Bark beetle management, ecology, and climate change /

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Otros Autores: Gandhi, Kamal J. K. (Editor ), Hofstetter, Richard W. (Editor )
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: London : Academic Press, [2022]
Temas:
Bark beetles > Climatic factors.
Bark beetles > Ecology.
Scolytes de l'�ecorce > Facteurs climatiques.
Scolytes de l'�ecorce > �Ecologie.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Front Cover
  • Bark Beetle Management, Ecology, and Climate Change
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Introduction: Bark beetles, management, and climate change
  • 1. Background
  • 2. Goals of the book
  • References
  • Acknowledgments
  • Part I: Insect distributions and novel hosts
  • Chapter 1: Climate change and invasions by nonnative bark and ambrosia beetles
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Key terms and concepts
  • 3. Factors predisposing bark and ambrosia beetles as invaders
  • 4. Transportation and arrival
  • 5. Establishment and population growth
  • 6. Spread of established populations
  • 7. Impact of climate change on fungal associates
  • 8. Consequences of extreme weather events on invasions
  • 8.1. Extreme meteorological events causing sudden increases in timber stocks-The 2018 drought and storms in Europe
  • 8.2. The Siberian heat wave: Movement of conifer timber from Asia to Europe
  • 9. Conclusions and future directions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Complexities in predicting mountain pine beetle and spruce beetle response to climate change
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Development rates and thresholds
  • 3. Diapause
  • 3.1. Prepupal diapause
  • 3.2. Teneral adult diapause
  • 3.3. Diapause effects on lifecycle timing
  • 4. Cold hardening
  • 5. Potential climate change effects on population persistence and expansion
  • 6. Management implications of climate change-affected population dynamics
  • 7. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter 3: Responses and modeling of southern pine beetle and its host pines to climate change
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Factors influencing the geographic range of southern pine beetle
  • 2.1. Climate
  • 2.2. Associates
  • 2.3. Host trees
  • 2.3.1. Pine hosts of southern pine beetle
  • 2.3.2. Pine host responses to climate change.
  • 2.3.3. Interactions between host trees and southern pine beetle under climate change
  • 3. Management and monitoring data
  • 4. Climate change, range expansion, and predictive modeling of southern pine beetle distribution
  • 4.1. The past and present of predictive modeling and outbreak dynamics
  • 4.1.1. Population approaches
  • 4.1.2. Integrating space into population modeling
  • 4.2. The problem of scale
  • 4.3. The problem of uncertainty
  • 4.3.1. Systematic error
  • 4.3.2. Measurement error
  • 4.3.3. Uncertainty in variables
  • 4.3.4. Uncertainty in model structure
  • 5. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Part II: Interactions of insects with altered host physiology
  • Chapter 4: The Eurasian spruce bark beetle in a warming climate: Phenology, behavior, and biotic interactions
  • 1. Ips typographus-destructive force and keystone species in Eurasian spruce forests
  • 2. Temperature effects on spruce bark beetle phenology and population dynamics
  • 2.1. Voltinism, overwintering, and diapause
  • 2.2. Temperature dependent spruce bark beetle phenology
  • 3. Beetle exploration of landscape and habitat-How climatic conditions and odor sources influence dispersal and host sele ...
  • 4. Carbon castles: The formidable defenses of Norway spruce
  • 5. Are (drought) stressed spruce trees more susceptible to Ips typographus attack?
  • 5.1. Drought manipulation experiments
  • 6. The tripartite Norway spruce, Ips typographus, and fungal symbionts system
  • 6.1. How do bark beetles overcome the formidable defenses of the host?-The three hypotheses examined
  • 7. Bark beetle-Norway spruce interactions in a changing climate-Perspectives for science and management
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter 5: Climate change alters host tree physiology and drives plant-insect interactions in forests of the southweste
  • 1. Introduction.
  • 2. Impacts of climate drivers on plant-insect interactions in southwestern USA forest ecosystems
  • 3. What are the gaps in our understanding of plant-insect interactions under climate change in southwestern forests?
  • 4. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 6: Relationships between drought, coniferous tree physiology, and Ips bark beetles under climatic changes
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Results from literature linking Ips bark beetle outbreaks and drought
  • 3. Economic and ecological consequences of drought and Ips beetle outbreaks on conifers
  • 4. Anticipated changes in conifer physiology due to climate change
  • 4.1. Prolonged drought stress affects host investment in growth and differentiation
  • 4.2. Drought and changes in conifer production of defensive compounds
  • 5. Insect-plant interactions in host trees experiencing drought stress
  • 5.1. Host water deficit severity (intermittent vs. continuous water stress) governs subsequent level of damage by bark be ...
