Employment and Health Benefits : a Connection at Risk.

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Staff, Institute of Medicine
Otros Autores: Field, Marilyn J., Shapiro, Harold T.
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington : National Academies Press, 1993.
Colección:Online access: National Academy of Sciences National Academies Press.
Online access: NCBI NCBI Bookshelf.
Temas:
Health insurance > United States.
Voluntary employees' beneficiary associations > United States.
Insurance.
Income.
Personnel management.
Organization.
Health services administration.
Economics.
Medical care.
Salaries and Fringe Benefits
Insurance, Health
Insurance
Income
Personnel Management
Organization and Administration
Socioeconomic Factors
Financing, Organized
Health Services Administration
Population Characteristics
Economics
Delivery of Health Care
Health Care Economics and Organizations
Health Benefit Plans, Employee
National Health Insurance, United States
Patient Care
Assurance-maladie > États-Unis.
Assurance-maladie.
Assurance.
Revenu.
Personnel > Direction.
Organisation.
Services de santé > Administration.
Économie politique.
Prestation de soins.
Soins médicaux.
insurance.
economics.
Personnel management
Organization
Medical care
Health services administration
Health insurance
Voluntary employees' beneficiary associations
United States
UNITED STATES.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Employment and Health Benefits
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Summary
  • EMPLOYMENT-BASED HEALTH BENEFITS IN CONTEXT
  • Historical Development
  • Key Statistics
  • International Comparisons
  • Scope and Functions
  • Access to Health Services
  • Costs in Context
  • DISTINGUISHING FEATURES OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM
  • Voluntary Group Purchase
  • Lack of Universal Coverage
  • Risk Selection and Discrimination
  • Dispersed Power and Accountability
  • Diversity
  • Innovation
  • Discontinuity
  • Barriers to Cost Management
  • ComplexityStrengths and Limitations of These Features
  • FUTURE DIRECTIONS
  • To Improve a Voluntary System
  • Reducing or Compensating for Risk Selection
  • Subsidizing Coverage
  • Other Regulatory Issues
  • The Financing Dilemma
  • Beyond Voluntary Coverage
  • Research Agenda
  • FINAL THOUGHTS
  • 1 Background and Introduction
  • EMPLOYMENT-BASED HEALTH BENEFITS IN CONTEXT
  • OVERVIEW OF REPORT
  • WHY THIS STUDY?
  • Relation to the Debate over Health Care Reform
  • Issues and Concerns
  • KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS AS USED IN THIS REPORT
  • Employment-Based Health BenefitsSocial Insurance and Private Insurance
  • Small and Large Groups
  • Risk, Insurance, and Benefits
  • Insurable Events
  • Moral Hazard, Biased Selection, Risk Segmentation, and Underwriting
  • CONCLUSION
  • 2 Origins and Evolution of Employment-Based Health Benefits
  • THE BIRTH OF INSURANCE FOR MEDICAL CARE EXPENSES
  • Early Voluntary Initiatives
  • Early Public Action
  • THE DIVERGENT PATH OF THE UNITED STATES
  • Unsuccessful Early State Initiatives
  • Proposals for National Health Insurance in the Depression and Postwar Years
  • Innovation in the Private SectorEmployment-Based Benefits, Federal Regulations, and Union Policies
  • Growth and Change in Health Insurance Products
  • Federal Government as Sponsor of Employee Health Benefits Program
  • EARLY COST MANAGEMENT EFFORTS BY INSURERS AND OTHERS
  • Management of the Risk Pool
  • Design of the Benefit Plan
  • Controls on Payments to Providers
  • Constraints on Supply
  • Utilization Review
  • Impact of Early Cost Management Efforts
  • THE LIMITS OF VOLUNTARY HEALTH BENEFITS AND MEDICARE AND MEDICAID
  • Medicare
  • Medicaid
  • National Health Insurance RevisitedFEDERAL REGULATION AND THE EMPLOYER'S GROWING ROLE
  • Federal and State Roles Before 1974
  • The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
  • CONCLUSION
  • 3 Employment-Based Health Benefits Today
  • DATA SOURCES
  • WHO IS AND IS NOT COVERED BY EMPLOYMENT-BASED HEALTH BENEFITS?
  • Covered Workers and Family Members
  • Uninsured Workers and Family Members
  • Retirees
  • Sources of Variation in Employment-Based Coverage
  • WHAT TYPES OF COVERAGE ARE OFFERED?
  • Types of Health Plans
  • Conventional Plans

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