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Multiscale biomechanical modeling of the brain /

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:	Libro Electrónico
Otros Autores:	Prabhu, Raj K. (Editor ), Horstemeyer, Mark F. (Editor )
Formato:	Electrónico eBook
Idioma:	Inglés
Publicado:	London : Academic Press, [2022]
Temas:	Brain > Models. Biomedical engineering. Cerveau > Mod�eles. G�enie biom�edical. biomedical engineering. Biomedical engineering Brain > Models
Acceso en línea:	Texto completo

Tabla de Contenidos:

Front cover
Half title
Full title
Copyright
Contents
Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1
The multiscale nature of the brain and traumatic brain injury
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The brain's multiscale structure
1.2.1 Gross anatomy
1.2.1.1 Cerebrum
1.2.1.2 Cerebellum
1.2.1.3 Diencephalon
1.2.1.4 Brainstem
1.2.2 Microanatomy
1.2.2.1 Neuroglia
1.2.2.2 Neurons
1.3 The multiscale nature of TBI
1.3.1 Multiscale injury mechanisms
1.3.2 Types of injury
1.3.3 Examples of injuries
1.3.4 Neurobehavioral sequelae
1.3.5 TBI research methods
1.3.5.1 Experiments
1.3.5.2 Computational models (simulations)
1.4 Summary
References
Chapter 2
Introduction to multiscale modeling of the human brain
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Constitutive modeling of the brain
2.3 Brain tissue experiments used for constitutive modeling calibration
2.4 Modeling summary of upcoming chapters in the book
2.5 Summary
References
Chapter 3
Density functional theory and bridging to classical interatomic force fields
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Why quantum mechanics?
3.1.2 Physical chemistry of biomechanical systems
3.2 Density functional theory
3.3 Downscaling requirements of classical force field atomistic models
3.3.1 Upscaling properties
3.4 Sample atomistic force fields formalism and development of an interatomic potential for hydrocarbons
3.4.1 MEAMBO
3.4.2 Calibration of the MEAMBO potential
3.4.3 Parameterization of the interatomic potential
3.4.4 Validation of the interatomic force fields
3.5 Summary
References
Chapter 4
Modeling nanoscale cellular structures using molecular dynamics
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Methods
4.2.1 Molecular dynamics simulation method
4.2.2 Atomic force fields.
4.2.3 Simulation ensembles of atoms
4.2.4 Boundary conditions
4.2.5 Current simulation details
4.2.6 Molecular dynamics analysis methods for the phospholipid bilayer (neuron membrane)
4.2.6.1 Stress-strain behavior of the neuron membrane
4.2.6.2 Image analysis for stereological quantification of neuron membrane damage
4.3 Results and discussion for the phospholipid bilayer (neuron membrane)
4.3.1 Stress-strain and damage response
4.3.2 Membrane failure limit diagram
4.4 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5
Microscale mechanical modeling of brain neuron(s) and axon(s)
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Modeling microscale neurons
5.2.1 Modeling neurons
5.2.2 Modeling mechanical behavior of axons
5.3 Summary and future
References
Chapter 6
Mesoscale finite element modeling of brain structural heterogeneities and geometrical complexities
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Modeling length scale
6.2 Methods
6.2.1 Computational methods for properties
6.2.2 Model validation and boundary conditions
6.3 Results and discussion
6.3.1 Geometrical complexities
6.3.1.1 The effects of the sulci
6.3.1.2 Sulcus orientation
6.3.1.3 Sulcus length
6.4 Summary
References
Chapter 7
Modeling mesoscale anatomical structures in macroscale brain finite element models
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Macroscale brain finite element model
7.3 Mesoscale anatomical structures and imaging techniques
7.4 The importance of structural anisotropy in macroscale models of TBI
7.5 Material-based method
7.6 Structure-based method
7.7 Summary and future perspectives
References
Chapter 8
A macroscale mechano-physiological internal state variable (MPISV) model for neuronal membrane damage with ...
8.1 Introduction
8.1.1 Definitions.
8.2 Membrane disruption
8.3 Development of damage evolution equation
8.3.1 Pore number density rate
8.3.2 Pore growth rate
8.3.3 Pore resealing
8.4 Garnering data from molecular dynamics simulations
8.5 Calibration of the mechano-physiological internal state variable damage rate equations
8.6 Sensitivity analysis of damage model at this length scale
8.7 Comparison of model with cell culture studies
8.8 Discussion
8.9 Summary
References
Chapter 9
