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Optical wireless communications for broadband global internet connectivity : fundamentals and potential applications /

Optical Wireless Communications for Broadband Global Internet Connectivity: Fundamental and Potential Applications provides a comprehensive overview for readers who require information about the fundamental science behind optical wireless communications, as well as up-to-date advanced knowledge of t...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Majumdar, Arun K. (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Amsterdam : Elsevier, [2019]
Temas:
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Front Cover
  • Optical Wireless Communications for Broadband Global Internet Connectivity
  • Optical Wireless Communications for Broadband Global Internet Connectivity
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • Biography
  • ABOUT THE AUTHOR
  • Affiliations and Expertise
  • Preface
  • 1
  • Introduction
  • 1.1 INTRODUCTION
  • References
  • 2
  • Basics of Worldwide Broadband Wireless Access Independent of Terrestrial Limitations
  • 2.1 INTRODUCTION
  • 2.1.1 Need and Geographic and Socioeconomic Challenges to Achieve Global Access to the Internet
  • 2.2 OPTICAL WIRELESS COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
  • 2.3 OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM FOR GLOBAL BROADBAND ACCESS TO THE INTERNET: VARIOUS SCENARIOS
  • 2.3.1 Establishing a Global All-Optical Broadband Network Around the World
  • 2.4 THE OPTICAL WIRELESS CHANNEL FOR PROVIDING BROADBAND ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: ALL-OPTICAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
  • 2.4.1 Some Basics of Network Architecture
  • 2.4.2 Some Examples of Network Types
  • 2.4.3 Network Categories
  • 2.4.3.1 Personal Area Network
  • 2.4.3.2 Local Area Network
  • 2.4.3.3 Metropolitan Area Network
  • 2.4.3.4 Wide Area Network
  • 2.4.4 The Internet
  • 2.4.4.1 Internet Architecture
  • 2.4.4.2 Basic Networking Concepts in Internet
  • 2.4.4.3 Configurations of Wireless Networks
  • 2.4.4.4 Communications, Networks, and the Internet: Some Basics
  • 2.4.4.5 How Do Computer Networks and the Internet Operate Together to Communicate?
  • 2.4.4.6 Technical Trends for Broadband Access Technologies: Broadband Wireline Access Networks and Broadband Wireless Access Networks
  • 2.4.4.7 A Broadband Home Access Architecture: Basic Principles
  • 2.4.4.8 A Broadband Home Access Architecture
  • 2.5 SUMMARY
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • 3
  • Last-Mile Problem Revisited With Potential Solution for Broadband Connectivity
  • 3.1 INTRODUCTION
  • 3.2 THE LAST-MILE PROBLEM.
  • 3.2.1 Atmospheric Effects on Free-Space Optical Communication Relevant to Last-Mile Problem: Analysis of All-Weather Broadband Fr ...
  • 3.2.1.1 Impulse Response Function in the Case of Multiple Scattering
  • 3.2.2 Possible Solutions for the Last-Mile Problem
  • 3.2.2.1 Direct Fixed Point Terminals for Covering Long Range
  • 3.2.2.1.1 Small Cells and Mesh Networks Solution
  • 3.2.2.1.2 Wide Field-of-View Amplified Fiber-Retromodulator Unit
  • 3.2.2.2 Small-Cells Networks
  • 3.2.2.3 Mesh Network
  • 3.2.2.3.1 Other Related Solutions for Last-Mile
  • 3.2.2.3.1.1 Hybrid Optical Communication System
  • 3.2.2.3.1.2 Multichannel FSO Communication System in Backhaul for a Potential Solution for the Last-Mile
  • 3.2.2.3.1.3 OFDM-FSO System for the Last-Mile Problem
  • References
  • 4
  • Fundamentals of Free-Space Optical Communications Systems, Optical Channels, Characterization, and Network/Acce ...