  • 5.2. Drought-stressed hosts may attract Ips bark beetles
  • 5.3. Compromised host defenses and changes in phloem environment caused by drought and heat stress facilitate Ips beetle ...
  • 6. Ips-drought interactions: A conceptual framework
  • 7. Research gaps
  • 8. Conclusions and future research directions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Part III: Interactions of insects with altered disturbance regimes
  • Chapter 7: Interactions between catastrophic wind disturbances and bark beetles in forested ecosystems
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1. Windthrow as a natural disturbance agent
  • 1.2. Windthrow and subcortical beetles
  • 1.3. Objectives of the chapter
  • 2. Interactions of wind disturbance with bark beetles
  • 2.1. At the tree- and stand levels
  • 2.2. At the landscape level
  • 3. Postwindstorm forest management practices.
  • 4. Conceptual model of cross-scale interactions between windthrow and bark beetles
  • 5. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Part IV: Ecosystem-level impacts of bark beetle outbreaks due to climate change
  • Chapter 8: Bark beetle outbreaks alter biotic components of forested ecosystems
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1. Bark beetles and climate change
  • 1.2. Chapter objectives
  • 2. Changes to the abiotic forest environment
  • 3. Changes to forest structure by bark beetle outbreaks
  • 4. Responses of flora following bark beetle outbreaks
  • 4.1. Regenerating trees
  • 4.1.1. Positive responses
  • 4.1.2. Negative responses
  • 4.1.3. Neutral responses
  • 4.2. Herbs and shrubs
  • 4.2.1. Positive responses
  • 4.2.2. Negative responses
  • 4.2.3. Neutral responses
  • 4.3. Mosses
  • 5. Responses of fauna following bark beetle outbreaks
  • 5.1. Arthropods
  • 5.1.1. Positive responses
  • 5.1.2. Negative responses
  • 5.2. Birds
  • 5.2.1. Positive responses
  • 5.2.2. Negative responses
  • 5.2.3. Neutral responses
  • 5.3. Mammals
  • 5.3.1. Positive responses
  • 5.3.2. Negative responses
  • 5.3.3. Variable responses
  • 5.4. Reptiles
  • 5.4.1. Positive responses
  • 5.4.2. Negative responses
  • 6. Responses of soil microbiota following bark beetle outbreaks
  • 7. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter 9: Eastern larch beetle, a changing climate, and impacts to northern tamarack forests
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Host species
  • 3. Predisposing factors associated with tree-killing activity of eastern larch beetles
  • 4. Biology and ecology of eastern larch beetle
  • 4.1. Identification
  • 4.2. Host colonization and chemical ecology
  • 4.3. Fungal associates
  • 4.4. Characteristics of tamaracks infested by eastern larch beetles
  • 4.5. Mating behavior
  • 4.6. Oviposition and brood development
  • 4.7. Life cycle
  • 4.8. First brood.
  • 4.9. Second brood
  • 4.10. Third brood
  • 5. Shifts to bivoltine development in a warming climate
  • 5.1. Overwintering biology
  • 6. The impact of eastern larch beetle outbreaks on forests
  • 6.1. Silvics of eastern larch
  • 7. Silvicultural systems of eastern larch
  • 7.1. Host selection with respect to tree size
  • 7.2. Impacts of eastern larch beetles on tamarack stand structure
  • 7.3. Forest management and eastern larch beetle
  • 8. Future research needs
  • References
  • Part V: Multitrophic changes mediated via climate change
  • Chapter 10: Effects of rising temperatures on ectosymbiotic communities associated with bark and ambrosia beetles
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Functions and interactions of ectosymbionts within beetle-infested trees
  • 2.1. Ectosymbiotic fungi
  • 2.2. Ectosymbiotic bacteria
  • 2.3. Ectosymbiotic mites
  • 2.4. Ectosymbiotic nematodes
  • 2.5. Whole community interactions
  • 3. Ectosymbiotic communities and their relationship with climate variables
  • 4. Direct effects of temperature of ectosymbionts
  • 4.1. Direct effects of temperature on growth and reproduction of fungi
  • 4.2. Direct effects of temperature on the growth and reproduction of bacteria
  • 4.3. Direct effects of temperature on growth and reproduction of mites
  • 4.4. Direct effects of temperature on growth and reproduction of nematodes
  • 5. Effects of climate change on tree condition (secondary defenses, nutrition, moisture) and the symbiotic community
  • 6. Projected effects of climate (temperature regimes, drought) and changes to the ectosymbiotic community on bark beetle ...
  • 7. Conceptual model
  • 8. Testable hypotheses
  • 9. Critical research needs
  • References
  • Part VI: Management of bark beetles in altered forests and climate conditions.

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