MRE-based modeling of head trauma
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Model formulation
9.2.1 MRE acquisition and inversion
9.2.2 Finite element mesh generation
9.2.3 Material properties
9.2.4 Experimental verification
9.3 Results and discussion
9.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10
Robust concept exploration of driver's side vehicular impacts for human-centric crashworthiness
10.1 Frame of reference
10.2 Problem definition
10.3 Adapted CEF for robust concept exploration
10.4 Head and neck injury criteria-based robust design of vehicular impacts
10.4.1 Clarification of design task-Step A
10.4.2 Design of experiments-Step B
10.4.3 Finite element car crash simulations for predicting injury response-Step C
10.4.3.1 Finite element model
10.4.3.2 Head injury metric analysis
10.4.3.3 Neck injury metric analysis
10.4.4 Building surrogate models-Step D
10.4.5 Formulation of robust design cDSP-Step E
10.4.6 Formulating the design scenarios, exercising the cDSP and exploration of solution space-Step E
10.5 Future: correlate human brain injury to vehicular damage
10.6 Summary
References
Chapter 11
Development of a coupled physical-computational methodology for the investigation of infant head injury
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Methods
11.2.1 Pediatric head development.
11.2.2 Material properties
11.2.3 Mesh convergence
11.2.4 Boundary and loading conditions
11.2.5 Global validation of the FE-head against PMHS
11.2.6 Global, regional, and local validation of the FE-head against the physical model
11.2.7 Statistical analysis
11.3 Results and discussion
11.3.1 Global validation of the FE-head versus the postmortem human surrogate
11.3.2 Global validation of the FE-head versus the physical model
11.3.3 FE-head regional and local validation versus the physical model
11.3.4 Head deformation
11.4 Summary
References
Chapter 12
Experimental data for validating the structural response of computational brain models
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Methods
12.2.1 Experimental brain pressure measurements
12.2.2 Experimental brain deformation measurements
12.2.2.1 High-speed X-ray
12.2.2.2 Dynamic ultrasound
12.2.2.3 Sonomicrometry
12.2.2.4 Tagged magnetic resonance imaging
12.2.2.5 Magnetic resonance elastography
12.3 Challenges and limitations
12.4 Summary and future perspectives
References
Chapter 13
A review of fluid flow in and around the brain, modeling, and abnormalities
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Flow anatomy
13.2.1 Ventricular system
13.2.2 Ventricles and subarachnoid space
13.3 Characteristic numbers
13.3.1 Reynolds number
13.3.2 Womersley number
13.3.3 �Pclet number
13.4 Common brain flow abnormalities
13.4.1 Misfolded proteins
13.4.2 Injury
13.4.3 Reduced arterial pulsatility
13.4.4 Hydrocephalus
13.4.5 Chiari malformation
13.4.6 Syringomyelia and syringobulbia
13.5 Boundary conditions for models
13.5.1 General comments
13.5.2 Cardiac flow
13.5.3 Respiratory flow
13.5.4 Circulatory flow
13.5.4.1 Production-classical model.
13.5.4.2 Absorption-classical model
13.5.4.3 New model
13.5.4.4 Diffusive versus advective transport
13.5.5 Intracranial pressure
13.6 Brain measurement and imaging
13.6.1 Magnetic resonance imaging
13.6.2 Spin/field/gradient echo MRI
13.6.3 Phase contrast MRI
13.6.4 MRI limitations
13.6.5 Pressure monitoring
13.6.6 MRI segmentation
13.7 Flow modeling
13.7.1 CFD simplifications: rigid walls
13.7.2 CFD simplifications: microstructures
13.7.2.1 CFD simplifications: arachnoid granulations
13.7.2.2 CFD simplifications: arachnoid trabeculae
13.7.2.3 CFD simplifications: other structures
13.8 Literature gap
References
Chapter 14
Resonant frequencies of a human brain, skull, and head
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Problem set-up for the finite element simulations
14.3 Results
14.3.1 Whole head: fundamental frequency and mode shapes
14.3.2 Brain: fundamental frequency and mode shapes
14.4 Discussion
14.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 15
State-of-the-art of multiscale modeling of mechanical impacts to the human brain
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Work to be completed
15.2.1 Multiphysics aspects of the brain
15.2.2 Multiscale structure-property relationships of the brain
15.2.3 Different biological effects on the brain
15.2.4 The liquid-solid aspects of the brain
15.2.5 Different human ages
15.3 Conclusions
References
Index
Back cover.

Multiscale biomechanical modeling of the brain /

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