  • 4.1 INTRODUCTION
  • 4.2 FREE-SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS: VARIOUS TYPES FOR DIFFERENT OPTICAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
  • 4.3 POINT-TO-POINT AND POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN BUILDINGS (SHORT RANGE)
  • 4.4 INDOOR COMMUNICATION LINK
  • 4.5 TERRESTRIAL FREE-SPACE OPTICAL LINKS
  • 4.6 LONGER RANGE (HORIZONTAL AND SLANT PATH) FREE-SPACE OPTICAL LINKS: VARIOUS FREE-SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SCENARIOS
  • 4.6.1 Space Link
  • 4.7 AIRBORNE-TO-GROUND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  • 4.7.1 UAV Scenarios for Free-Space Optical Communication Links
  • 4.7.1.1 Ground-to-Unmanned Air Vehicle Mobile Free-Space Optical Channel
  • 4.7.1.2 Unmanned Air Vehicle-to-Ground Free-Space Optical Communication Link
  • 4.7.1.3 Unmanned Air Vehicle Swarms: Links Between Unmanned Air Vehicles
  • 4.7.1.4 Free-Space Optical Between Unmanned Air Vehicles
  • 4.7.2 Last-Mile Problem: Fiber Gateway Location-to-Optical Ground Station for Internet Connectivity.
  • 4.8 TERRESTRIAL AND SPACE PROPAGATION: POINT-POINT/AIRBORNE AND SPACE PLATFORMS TO GROUND PROPAGATION PATH: FREE-SPACE OPTICAL ...
  • 4.8.1 Free-Space Optical Transmitting Beam Types
  • 4.8.2 Review of Optical Propagation Relevant to Free-Space Optical Communications Systems Analysis
  • 4.8.3 Review Physics of Optical Propagation Through Atmospheric Turbulence
  • 4.8.3.1 Tatarskii Spectrum
  • 4.9 EFFECTS OF OPTICAL PROPAGATION THROUGH ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE RELEVANT TO FREE-SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS
  • 4.9.1 Scintillation Index
  • 4.9.1.1 Case of Strong Turbulence
  • 4.10 EFFECTS OF FREE-SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SIGNAL TEMPORAL FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
  • 4.11 EFFECTS OF PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTION MODELS FOR INTENSITY FLUCTUATIONS RELEVANT TO FREE-SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
  • 4.11.1 Received Signal-to-Noise-Ratio and Bit Error Rate
  • 4.11.2 Relationship Between Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Bit Error Rate
  • 4.11.3 Probability of Fade
  • 4.11.4 Airborne-Ground Propagation Path: Slant Propagation
  • 4.12 SATELLITE-BASED FREE-SPACE LASER COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  • 4.13 ESSENTIAL RESULTS OF ATMOSPHERIC OPTICAL PROPAGATION RELEVANT TO LASER SATELLITE COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
  • 4.13.1 Uplink and Downlink Optical Wave Models for Free-Space Optical Communication System Performance
  • 4.13.1.1 Mean Irradiance and Beam Spreading Due to Turbulence
  • 4.13.2 Scintillation Index
  • 4.13.2.1 Uplink Scintillation Index and Beam Wander
  • 4.13.3 Fluctuation Statistics and Probability of Fade
  • 4.13.3.1 Satellite-Based Free-Space Optical Communication Performance Parameters Relevant to Internet Connectivity
  • 4.13.3.2 Recent Design Technology Concepts for Gigabit Laser Internet Connectivity in Space/Airborne Path
  • 4.13.4 Intersatellite Links.
  • 4.13.4.1 Orbital Angular Momentum for Atmospheric Free-Space Optical Communication System: Potential Scheme for Gigabit Range Data Rate
  • 4.13.5 Atmospheric Propagation Characteristics of Different Backhaul Free-Space Optical Communication Links and Network
  • 4.13.6 High-Altitude Platform System Architecture
  • 4.13.7 Satellite-to-High-Altitude Platform Propagation and Communication Performance
  • 4.13.8 Performance Parameters for High-Altitude Platform-Satellite Propagation and Communication Link
  • 4.13.9 Unmanned Air Vehicle-To-Ground and Between Unmanned Air Vehicles Free-Space Optical Propagation Characteristics and Communi ...
