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Chemical sensors : fundamentals of sensing materials. Volume 1, General approaches /
This volume provides an introduction to the fundamentals of sensing materials. We have tried to provide here the basic knowledge necessary for understanding chemical sensing through a brief description of the principles of chemical sensor operation and consideration of the processes that take place...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
[New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017) :
Momentum Press,
2010.
|
| Edición: | 1st ed. |
| Colección: | Sensor technology series.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Preface to Chemical sensors: fundamentals of sensing materials
- Preface to Volume 1: General approaches
- About the editor
- Contributors.
- 1. Basic principles of chemical sensor operation / M.Z. Atashbar, S. Krishnamurthy, G. Korotcenkov
- Introduction
- Electrochemical sensors
- Amperometric sensors
- Conductometric sensors
- Potentiometric sensors
- Capacitance sensors
- Work-function sensors
- Field-effect transistor sensors
- chemFET-based sensors
- Schottky diode-based sensors
- Catalytic sensors
- Conductometric sensors
- Acoustic wave sensors
- Thickness shear mode sensors
- Surface acoustic wave sensors
- Mass-sensitive sensors
- Optical sensors
- Fiber optic chemical sensors
- Fluorescence fiber optic chemical sensors
- Absorption fiber optic chemical sensors
- Refractometric fiber optic chemical sensors
- Absorption-based sensors
- Surface plasmon resonance sensors
- Photoacoustic sensors
- Thermoelectric sensors
- Thermal conductivity sensors
- Flame ionization sensors
- Langmuir-Blodgett film sensors
- References.
- 2. Desired properties for sensing materials / G. Korotcenkov
- Introduction
- Common characteristics of metal oxides
- Crystal structure of metal oxides
- Electronic structure of metal oxides
- Role of the electronic structure of metal oxides in surface processes
- Surface properties of sensing materials
- Electronic properties of metal oxide surfaces
- Role of adsorption/desorption parameters in gas-sensing effects
- Catalytic activity of sensing materials
- Stability of parameters in sensing materials
- Thermodynamic stability
- Chemical stability
- Long-term stability
- Electrophysical properties of sensing materials
- Oxygen diffusion in metal oxides
- Conductivity type
- Band gap
- Electroconductivity
- Other important parameters for sensing materials
- Structural properties of sensing materials
- Grain size
- Crystal shape
- Surface geometry
- Film texture
- Surface stoichiometry (disordering)
- Porosity and active surface area
- Agglomeration
- Outlook
- Acknowledgments
- References.
- 3. Combinatorial concepts for development of sensing materials / R.A. Potyrailo
- Introduction
- General principles of combinatorial materials screening
- Opportunities for sensing materials
- Designs of combinatorial libraries of sensing materials
- Discovery and optimization of sensing materials using discrete arrays
- Radiant energy transduction sensors
- Mechanical energy transduction sensors
- Electrical energy transduction sensors
- Optimization of sensing materials using gradient arrays
- Variable concentration of reagents
- Variable thickness of sensing films
- Variable 2-D composition
- Variable operation temperature and diffusion-layer thickness
- Emerging wireless technologies for combinatorial screening of sensing materials
- Summary and outlook
- Acknowledgments
- References.
- 4. Synthesis and deposition of sensor materials / G. Korotcenkov, B.K. Cho
- 1. Deposition technology: introduction and overview
- 2. Vacuum evaporation and vacuum deposition
- Principles of film deposition by the vacuum evaporation method
- Disadvantages of the vacuum evaporation method
- Film deposition by thermal evaporation
- 3. Sputtering technology
- Principles of deposition by sputtering
- Sputtering techniques
- Advantages and disadvantages of sputtering technology
- Properties of films deposited by sputtering
- 4. The RGTO technique
- Particulars of the RGTO method
- Advantages and disadvantages of RGTO
- 5. Laser ablation or pulsed laser deposition
- Principles of pulsed laser deposition
- Advantages and disadvantages of PLD
- Technical approaches to improving PLD results
- Some particulars of film deposition by the PLD method
- 6. Ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD)
- Introduction
- Principles of the IBAD method
- 7. Chemical vapor deposition
- Introduction
- Principles of the CVD process
- Chemical precursors and reaction chemistry
- Particulars of CVD technology
- Advantages and disadvantages of CVD
- Variants of CVD methods
- 8. Deposition from aerosol phase
- Introduction
- Principles and mechanism of the deposition process
- Atomization techniques
- Advantages and disadvantages of deposition from an aerosol phase
- Technology of the pyrolysis process
- Regularities of metal oxide growth during spray pyrolysis deposition
- 9. Deposition from aqueous solutions
- Introduction
- Chemical bath deposition (CBD)
- Selective ion-layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) or successive
- Ionic-layer deposition (SILD)
- Liquid-phase deposition (LPD)
- Electroless deposition (ED)
- Electrochemical deposition (ECD)
- Ferrite plating
- Liquid flow deposition (LFD)
- Electrophoretic deposition (EPD)
- Photochemical deposition (PCD), applying external forces or fields
- Summary
- 10. The sol-gel process
- Introduction
- Principles of the sol-gel process
- Sol-gel chemistry and technology
- Advantages and disadvantages of sol-gel techniques
- Calcination of sol-gel-obtained oxides
- Organic-inorganic hybrid materials (OIHM)
- Summary
- 11. Powder technology
- Introduction
- Gas processing condensation (GPC)
- Chemical vapor condensation (CVC)
- Microwave plasma processing (MPP)
- Combustion flame synthesis (CFS)
- Nanopowder collection
- Mechanical milling of powders
- Summary
- 12. Polymer technology
- Introduction
- Methods of polymer synthesis
- Fabrication of polymer films
- 13. Deposition on fibers
- Specifics of film deposition on fibers
- Coating design and tooling
- Outlook
- Acknowledgments
- References.
- 5. Modification of sensing materials: metal oxide materials engineering / G. Korotcenkov
- Introduction
- Control of sensor response through structural engineering of metal oxides
- Structural engineering, what does it mean
- Structural engineering of metal oxides, technical approaches
- Sensor response control through modification of metal oxide composition
- Phase modification of metal oxides
- Methods of phase modification
- Influence of additives on structural properties of multicomponent metal oxides
- Gas-sensing properties of multicomponent metal oxides
- Sensor response control through surface modification of metal oxides
- Methods of surface modification
- Influence of surface modification on gas-sensing properties of metal oxides
- Surface additives as active and passive filters
- Improved operating characteristics of gas sensors through materials engineering of metal oxides: what determines the choice
- Device application
- The nature of the gas to be detected
- Detection mechanism
- Environmental conditions during use
- Required rate of sensor response
- Required sensitivity
- Sensor response selectivity
- Compatibility with peripheral measuring devices
- Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Index.