Caoutchouc > Renforcement.
Produits de remplissage.
fill (filling material)
weft.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Intro
  • Preface
  • About the Authors
  • Contents
  • 1 Manufacture of Fillers
  • 1.1 Manufacture of Carbon Black
  • 1.1.1 Mechanisms of Carbon Black Formation
  • 1.1.2 Manufacturing Process of Carbon Black
  • 1.1.2.1 Oil-Furnace Process
  • 1.1.2.2 The Thermal Black Process
  • 1.1.2.3 Acetylene Black Process
  • 1.1.2.4 Lampblack Process
  • 1.1.2.5 Impingement (Channel, Roller) Black Process
  • 1.1.2.6 Recycle Blacks
  • 1.1.2.7 Surface Modification of Carbon Blacks
  • 1.1.2.7.1 Attachments of the Aromatic Ring Nucleus to Carbon Black
  • 1.1.2.7.2 Attachments to the Aromatic Ring Structure through Oxidized Groups
  • 1.1.2.7.3 Metal Oxide Treatment
  • 1.2 Manufacture of Silica
  • 1.2.1 Mechanisms of Precipitated Silica Formation
  • 1.2.2 Manufacturing Process of Precipitated Silica
  • 1.2.3 Mechanisms of Fumed Silica Formation
  • 1.2.4 Manufacture Process of Fumed Silica
  • References
  • 2 Characterization of Fillers
  • 2.1 Chemical Composition
  • 2.1.1 Carbon Black
  • 2.1.2 Silica
  • 2.2 Micro-Structure of Fillers
  • 2.2.1 Carbon Black
  • 2.2.2 Silica
  • 2.3 Filler Morphologies
  • 2.3.1 Primary Particles
  • Surface Area
  • 2.3.1.1 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
  • 2.3.1.2 Gas Phase Adsorptions
  • 2.3.1.2.1 Total Surface Area Measured by Nitrogen Adsorption
  • BET/NSA
  • 2.3.1.2.2 External Surface Area Measured by Nitrogen Adsorption  STSA
  • 2.3.1.2.3 Micro-Pore Size Distribution Measured by Nitrogen Adsorption
  • 2.3.1.3 Liquid Phase Adsorptions
  • 2.3.1.3.1 Iodine Adsorptions
  • 2.3.1.3.2 Adsorption of Large Molecules
  • 2.3.2 Structure
  • Aggregate Size and Shape
  • 2.3.2.1 Transmission Electron Microscopy
  • 2.3.2.2 Disc Centrifuge Photosedimentometer
  • 2.3.2.3 Void Volume Measurement
  • 2.3.2.3.1 Oil Absorption
  • 2.3.2.3.2 Compressed Volume
  • 2.3.2.3.2.1 Relation between Compressibility and Pressure
  • 2.3.2.3.2.2 Mechanism of Compression
  • 2.3.2.3.3 Mercury Porosimetry
  • 2.3.3 Tinting Strength
  • 2.4 Filler Surface Characteristics
  • 2.4.1 Characterization of Surface Chemistry of Filler-Surface Groups
  • 2.4.2 Characterization of Physical Chemistry of Filler Surface-Surface Energy
  • 2.4.2.1 Contact Angle
  • 2.4.2.1.1 Single Liquid Phase
  • 2.4.2.1.2 Dual Liquid Phases
  • 2.4.2.2 Heat of Immersion
  • 2.4.2.3 Inverse Gas Chromatograph
  • 2.4.2.3.1 Principle of Measuring Filler Surface Energy with IGC
  • 2.4.2.3.2 Adsorption at Infinite Dilution
  • 2.4.2.3.3 Adsorption at Finite Concentration
  • 2.4.2.3.4 Surface Energy of the Fillers
  • 2.4.2.3.4.1 Dispersive Component of Filler Surface Energy
  • 2.4.2.3.4.2 Specific Component of Filler Surface Energy
  • 2.4.2.3.4.3 Sf Value
  • 2.4.2.3.4.4 Energy Heterogeneity of Filler Surfaces
  • 2.4.2.3.4.5 Surface Energy of Silane-Modified Silicas
  • 2.4.2.3.5 Estimation of Rubber-Filler Interaction from Adsorption Energy of Elastomer Analogs
  • 2.4.2.4 Bound Rubber Measurement
  • References

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