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Understanding faults : detecting, dating, and modeling /
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Amsterdam, Netherlands :
Elsevier,
[2020]
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Front Cover; Understanding Faults; Understanding Faults; Copyright; Contents; List of contributors; Preface; 1
- Introduction; Definition of a fault surface, fault kinematics and displacement; References; 2
- Fault mechanics and earthquakes; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Fractures; 2.3 From intact rocks to opening-mode fractures to faults; 2.3.1 Griffith cracks; 2.3.2 The Coulomb failure criterion and the Mohr circle; 2.3.3 Hydrofractures; 2.3.4 Stress state and dynamic fault classification of Anderson; 2.3.5 Wallace-Bott hypothesis; 2.4 Fault zone processes and structure; 2.4.1 The fault zone
- 2.4.2 Principal slip surface2.4.3 Pseudotachylites; 2.4.4 Strain hardening/strain softening of the fault core; 2.4.5 Fault surface geometry and roughness; 2.4.6 The process zone; 2.4.7 Deformation bands; 2.4.8 Fault groups and their characterization; 2.4.8.1 Fault arrangement and fractal geometry; 2.4.9 Fault evolution with depth; 2.4.10 Fault-related folding; 2.5 Fault movement and seismicity; 2.5.1 Fault rupture; 2.5.1.1 The seismic cycle; 2.5.1.2 Barriers and asperities; 2.5.2 Fault creep; 2.5.3 Slow earthquakes
- 2.5.4 The Cosserat theory as a concept to describe fault and deformation band behaviour2.5.5 Large overthrusts and the effect of fluid pressure; 2.6 Faults in soft-sediments; References; 3
- Fault detection; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Active seismics; 3.2.1 Seismic method; 3.2.2 Resolution; 3.2.3 Seismic imaging of faults; 3.2.4 Imaging of faults
- 2-D and 3-D; 3.2.5 Fracture detection; 3.3 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR); 3.3.1 Principle; 3.3.2 Imaging of faults; 3.3.3 Examples; 3.4 Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT); 3.4.1 Background
- 3.4.2 Large-scale fault imaging with structural information3.5 Gravimetry and magnetics; 3.5.1 Gravity and magnetic anomalies
- definition and instruments for measurement; 3.5.2 Gravity and magnetic anomalies
- interpretation; 3.6 Seismology; 3.6.1 Detecting and illuminating faults by earthquake hypocentre distribution; 3.6.1.1 Localization of earthquakes; 3.6.1.2 What can be learnt from earthquakes?; 3.6.1.2.1 Spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes; 3.6.2 Describing faults by interpretation of source mechanisms; 3.6.2.1 The mechanics of earthquakes
- 3.6.2.2 The concept of the double couple3.6.2.3 Determination of focal mechanisms; 3.6.2.4 Styles of faulting; 3.6.2.5 The concept of the moment tensor; 3.6.3 Examples of detecting faults using hypocentre distributions and focal mechanisms; 3.6.3.1 Vogtland/NW-Bohemia swarm earthquake area; 3.6.3.2 Central Apennines, Italy; 3.7 Remote sensing; 3.7.1 History and background of remote sensing; 3.7.2 Instruments and data; 3.7.2.1 Active and passive sensor technologies; 3.7.3 Fault mapping and kinematics; 3.7.3.1 Fault mapping; 3.7.3.2 Topography; 3.7.3.3 Fault kinematics analysis
- 3.7.4 Summary and outlook