The scientific image /

Presenting an empiricist alternative to both logical positivism and scientific realism, this book insists on a literal understanding of the language of science and on an irreducibly pragmatic dimension of theory acceptance.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Van Fraassen, Bas C., 1941-
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Oxford : New York : Clarendon Press ; Oxford University Press, 1980.
Colección:Clarendon library of logic and philosophy.
Temas:
Science > Philosophy.
Sciences > Philosophie.
SCIENCE > Philosophy & Social Aspects.
Science > Philosophy
Empirismus
Wissenschaftsphilosophie
Wissenschaftstheorie
Natuurwetenschappen.
Filosofie.
Filosofia Da Ciencia.
Philosophie des sciences.
Empirisme.
Positivisme logique.
Réalisme (philosophie)
Science - Philosophical perspectives
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Preface
  • CONTENTS
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 2. ARGUMENTS CONCERNING SCIENTIFIC REALISM
  • 1. Scientific Realism and Constructive Empiricism
  • 1.1 Statement of Scientific Realism
  • 1.2 Alternatives to Realism
  • 1.3 Constructive Empiricism
  • 2. The Theory/Observation â€?Dichotomyâ€?
  • 3. Inference to the Best Explanation
  • 4. Limits of the Demand for Explanation
  • 5. The Principle of the Common Cause
  • 6. Limits to Explanation: a Thought Experiment
  • 7. Demons and the Ultimate Argument
  • 3. TO SAVE THE PHENOMENA
  • 1. Models
  • 2. Apparent Motion and Absolute Space3. Empirical Content of Newton's Theory
  • 4. Theories and their Extensions
  • 5. Extensions: Victory and Qualified Defeat
  • 6. Failure of the Syntactic Approach
  • 7. The Hermeneutic Circle
  • 8. Limits to Empirical Description
  • 9. A New Picture of Theories
  • 4. EMPIRICISM AND SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY
  • 1. Empiricist Epistemology and Scepticism
  • 2. Methodology and Experimental Design
  • 2.1 The Roles of Theory
  • 2.2 Measuring the Charge of the Electron
  • 2.3 Boyd on the Philosophical Explanation of Methodology
  • 2.4 Phenomenology of Scientific Activity3. The Conjunction Objection
  • 4. Pragmatic Virtues and Explanation
  • 4.1 The Other Virtues
  • 4.2 The Incursion of Pragmatics
  • 4.3 Pursuit of Explanation
  • 5. THE PRAGMATICS OF EXPLANATION
  • 1. The Language of Explanation
  • 1.1 Truth and Grammar
  • 1.2 Some Examples
  • 2. A Biased History
  • 2.1 Hempel: Grounds for Belief
  • 2.2 Salmon: Statistically Relevant Factors
  • 2.3 Global Properties of Theories
  • 2.4 The Difficulties: Asymmetries and Rejections
  • 2.5 Causality: the Conditio Sine Qua Non
  • 2.6 Causality: Salmon's Theory2.7 The Clues of Causality
  • 2.8 Why-questions
  • 2.9 The Clues Elaborated
  • 3. Asymmetries of Explanation: A Short Story
  • 3.1 Asymmetry and Context: the Aristotelian Sieve
  • 3.2 â€?The Tower and the Shadowâ€?
  • 4. A Model for Explanation
  • 4.1 Contexts and Propositions
  • 4.2 Questions
  • 4.3 A Theory of Why-questions
  • 4.4 Evaluation of Answers
  • 4.5 Presupposition and Relevance Elaborated
  • 5. Conclusion
  • 6. PROBABILITY: THE NEW MODALITY OF SCIENCE
  • 1. Statistics in General Science
  • 2. Classical Statistical Mechanics2.1 The Measure of Ignorance
  • 2.2 Objective and Epistemic Probability Disentangled
  • 2.3 The Intrusion of Infinity
  • 3. Probability in Quantum Mechanics
  • 3.1 The Disanalogies with the Classical Case
  • 3.2 Quantum Probabilities as Conditional
  • 3.3 Virtual Ensembles of Measurements
  • 4. Towards an Empiricist Interpretation of Probability
  • 4.1 Probability Spaces as Models of Experiments
  • 4.2 The Strict Frequency Interpretation
  • 4.3 Propensity and Virtual Sequences
  • 4.4 A Modal Frequency Interpretation

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