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Clinical signs in humans and animals associated with minerals, trace elements and rare earth elements /
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
London :
Academic Press,
[2022]
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Intro
- Clinical Signs in Humans and Animals Associated with Minerals, Trace Elements, and Rare Earth Elements
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contents
- Author biography
- Preface
- Introduction
- Historical perspective
- Role of minerals in the body
- Human foods
- Animal foods
- Deficiencies
- Toxicities
- Carcinogenicity, embryotoxicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity
- Species differences
- Exotic/Zoo species
- Lack of awareness in the professions
- Limitations in standards of scientific evidence
- Objectives of this book
- Key features
- Section 1: Clinical signs
- Key to tables
- 8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)-High levels
- Abdominal cramps
- Abdominal distension
- Abdominal pain (colic)
- Abnormal/unusual thoughts
- Abortion
- Abasia
- Acetonemia
- Achlorhydria
- Achromotrichia
- Acne
- Acrodynia
- Acroparesthesia
- Acute airway obstruction
- Acute kidney injury (AKI)/acute renal failure
- Acute tubular necrosis
- Adrenal hypertrophy
- Adrenal insufficiency (Addisons disease
- hypoadrenocorticism)
- Agitation
- Aggressive behavior
- Alanine transaminase (ALT)-Elevation
- Albuminuria (proteinuria)
- Aldolase-Reduced levels
- Alkaline phosphatase-Activity reduced
- Alkaline phosphatase-Increased blood concentrations
- Alkalosis-Metabolic
- Allergic reaction
- Alopecia
- Alveolitis
- Alzheimers disease
- Amblyacousia
- Aminoaciduria
- Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD)
- Amyloidosis
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Anemia
- Anesthesia
- Androgenic receptor protein expression reduced
- Angiedema
- Angular deformity of long bones
- Anhydremia
- Ankylosis
- Anorexia (decreased food intake
- inappetence)
- Anosmia
- Antler abnormalities
- Antral stenosis
- Anuria
- Anxiety
- Aortic aneurysm/rupture
- Aortic calcification
- Aortic wall thickening/plaques
- Apathy.
- Apnoea-Obstructive sleep apnoea
- Appetite increased
- Arched back
- Arginase activity increased
- Argyria
- Arrhythmia
- Arthralgia
- Arthropathy
- Ascites
- Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) levels-Low
- Aspartate aminotransferase-AST-High
- Astasia
- Asthma
- Ataxia
- Atelectasis
- Atherosclerosis
- ATPase activity-Reduced
- Attention span loss
- Autism (ASD)
- Autoimmune disease-Increased prevalence
- Azotemia
- Balance loss/vestibular syndrome
- Baritosis
- Basophil stippling
- Beak abnormalities
- Behavioral changes
- Bilirubin-High blood levels
- Bipartite sternebrum
- Birth rate-Low
- Birth weight-Low
- Blackouts
- Blanching of ears
- Blindness
- Blink reflex loss
- Blisters-Skin
- Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)-High
- Blood volume expansion
- Blood volume loss (severe)
- Blurred vision
- Body fat content-Increased
- Body righting reflexes-Delayed development
- Bone damage
- Bone fragility
- Bone loss
- Bone marrow depression
- Bone marrow hyperplasia
- Bone marrow hypoplasia
- Bone pain
- Bone tumors
- Bone undermineralization (metabolic bone disease, osteomalacia
- osteoporosis
- osteopenia, rickets)
- Bone-Increased mineralization (osteopetrosis)
- Bowel obstruction
- Bradycardia
- Brain degeneration
- Brain development impaired
- Brain hemorrhage
- Brain edema
- Brain spongiosis
- Breathlessness
- Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)-Positive findings
- Bronchitis-Chronic
- Bronchial obstruction
- Bronchiectasis
- Bronchopneumonia
- Bronchospasm
- Cachexia
- Cadmiuria-Increase
- Calcinosis: Soft tissue calcification
- Calcium absorption reduced from intestinal tract
- Calcium metabolism-Impaired
- Calculi (urinary)
- Cannibalism
- Carcinogenic effect
- Cardiac arrest
- Cardiac arrhythmia
- Cardiac atrophy
- Cardiac deformities (fetal)
- Cardiac enlargement (cardiomegaly).
