International copyright law and access to education in developing countries : exploring multilateral legal and quasi-legal solutions /

In International Copyright Law and Access to Education in Developing Countries: Exploring Multilateral Legal and Quasi-Legal Solutions, Susan Isiko Štrba demonstrates the challenge of access to printed copyrighted educational and research materials in developing countries and proposes institutional...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Strba, Susan Isiko
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Leiden ; Boston : M. Nijhoff Pub., 2012.
Colección:Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies 10.
Temas:
Copyright > Developing countries.
Copyright, International.
Educational law and legislation > Developing countries.
Educational assistance > Developing countries.
Droit d'auteur international.
LAW > Administrative Law & Regulatory Practice.
Copyright
Copyright, International
Educational assistance
Educational law and legislation
TRIPS Agreement (Marrakesh, 15 April 1994)
Developing countries.
Copyright law.
Education.
Intellectual property.
Developing countries
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Machine generated contents note: Definition of the Problem and Objectives
  • Structure of the Research
  • ch. 1 A Short Primer on Copyright
  • 1.1. Introduction
  • 1.2. What Are Intellectual Property Rights?
  • 1.3. Intellectual Property and Development in General
  • 1.4. Historical Development of Copyright Protection: A Brief Survey
  • 1.5. Development of Multilateral Protection of Copyright: Copyright Law Becomes a Means to Protect One Country's Works in Another Country
  • 1.6. Purpose of International Copyright Protection
  • 1.7. Rights Conferred by a Copyright
  • 1.7.1. Reproduction Right
  • 1.7.2. Translation Right
  • 1.7.3. Distribution Right
  • 1.8. Conclusions
  • ch. 2 Special Access Needs of Developing Countries and the Impact of Copyright on Access to Education
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2. Understanding the Pertinent Elements of Education
  • 2.2.1. Aims and Objectives of Education
  • 2.2.2. Essential Features of Education.
  • Note continued: 2.3. The Role of Copyright As an Access Barrier to Education in Developing Countries
  • 2.4. Understanding the Special Access Needs of Developing Countries
  • 2.5. Why Developing Countries Need Bulk Access to Printed Copyrighted Material
  • 2.6. Conclusion
  • ch. 3 The Effect of Limitations on and Specific Exceptions to Copyright on Access to Education in Developing Countries
  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. Limitations on Copyright Protection Do Not Promote Access to Educational Materials in Developing Countries
  • 3.2.1. Creativity or Originality Requirement
  • 3.2.2. Fixation Requirement
  • 3.2.3. Usefulness of Limitations on Copyright Protection for Access to Education in Developing Countries
  • 3.3. Limitations on Rights Conferred by a Copyright: General
  • 3.4. Specific Exceptions to the Rights of Reproduction and Translation Relating to Education
  • 3.4.1. Quotations
  • 3.4.1.1. Lawfully Made Available to the Public
  • 3.4.1.2.Compatible with Fair Practice.
  • Note continued: 3.4.1.3. Must Not Exceed That Justified by the Purpose
  • 3.4.2. Utilization of a Work by Way of Illustration in Teaching
  • 3.4.2.1. The Meaning of "Illustration in Teaching"
  • 3.4.2.2. Use Must Not Exceed the Extent Justified by the Purpose
  • 3.4.2.3.Compatible with Fair Practice
  • 3.4.3. Conclusions on Effect of Specific Exceptions and Limitations on Access to Education in Developing Countries
  • ch. 4 Impact of the Three-Step Test under the Berne Convention and the Trips Agreement on Access to Education in Developing Countries
  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. The Introduction of General Exception to Copyright in International Copyright Law
  • 4.2. National Limitations at the Time of the Stockholm Conference
  • 4.3. The Nature of the Three-Step Test
  • 4.3.1. The Three-Step Test under the Berne Convention Is Limited to the Reproduction Right While TRIPS Applies to all Rights.
