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Table of Contents:
  • The links between testing and teaching
  • How tests can clarify the curriculum
  • Too many testing targets
  • Validity, reliability, and bias
  • An introduction to test-building
  • Selected-response items
  • Constructed-response items
  • The value of affective assessment
  • Uses and misuses of standardized achievement tests
  • Instructionally supportive standards-based tests
  • Collecting credible classroom evidence of instructional impact
  • Epilogue, Cora in her classroom : an illustration of instructionally focused testing.