  • 4.13.9.1 Links Between UAVs and Ground Stations
  • 4.13.9.2 Atmospheric Turbulence Modeling for Unmanned Air Vehicle Slant Path and Average Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Bit Error Rate Expre ...
  • 4.13.9.3 FSO Communication Links Between Flying UAVs: BER and Adaptive Beam Divergence Analysis
  • 4.13.9.4 Atmospheric Propagation Characteristics Between Two Unmanned Air Vehicles: Bit Error Rate and Signal-To-Noise Ratio Calcula ...
  • 4.13.10 Adaptive Beam Divergence Technique for Inter-Unmanned Air Vehicle Free-Space Optical Communication Link
  • 4.13.11 Some Issues and Comments in Establishing Unmanned Air Vehicle Communication Links
  • 4.13.12 Airborne Lasercom Terminal Network Link
  • 4.13.13 Atmospheric Propagation Characteristics Relevant to Airborne Laser Communication Systems Performance
  • 4.13.13.1 Constellation of Satellites/Small Satellites
  • 4.13.13.2 Global Coverage for Free-Space Optical communication Between Constellation of Low Earth Orbit Small Satellites and Earth St ...
  • 4.13.13.3 Recent Updates Regarding Constellation of Small Satellites for High Data Rate Laser Communications to Remote Places.
  • 4.13.13.4 New Concept Technology for Free-Space Optical Communications Using a Constellation of Small Satellites
  • 4.13.13.5 Balloons for Establishing Free-Space Optical Communications in Remote Places
  • 4.14 CONCLUSIONS
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • 5
  • All-Optical Broadband Global Communications for Internet Connectivity: Free-Space Optic Links and Optical Netwo ...
  • 5.1 INTRODUCTION
  • 5.2 VARIOUS TYPES OF FREE-SPACE OPTICAL SYSTEMS FOR DIFFERENT NETWORK ARCHITECTURES: SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS, FREE-SPACE OPTIC ...
  • 5.2.1 Integrated All-Optical Satellite/Airborne, Terrestrial Local Area Network and Home Network Conceptual System Scheme
  • 5.2.2 Major Challenges for Efficient System Integration of All the Systems
  • 5.3 CONCEPT ARCHITECTURES FOR ALL-OPTICAL FREE-SPACE OPTICAL SYSTEMS TO ACHIEVE GLOBAL INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
  • 5.3.1 Indoor Optical Communications: Visible Light Communication and Li-Fi
  • 5.3.2 Infrared and Visible Light Communication High Data Rate Indoor Communications
  • 5.3.3 Li-Fi: Toward All-Optical Networks for Internet Connectivity
  • 5.3.3.1 Li-Fi Basics
  • 5.3.3.2 Li-Fi Internet Connectivity and Network Architectures: How Li-Fi Sources Create Hotspots for Internet
  • 5.3.4 Optical Wireless for a Home Access Network
  • 5.3.4.1 Broadband Li-Fi-Based Wireless Access to Streetlights, Moving Platforms
  • 5.4 INTEGRATION ARCHITECTURES FOR IN-BUILDING OPTICAL WIRELESS ACCESS NETWORKS: A BIG PICTURE
  • 5.4.1 Internet Connectivity From Home-Based, Ground-Fixed, Ground-Mobile, Man-Portable Terminals
  • 5.4.2 Basic Architecture of Broadband Optical Wireless Access
  • 5.4.3 Infrared LED/LD and Visible Light Communications Technology
  • 5.4.4 Architectures of Networks for Local Area Network, Metropolitan Area Network, and Wide Area Network With All-Optical Technol ...