Aquatic Chemistry Chemical Equilibria and Rates in Natural Waters.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Stumm, Werner
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 1995.
Colección:New York Academy of Sciences Ser.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Cover
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • SERIES PREFACE Environmental Science and Technology
  • PREFACE
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • CONTENTS
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Scope of Aquatic Chemistry
  • 1.2 The Solvent Water
  • 1.3 Solute Species
  • Suggested Readings
  • Appendix 1.1: Some Useful Quantities, Units, Conversion Factors, Constants, and Relationships
  • 2. Chemical Thermodynamics and Kinetics
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Chemical Thermodynamic Principles
  • 2.3 Systems of Variable Composition: Chemical Thermodynamics
  • 2.4 Gibbs Energy and Systems of Variable Chemical Composition
  • Answers to Problems
  • 3. Acids and Bases
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 The Nature of Acids and Bases
  • 3.3 The Strength of an Acid or Base
  • 3.4 Activity and pH Scales
  • 3.5 Equilibrium Calculations
  • 3.6 pH as a Master Variable
  • Equilibrium Calculations Using a Graphical Approach
  • 3.7 Ionization Fractions of Acids, Bases, and Ampholytes
  • 3.8 Titration of Acids and Bases
  • 3.9 Buffer Intensity and Neutralizing Capacity
  • 3.10 Organic Acids
  • Suggested Readings
  • Problems
  • Answers to Problems
  • 4. Dissolved Carbon Dioxide
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Dissolved Carbonate Equilibria (Closed System)
  • 4.3 Aqueous Carbonate System Open to the Atmosphere
  • 4.4 Alkalinity and Acidity, Neutralizing Capacities
  • 4.5 Alkalinity Changes
  • 4.6 Analytical Considerations: Gran Plots
  • 4.7 Equilibrium with Solid Carbonates
  • 4.8 Kinetic Considerations
  • 4.9 Carbon Isotopes and Isotope Fractionation
  • Suggested Readings
  • Problems
  • Answers to Problems
  • 5. Atmosphere-Water Interactions
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Anthropogenic Generation of Acidity in the Atmosphere
  • 5.3 Gas-Water Partitioning: Henry's Law
  • 5.4 Gas-Water Equilibria in Closed and Open Systems
  • 5.5 Washout of Pollutants from the Atmosphere
  • 5.6 Fog
  • 5.7 Aerosols
  • 5.8 Acid Rain-Acid Lakes
  • 5.9 The Volatility of Organic Substances
  • 5.10 Gas Transfer Across Water-Gas Interface
  • Suggested Readings
  • Problems
  • Answers to Problems
  • 6. Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution: Aspects of Coordination Chemistry
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Protons and Metal Ions
  • 6.3 Hydrolysis of Metal Ions
  • 6.4 Solubility and Hydrolysis: Solid Hydroxides and Metal Oxides
  • 6.5 Chelates
  • 6.6 Metal Ions and Ligands: Classification of Metals

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