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The chemistry of non-sag tungsten /
Non-sag (NS) tungsten is a dispersion-strengthened microalloy with elemental potassium, which is contained as microscopic bubbles in the tungsten lattice. Under working conditions in an incandescent lamp the potassium is a gas under high pressure. These gas bubbles essentially prevent the recrystall...
| Cote: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autres auteurs: | |
| Format: | Électronique eBook |
| Langue: | Inglés |
| Publié: |
Kidlington, Oxford, England ; Tarrytown, N.Y., U.S.A. :
Pergamon,
1995.
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| Édition: | First edition. |
| Sujets: | |
| Accès en ligne: | Texto completo |
Table des matières:
- Front Cover; The Chemistry of Non-Sag Tungsten; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Dedication; Foreword; Chapter 1. Aspects of Effective Doping and the Incorporation of Dopant; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 BASIC MATERIALS SUITABLE FOR PRODUCING NS TUNGSTEN; 3 THE REDUCTION OF THE DOPED OXIDE TO METAL POWDER; 4 INTERMEDIATE AND END PRODUCTS IN THE INDUSTRIAL REDUCTION PROCESS; 5 THE EFFECT OF THE DOPANT FROM THE CHEMICAL POINT OF VIEW; 6 THE ROLE OF NITROGEN (NH3) IN THE PRODUCTION OF NS METAL FROM APT; 7 THE ROLE OF PHOSPHORUS (ASH3PO4) IN THE REDUCTION OF WO3 AND APT IN HYDROGEN.
- 5 PURIFICATION STEPS6 CONVERSION OF SODIUM TUNGSTATE TO AMMONIUM POLYTUNGSTATE; 7 AMMONIUM PARATUNGSTATE (APT)CRYSTALLIZATION; 8 AMMONIUM PARATUNGSTATE (APT); REFERENCES; Chapter 3. Effluent-Free Manufacture of Ammonium Paratungstate (APT) by Recycling the Byproducts; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 SPECIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF APT AND TUNGSTIC ACID; 3 ELECTRODIALYSISOFTHENa2W04 SOLUTION; 4 ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE ELECTRODIALYTIC RECOVERY OF NaOH; 5 KEY PARTS OF THE ELECTRODIALYZERS AND THEIR RELIABILITY.
- 6 COUPLING OF ELECTRODIALYTIC NaOH RECOVERY WITH SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND OTHER PROCESSES7 HYDROMETALLURGICAL PROCESSING OF TUNGSTEN SCRAP; 8 IMPLEMENTATION STAGES OF THE PROCESSES AND EQUIPMENT; 9 DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALS FOR THE APT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS; REFERENCES; Chapter 4. Crystallisation and Processing of Ammonium Paratungstate (APT); 1 CRYSTALLISATION OF AMMONIUM PARATUNGSTATE; 2 PROCESSING OF APT TO TUNGSTEN BLUE OXIDE; REFERENCES; Chapter 5. Chemistry of Tungsten Oxide Bronzes; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 GENERAL CHARACTERIZATION OF OBs; 3 PREPARATION METHODS FOR OBs.
- 4 STRUCTURAL DESCRIPTION OF TOB6 THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF TOBs; 7 ION EXCHANGE PROPERTIES OF TOB; 8 A(H)TOB-A DECOMPOSITION PRODUCT OF APT; 9 SURFACE CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF THE ATOB ON DOPING; 10 THE MORPHOLOGY OF TOB; REFERENCES; Chapter 6. The Crystal Chemistry of the Higher Tungsten Oxides; INTRODUCTION; TUNGSTEN TRIOXIDE AND THE TUNGSTATES; TUNGSTEN BRONZES WITH THE PEROVSKITE STRUCTURE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC SHEAR STRUCTURES; STRUCTURES CONTAINING PENTAGONAL BIPYRAMIDS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC SHEAR VERSUS PENTAGONAL BIPYRAMIDS; THE HEXAGONAL TUNGSTEN BRONZES AND RELATED STRUCTURES.