- Cardiac fibrosis
- Cardiac failure/heart failure
- Cardiac murmurs
- Cardiomyopathy
- Cardiovascular abnormalities
- Caries
- Carpal hyperextension
- Cartilage development compromised
- Catalase activity (reduced)
- Cataracts
- Cecal enlargement
- Central nervous system lesions
- Cerebellar agenesis
- Cerebellar ataxia
- Cerebellar coning (herniation)
- Cerebral edema
- Cerebral palsy
- Cerebrovascular infarction
- Ceruloplasmin (serum)-Reduced
- Cheilitis
- Chest pain
- Chest tightness
- Chewing constantly
- Chewing uncoordinated
- Cholangitis
- Cholesterol ratio change
- Cholinesterase-Reduced activity
- Chondrodystrophy
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Chvostek sign
- Circling
- Circulatory failure
- Cirrhosis
- Choreoathetosis
- Cleft palate/lip
- Cloacal prolapse
- Club foot
- Clumsiness worsens
- Coagulation/clotting time-Prolonged
- Coagulopathy
- Cognitive impairment/deficits
- Collagen synthesis reduced
- Collapse/fainting/syncope
- Colloid depletion
- Color vision loss (color blindness)
- Coma
- Concentration loss
- Conception rate-Low
- Confusion
- Congenital malformations
- Congestion (eyes)
- Congestion (internal organs)
- Congestion (pulmonary)
- Conjunctivitis
- Conjunctival edema (chemosis)
- Consciousness changes
- Consolidation (lungs)
- Constipation
- Convulsions (fits)
- Copper accumulation in body tissues
- Copper-Low plasma concentrations
- Copper-Low liver concentrations
- Corneal lesions
- Coronary band inflammation
- Cough
- Cracks on palms of hands and soles of feet
- Cranial nerve palsies
- Creatine kinase (CK)
- Creatinine-High blood concentrations
- Cretinism
- Crystalluria
- Curled toe paralysis
- Cyanosis
- Cytochrome C in tissues (decreased amounts)
- Cytochrome CYT P450 change
- Cytokine-Increased activity.
- Cytokine suppression
- Cytotoxic effects
- Deafness/hearing loss
- Death
- Decubital ulcers
- Defecation frequency reduced
- Dehydration
- Delayed gastric emptying
- Delirium
- Delusions
- Dementia
- Demyelination nervous tissue
- Dendriform pulmonary ossification
- Dental abnormalities
- Depression
- Depth perception-Loss
- Dermatitis
- Dexterity loss
- Diarrhea/scours
- Dilated pupils/miosis
- Diplopia
- Disorientation (directional)
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- Dizziness
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) damage
- Dropped wings
- Drowsiness
- Dry mouth
- Dullness
- Duodenal ulcers
- Dwarfism
- Dysarthria
- Dysgeusia
- Dysmenorrhoea
- Dysphagia
- Dysphonia
- Dyspnoea
- Dyspraxia (speech impediment)
- Dystocia
- Ear drooping
- ECG changes
- Eczema
- Edema
- Egg production-Poor quality/reduced
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Emaciation
- Embolism
- Embryotoxicity
- Emotional lability
- Emphysema
- Encephalopathy
- Endomyocarditis
- Endurance activity reduced
- Enteropathy
- Eosinophilia
- Epigastric pain
- Epiphyseal dysplasia
- Epiphyseal plate widened
- Epistaxis
- Erectile dysfunction
- Erythema
- Erythrocyte abnormalities
- Erythrocytopenia
- Erythropoiesis impaired
- Eschar
- Esophageal impaction
- Esophagitis
- Esophageal perforation
- Estradiol hormone-Reduced synthesis
- Estrus abnormalities
- Excitability
- Exhaustion
- Exophthalmia
- Exostosis
- Expectoration
- Extensor rigidity
- Exudate formation
- Eye irritation
- Eyelid drooping
- Facial deformity
- Facial expression changes
- Falling off perch
- Falling to recumbency
- Falls
- Fanconi syndrome
- Fasciculations
- Fatigue
- Fatty liver
- Fat infiltration of muscle
- Feather abnormalities
- Fetal abnormalities
- Fetal death rate increased
- Fetal resorption
- Fetal size reduced
- Fever.
- Fibrosis-Tissue
- Fibrous osteodystrophy (replacement bone with fibrous tissue)
- Fin and skin erosions
- Fingernail changes
- Flatus
- Fluid losses
- Flushes
- Folic acid-Low in serum
- Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-Increased production
- Food conversion efficacy reduced
- Food intake decreased (anorexia
- inappetence)
- Food intake increased
- Food utilization-Decreased
- Foot pad changes
- Forgetfulness
- Fractures
- Free radical formation
- Fur chewing
- Gait abnormalities
- Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increased activity
- Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
- Gangrene
- Garlic smell on breath/alliaceous breath
- Gastric achlorhydria
- Gastric atrophy
- Gastric carcinoma
- Gastric hemorrhage
- Gastric hyperkeratosis
- Gastric hyperplasia
- Gastrointestinal obstruction
- Gastric pain
- Gastric perforation
- Gastric ulcers
- Gastritis
- Gastrointestinal dysfunction
- Gastrointestinal fibrosis
- Gastrointestinal inflammation and ulceration
- Gastrointestinal tract desquamation/necrosis
- Giant cell infiltration
- Giddiness
- Gill filament degeneration
- Gingivitis
- Gliosis
- Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)-Reduced
- Glomerulonephritis
- Glossitis-Inflamed tongue
- Glucose-6-phosphatase-Decreased
- Glucose tolerance-Impaired
- Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in serum (SGOT)
- Glutamic pyruvic transaminase in serum (SGPT)-Increased
- Glutathione peroxidase-In serum decreased activity
- Glutathione peroxidase-In serum increased activity
- Glycosuria
- Goiter
- Gout
- Granulocytopenia
- Granuloma formation
- Growth impairment/retardation/poor weight gain
- GSH-px blood concentration-Decreased
- GSH-R blood concentration-Decreased
- Gum disease
- Hair coat changes
- Halitosis
- Hallucinations
- Headaches
- Head pressing
- Head retention
- Head shaking
- Head tilt
- Head tremors.