  • Note continued: 4.3.2. TRIPS Does Not Restrict the Enjoyment of Rights Granted under the Berne Convention
  • 4.3.4. The Scope of Limitations and Exceptions under the Berne Convention are Considerably Narrow
  • 4.3.5. Article 13 of Trips Restricts the Use of Exceptions
  • 4.3.6. Of Authors and Right Holders: No Place for Social Interests Like Education in Trips
  • 4.3.7. Importance of Differences between Article 9(2) BC and Article 13 Trips
  • 4.4. The Meaning of the Three-Step Test and Its Implications for Access to Printed Copyrighted Material for Educational Purposes in Developing Countries
  • 4.4.1. Certain Special Cases
  • 4.4.1.1. Exceptions Must Be Narrow in Quantitative and Qualitative Sense
  • 4.4.1.2. Exceptions Are Not Justified by Reasons of Public Policy
  • 4.4.1.3. Certain Special Cases and Access to Education in Developing Countries
  • 4.4.2."Does Not Conflict with a Normal Exploitation of the Work."
  • Note continued: 4.4.2.1. Conflict with Normal Exploitation and Access to Educational Materials in Developing Countries
  • 4.4.3."And That Do Not Unreasonably Prejudice the Legitimate Interests of the Author/Right Holder"
  • 4.4.3.1. Legitimate Interests for Patents Are Different Than Those for Copyright
  • 4.5. Exceptions to the Right of Translation
  • 4.6. The Usefulness of the Three-Step Test for Access to Educational Materials in Developing Countries
  • ch. 5 Special Legal Regimes for Access to Education in Developing Countries
  • 5.1. Introduction
  • 5.2. The Stockholm Protocol: A Sign of Lack of Interest in Access Problems of Developing Countries
  • 5.2.1. Background
  • 5.2.2. History of the Preparatory Work and Studies
  • 5.2.3. Substantive and Procedural Provisions of the Protocol
  • 5.2.4. Evaluation of the Protocol
  • 5.3.A Special Legal Regime for Developing Countries: The Berne Appendix.
  • Note continued: 5.3.1. The Link between the Stockholm Protocol and the Appendix to the Berne Convention
  • 5.3.2. Substantive Provisions of the Appendix
  • 5.3.3. Procedural Requirements of the Appendix
  • 5.3.3.1. Waiting Period for Translation License
  • 5.3.3.2. Waiting Period for Reproduction License
  • 5.3.3.3. Requirements Applying to both Translation and Reproduction Licence
  • 5.3.4. Assessment of the Berne Appendix
  • 5.3.5. The Practical Consequences of the Appendix
  • 5.4. Practice on Compulsory Licensing for Translation and Reproduction (Berne Appendix)
  • 5.5. Conclusions on Special Legal Regimes for Access to Protected Works
  • ch. 6 Models of Practice Relating to Limitations and Exceptions to Copyright for Educational Purposes
  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Factual Acceptance of Fair Use and Fair Dealing by Developing Countries
  • 6.3. United States: Fair Use under Section 107 of the US Copyright Act of 1976 and before the U.S. Courts.
  • Note continued: 6.3.1. The Role of Industry in Defining Copying for Classroom Use: Clarifying the Purpose of the Agreement on Guidelines for Classroom Copying in Not-for-Profit Educational Institutions with Respect to Books and Periodicals
  • 6.3.2. Judicial Practice on Fair Use and Access to Printed Educational Material
  • 6.3.2.1. Purpose and Character of the Use, Including Whether Such Use Is of a Commercial Nature or Is for Non-Profit Educational Purposes
  • 6.2.1.2. Amount and Substantiality of the Portion Used
  • 6.3.2.3. Effect of the Use upon the Potential Market or Value of the Copyrighted Work
  • 6.3.3.Compatibility of Fair Use Doctrine with the Three-Step Test: The Market Effect Test
  • 6.3.4. The Relationship between Market Effect, Parody and the Three-Step Test
  • 6.3.5. Application of Fair Use to Developing Countries: The Case of Africa
  • 6.3.5.1.A Case for Fair Use in Developing Countries.
