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Lactose : evolutionary role, health effects, and applications /
'Lactose: Evolutionary Role, Health Effects, and Applications' is a professional reference that addresses the latest research from the fields of food science, nutritional science, and evolutionary biology. The book presents an overview of the qualities of lactose, beginning with the intrig...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
London :
Academic Press,
[2019]
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Front Cover; Lactose; Copyright Page; Contents; List of contributors; Foreword; Preface; 1 The evolution of lactose digestion; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Evolutionary origins of milk and lactose; 1.3 Dietary shifts in human prehistory; 1.3.1 Lower Paleolithic; 1.3.2 Middle Paleolithic; 1.3.3 Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic; 1.3.4 Neolithic; 1.4 Domestication of plants and animals leading to dairying; 1.4.1 Plant domestication; 1.4.2 Animal domestication; 1.5 Archeological evidence of dairying and milk consumption; 1.5.1 Milk lipids recovered from fragments of pottery; 1.6 Herd mortality profiles
- 1.7 Direct archeological evidence of milk consumption-dental calculus1.8 Summary of archeological data; 1.9 Lactase persistence; 1.9.1 Molecular basis of lactase persistence; 1.9.2 The distribution of lactase persistence alleles; 1.9.3 When did lactase persistence alleles arise?; 1.9.4 Strength of selection estimates; 1.10 Positive selection favoring lactase persistence; 1.10.1 The cultural-historical hypothesis; 1.10.2 Calcium assimilation hypothesis; 1.10.3 Climate aridity hypothesis; 1.10.4 Famine diarrhea hypothesis; 1.10.5 Malaria resistance hypothesis
- 1.10.6 Phlorizin digestion hypothesis1.10.7 Galactose gut microbiome health hypothesis; 1.11 Conclusion; References; 2 Digestion, absorption, metabolism, and physiological effects of lactose; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Digestion of lactose by intestinal lactase in mammalian hosts; 2.2.1 Nomenclature, structure, and catalytic activity of the intestinal brush border enzyme lactase; 2.2.2 Biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation, and maturation of lactase; 2.2.3 Enzyme substrates and catalytic sites of lactase; 2.2.4 Hormonal regulation of lactase function
- 2.4.4 End products of intestinal lactose fermentation and their effects on the host2.5 Physiological effects of lactose and its metabolites and impact on human health; 2.5.1 Effect of lactose on taste and the reward system; 2.5.2 Cariogenic effects of lactose compared to other sugars; 2.5.3 Glycemic index of lactose and implications for metabolic health; 2.5.4 Role of lactose in energy supply and endurance; 2.5.5 Functions involving galactose; 2.5.5.1 Glycosphingolipids containing galactose and ceramide (N-acylsphingosine)