Spatial Orientation : The Spatial Control of Behavior in Animals and Man /

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This major study of animal orientation in space launches the Princeton Series in Neurobiology and Behavior. Bringing together for the first time the important work done on spatial orientation over the past twenty-five years, and reviewing research up to and including recent attempts to apply the met...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Schöne, Hermann (Autor)
Otros Autores: Strausfeld, Camilla (Traductor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Alemán
Publicado: Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press, [1984]
Colección:Book collections on Project MUSE.
Temas:
Spatial behavior.
Human behavior.
Animal behavior.
PSYCHOLOGY > Physiological Psychology.
PSYCHOLOGY > General.
human behavior.
Comportement humain.
Behavior
Electronic books.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Cover
  • Contents
  • Preface
  • Key to Symbols
  • Introduction
  • 1. Orientation: Its Meaning and Scope
  • 1.1 Definitions
  • 1.2 Orientation, Behavior, and Ecology
  • 1.3 The Spatial Structure of Orientation Movements
  • 1.3.1 Rotation and Translation
  • 1.3.2 The Degrees of Freedom of Movement
  • 1.3.3 Graphic Representation
  • 1.3.4 Geometry of Orientation
  • 1.4 The Function of Orientation
  • 1.4.1 Positional Orientation
  • 1.4.2 Goal Orientation
  • 1.4.3 Stabilizing Systems
  • 2. Physiology of Orientation
  • 2.1 What Determines the Orientation?
  • 2.1.1 Releasing and Directing Stimuli.
  • 2.1.2 The Role of External and Internal Factors in Determining the Reference Value
  • 2.2 Components of an Orientation
  • 2.2.1 What Is Being Oriented?
  • 2.2.2 Orientation with and without External Directing Stimuli
  • 2.3 Information About the Spatial Reference
  • 2.3.1 What and Where Is the Spatial Reference? Identification and Localization
  • 2.3.2 Stimuli and Receptors
  • 2.3.2.1 Stimulating Agents and Stimulation
  • 2.3.2.2 Reference Stimuli
  • 2.3.2.3 Sensors, Sense Organs, and Sensory Apparatus
  • 2.3.3 Direction Determination
  • 2.3.3.1 Measurement of Incident Direction (Class I).
  • 2.3.3.2 Determination of Gradient Direction (Class II)
  • 2.3.4 Distance Determination
  • 2.4 Orientation as a System of Interacting Components
  • 2.4.1 Reaction and Action
  • 2.4.2 Interaction Between Efference and Afference
  • 2.4.3 Cybernetic Description
  • 2.4.3.1 Feedback Control Systems
  • 2.4.3.2 Open-loop System
  • 2.4.4 Sensory Input onto a Movable Carrier
  • 2.5 Tropisms, Taxes, and Kineses
  • 2.5.1 Kühn's System of Taxes
  • 2.5.2 The System of Fraenkel and Gunn
  • 2.5.3 Summary, Additions, and Discussion
  • 2.5.4 Kinesis (Indirect Orientation in a Gradient)
  • 2.5.4.1 The Kineses.
  • 2.5.4.2 The Kinesis Paradox
  • 2.6 Response as a Function of Stimulus Direction and Intensity
  • 2.6.1 Turning Tendency
  • 2.6.2 Orientation to Several Unimodal Stimuli
  • 2.6.2.1 Vector Representation and Vectorial Processing of Stimuli
  • 2.6.2.2 Vector Addition and the Weighted Arithmetic Mean
  • 2.6.3 Alteration of the Stimulus-Response Relationship (Resetting the Reference Value)
  • 2.7 Multimodal Orientation Systems
  • 2.7.1 Orientation to Stimuli of Diverse Sensory Modalities
  • 2.7.2 Transposition
  • 2.7.3 Weighting of Reference Cues
  • 2.7.4 Bimodal Orientation of Turning Movements.
  • 2.7.5 Perception of How Objects Are Oriented in Space
  • 2.8 Distant Orientation
  • 2.8.1 Compass Course Orientation
  • 2.8.1.1 Course-constant and Space-constant Body Alignment
  • 2.8.1.2 Sun, Star, and Magnetic Compasses
  • 2.8.2 Navigation
  • 2.8.3 Landmark Orientation (""Piloting"")
  • 2.8.4 Reaching the Goal
  • 2.9 Human Perceptual and Motor Orientation of Position and Movement
  • 2.9.1 Orientation to the Vertical
  • 2.9.1.1 Orientation to Gravity
  • 2.9.1.2 The Gravity and the Visual Standard
  • 2.9.2 Apparent Self-motion Induced by Optokinesis.

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