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Recent developments in forward osmosis processes /
Annotation
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
London, England :
IWA Publishing,
2017.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover; Copyright; Contents; Additional Image credits; List of Contributors; Preface; Summary; Part 1: Introduction; Chapter 1.1: Population distribution and water scarcity; 1.1.1 Osmotic Membrane Processes; 1.1.2 Forward Osmosis (FO); 1.1.3 FO System for Wastewater Recovery and Seawater Desalination; 1.1.4 Concentration Polarization in FO Membranes; 1.1.5 FO Membrane Fouling; 1.1.6 Energy Demand in Desalination and Water Treatment Processes; 1.1.7 Scope and Outline; 1.1.8 References; Part 2: Water Recovery; Chapter 2.1: The management of urban runoff in coastal regions; 2.1.1 Introduction.
- 2.1.2 Materials and Methods2.1.2.1 Synthetic urban runoff and seawater; 2.1.2.2 FO membrane and simulated osmotic detention pond; 2.1.2.3 Analytical methods; 2.1.3 Results and Discussion; 2.1.3.1 Effects of feed water condition on flux patterns; 2.1.3.2 Salt leakage and NOM fouling; 2.1.3.3 Rejection of trace metals and nutrients; 2.1.3.4 Environmental and economic implications; 2.1.4 Summary; 2.1.5 References; Chapter 2.2: Water harvesting from municipal wastewater; 2.2.1 Introduction; 2.2.2 Experimental; 2.2.2.1 Feed water and draw solution; 2.2.2.2 FO membrane and experimental set-up.
- 2.2.2.3 Analytical methods2.2.3 Results and Discussion; 2.2.3.1 Flux patterns; 2.2.3.2 Salt leakage and retention of nutrients and trace metals; 2.2.3.3 Fouling characterization and osmotic backwash; 2.2.4 Summary; 2.2.5 References; Chapter 2.3: Indirect desalination of seawater; 2.3.1 Introduction; 2.3.2 Materials, Methods and Experimental; 2.3.2.1 Membranes and equipment; 2.3.2.2 Draw solution and feed water; 2.3.2.3 Experimental protocol; 2.3.3 Theoretical Background; 2.3.4 Results and Discussion; 2.3.4.1 Feed water and draw solution characterization.
- 2.3.4.2 Long-term forward osmosis experiments2.3.5 Energy, Cost and Water Reuse Considerations; 2.3.5.1 Comparison of energy use; 2.3.5.2 Cost analysis; 2.3.5.3 Alternative water reuse of diluted draw solutions; 2.3.6 Summary; 2.3.7 References; Part 3: Fouling; Chapter 3.1: Fouling propensity during desalination of seawater; 3.1.1 Introduction; 3.1.2 Materials and Methods; 3.1.2.1 Feed and draw solution; 3.1.2.2 Forward osmosis set-up and fouling tests; 3.1.2.3 Analytical methods; 3.1.3 Results and Discussion; 3.1.3.1 Flux patterns during FO; 3.1.3.2 Identification of major foulants.
- 3.1.3.3 Salt and foulant rejection3.1.4 Summary; 3.1.5 References; Chapter 3.2: NOM and TEP fouling; 3.2.1 Introduction; 3.2.2 Experimental; 3.2.2.1 FO membranes and cell configuration; 3.2.2.2 Water samples; 3.2.2.3 FO membrane fouling procedure; 3.2.2.4 NOM characterization; 3.2.2.5 FO membrane cleaning; 3.2.3 Results and Discussion; 3.2.3.1 FO membrane process; 3.2.3.2 Fouling of the active layer of FO membrane; 3.2.3.3 Fouling of the support layer of FO membrane; 3.2.3.4 Cleaning of the FO membrane
- active layer; 3.2.3.5 Cleaning of the FO membrane
- support layer; 3.2.4 Summary.