  • Note continued: 6.4. Fair Dealing for the Purpose of Research or Private Study: The Case of Canada
  • 6.4.1. The Court Lists Factors for Determining Fair Dealing: Towards International Harmonization of the Fairness Principle
  • 6.4.2. The Court Restates the Purpose of Copyright: Towards a Balance between Interests of Copyright Owners and Users
  • 6.4.3. CCH Canadian and the Transformation of Exceptions: Court Defines Exceptions in Very Broad Terms
  • 6.4.4.A Rights Approach to Exceptions: Exceptions and User Rights
  • 6.4.5. Broad Definition of Exceptions Does Not Conflict with the Three-Step Test
  • 6.4.6. Lessons for Access to Education in Developing Countries
  • 6.5.A "Fairness" Model for Copyright and Access to Education in Developing Countries
  • 6.5.1. Developing Countries Can Devise Educational Exceptions through Purposeful Interpretation of Legislation: The Case of India
  • 6.6.Compulsory Licensing for Copyright in Printed Works beyond the Berne Appendix.
  • Note continued: 6.6.1.Compulsory Licensing (CL) for Reproduction of Printed Material: Lessons from Australia
  • 6.6.1.1.A Case for Quasi Compulsory Licensing System for Developing Countries
  • 6.6.2. Developing Countries Can Issue Compulsory Licences for Printed Copyrighted Material outside the System Provided by the Berne Appendix
  • 6.6.3."Compulsory Licences" in Place of Injunctions to Avoid Public Injury: Examples from the United States and India
  • 6.6.3.1. The Case of Abend v. MCA, Inc
  • 6.6.3.2. The Case of eBay v. MercExchange, L.L.C.
  • 6.3.3.3. India: Civic Chandran v. Ammini Amma
  • 6.6.3.4.Compulsory Licensing Instead of Injunctions under International Copyright Law
  • 6.7. Conclusions on Models of Practice
  • ch. 7 Institutional and Normative Solutions for Access to Copyrighted Material for Educational Purposes
  • 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.2. Solutions in the World Trade Organization for Access to Health: Lessons for Copyright and Access to Education.
  • Note continued: 7.2.1. Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health
  • 7.2.1.1. Challenges to the Use of Parallel Imports and Compulsory Licensing in South Africa and Brazil
  • 7.2.1.2. Major Provisions of the Declaration Relevant to Public Health
  • 7.2.1.4. Legal Status and Effect of the Declaration
  • 7.2.2. Legal Recognition of the Ineffectiveness of Flexibilities in Developing Countries: The Decision on Paragraph 6
  • 7.2.2.3. Evaluation of the Decision
  • 7.2.3. Amendment of the TRIPS Agreement
  • 7.2.4. Extension of the Transition Period for LDCs
  • 7.2.5. Lessons from the WTO for Copyright and Education
  • 7.3. The WIPO DA: Recent Adoption by WIPO of Development Approaches to Copyrighted Works
  • 7.3.2. Legal Basis of the Development Agenda: A Constitutional Reform of WIPO
  • 7.3.3.A Survey of Some `Agenda' Items Relevant to Education
  • 7.3.3.1. Technical Assistance
  • 7.3.3.2. Norm Setting, Flexibilities, Public Policy and Public Domain.
  • Note continued: 7.3.5. Establishment of the Committee on Development and Intellectual Property: A Formal Amendment of the WIPO Convention and Modification of Objectives of WIPO
  • 7.3.7. Evaluation: The DA Is a Model for Future Development of Access Standards in International Copyright Law
  • 7.4.7. Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights (SCCR): Developing Access Principles and Rules for Copyright and Education
  • 7.3.7.2. Proposals for Work on Limitations and Exceptions for Education, Libraries and Disabled Persons: Transforming Flexibilities to User Rights
  • 7.4. Evaluation of Recent Developments in WIPO and Some Recommendations.

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