Phonetics and Phonology of Tense and Lax Obstruents in German.

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Knowing that the so-called voiced and voiceless stops in languages like English and German do not always literally differ in voicing, several linguists -- among them Roman Jakobson -- have proposed that dichotomies such as fortis/lenis or tense/lax might be more suitable to capture the invariant pho...

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Bibliographic Details
Call Number:Libro Electrónico
Main Author: Jessen, Michael
Format: Electronic eBook
Language:Inglés
Published: Amsterdam/Philadelphia : John Benjamins Pub. Co., 1999.
Subjects:
German language > Phonetics.
German language > Phonology.
German language > Tense.
Phonetics, Experimental.
Allemand (Langue) > Phonétique.
Allemand (Langue) > Temps.
Phonétique expérimentale.
German language > Phonetics
German language > Phonology
German language > Tense
Phonetics, Experimental
Online Access:Texto completo
Table of Contents:
  • Acknowledgments
  • Preface
  • CHAPTER 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Tense versus lax obstruents in German
  • 1.2 The different functions of the speech sound
  • 1.3 Distinctive features
  • 1.4 Markedness
  • 1.5 Functionalism and formalism
  • 1.6 Phonetics and phonology
  • CHAPTER 2. Voicing and Aspiration in the Literature
  • 2.1 Introduction to the pronouncing dictionaries
  • 2.2 Voicing and aspiration in the pronouncing dictionaries
  • 2.2.1 WdA
  • 2.2.2 Duden
  • 2.2.3 Siebs
  • 2.2.4 Summary
  • 2.3 Transcription-based evidence
  • 2.4 Evidence from acoustic phonetics.
  • 2.4.1 Aspiration duration
  • 2.4.1.1 Aspiration in intervocalic position
  • 2.4.1.2 Aspiration in utterance-initial position
  • 2.4.1.3 Aspiration in post-voiceless position
  • 2.4.2 Voicing
  • 2.4.2.1 Voicing in intervocalic position
  • 2.4.2.2 Voicing in utterance-initial position
  • 2.4.2.3 Voicing in post-voiceless position
  • 2.4.3 Comments on word-initial intervocalic context
  • 2.4.4 Closure duration and vowel duration
  • 2.4.5 Fricatives
  • 2.4.6 Summary of the acoustic evidence in the literature
  • CHAPTER 3. Acoustics: Temporal Parameters
  • 3.1 Linguistic stimuli and contexts.
  • 3.2 Recording and processing
  • 3.3 Subjects
  • 3.4 Token exclusion
  • 3.5 Measurement criteria
  • 3.6 Measurement application
  • 3.7 Statistical analysis
  • 3.8 Results
  • 3.9 Discussion
  • 3.9.1 Evaluation of the results of Experiment 1
  • 3.9.2 Comparison with the literature
  • CHAPTER 4. Acoustics: Perturbation Effects
  • 4.1 Experiment 2: F0 perturbation
  • 4.1.1 Introduction
  • 4.1.2 Material
  • 4.1.3 Measurements
  • 4.1.4 Results
  • 4.1.5 Discussion
  • 4.1 Experiment 3: H1-H2
  • 4.2.1 Introduction
  • 4.2.2 Material
  • 4.2.3 Measurements
  • 4.2.4 Results
  • 4.2.5 Discussion.
  • CHAPTER 5. Distinctive Feature Analysis of Tense/Lax Stops
  • 5.1 Crosslinguistic aspects of the feature [tense]
  • 5.2 Korean as a challenge for the feature [tense]
  • 5.3 Other feature proposals
  • 5.3.1 Nonlinear phonology
  • 5.3.2 Kohler (1984)
  • 5.3.3 Further proposals and summary
  • 5.4 Distinctive feature analysis of German stops
  • 5.4.1 Experimental results
  • 5.4.2 Comparing [tense] and [spread]
  • 5.4.3 Feature proposals in the literature
  • 5.5 Further evidence for [tense] in German
  • 5.5.1 Fricatives
  • 5.5.2 Vowels
  • 5.5.3 Word stress
  • 5.5.4 The sound/h.
  • 5.5.5 Dialectology and historical linguistics
  • 5.6 The adequacy of the term 'Final Devoicing'
  • 5.6.1 The basic facts of 'Final Devoicing'
  • 5.6.2 Discussing the term 'Final Devoicing'
  • 5.7 Conclusion
  • CHAPTER 6. Fricatives and Stop/Fricative Differences
  • 6.1 Evaluation of the experimental data
  • 6.2 Feature syncretism between voicing and tenseness
  • 6.3 The markedness of stops and fricatives
  • 6.3.1 German phonotactics
  • 6.3.1.1 The Puzzle Constraint
  • 6.3.1.2 The Initial-/s/ Constraint
  • 6.3.2 Child language, aphasia, and phonological universals
  • 6.3.2.1 Child language.

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