Cargando…
Financing entrepreneurship and innovation in emerging markets /
Financing Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Markets offers an original perspective on the links between macro data on innovation, data on micro-entrepreneurial processes and venture capital supply. The authors synthesize two disparate fields of research and thinking-innovation and entrepre...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
London :
Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier,
2018.
|
| Edición: | First edition. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Technological Progress and Economic Development
- 1.2. Innovation and the Role of Transformational Entrepreneurship
- 1.3. Entrepreneurship and the Quality of the Business Environment
- 1.4. Origins of Transformational Entrepreneurs
- 1.5. Financing Entrepreneurship
- 1.6. Structure of the Book
- References
- pt. I Global Innovation Competitiveness
- 2. Global Innovation Competitiveness: How Emerging Economies Compare
- 2.1. Measuring Innovation
- 2.2. Global Innovation Index
- 2.2.1. Stability at the Top
- 2.2.2. Innovation is Becoming More Global but Divides Remain
- 2.2.3. High-Quality Innovation Continues to Matter, and China is Catching up
- 2.2.4. Top Performers by Income Group
- 2.2.5. Clustering Leaders, Innovation Achievers, and Underperformers
- 2.3. Specific Characteristics of Innovation Systems in Emerging Countries
- 2.4. Tailoring Innovation Policies to the Needs of Developing Countries
- 2.5. Conclusion
- Appendix: The Global Innovation Index (GII) Conceptual Framework
- Rationale for the Global Innovation Index
- Inclusive Perspective on Innovation
- Gil Conceptual Framework
- Innovation Input Subindex
- References
- 3. Impact of Science and Technology Policies on Rapid Economic Development in China
- 3.1. Overview
- 3.2. Four Phases of China's S & T Policy Evolution
- 3.2.1. Experimental Phase (1978
- 85)
- 3.2.2. Systemic Reform Phase (1985
- 95)
- 3.2.3. Deepening Reform Phase (1996
- 2006)
- 3.2.4. Long-term Plan and Policy Optimization (2006
- 14)
- 3.3. Outcomes and Analysis of S & T Reform
- 3.3.1. S & T and R & D Investment
- 3.3.2. Innovation Results: Patents, Products, and Research Publications
- 3.3.3. Science Education
- 3.3.4. Cultivation of an R & D Workforce
- 3.4. What Other Countries can Learn From China
- 3.5. What China can Learn From Other Countries
- 3.6. Latest Reforms
- References
- 4. Tencent: A Giant Asserting Dominance
- 4.1. Milestones
- 4.1.1. Finding Its Identity
- 4.1.2. Funding Its Ambitions
- 4.1.3. Expanding Its Potential
- 4.1.4. Venture Capital Investments
- 4.2. Internationalization
- 4.2.1. Patent Applications
- An Early Effort to go Global
- 4.2.2. WeChat as a Tool for Internationalization
- 4.2.3. Investment in Gaming to Expand Global Footprint
- 4.3. China's Innovation Ecosystem
- 4.4. Tencent's Connected Universe and Unique Business Model
- 4.4.1. Gaming
- 4.4.2. Messaging and Social Networking
- 4.5. Supporting Businesses
- 4.5.1. Search Engine and Email
- 4.5.2. Software and Apps
- 4.5.3. Online-to-Offline (020) Services
- 4.5.4. Payment Platforms
- 4.5.5. Entertainment Platforms
- 4.6. Unique Business Model
- 4.7. Factors Contributing to Success
- 4.7.1. Innovation in Products and Services
- 4.7.2. Strong Leadership
- 4.8. Chinese Market and Possibilities
- 4.8.1. Growth of the Middle Class
- 4.8.2. Young Population
- 4.8.3. Shift to e-Commerce
- 4.9. Protected Environment
- 4.9.1. Collaborative Competition
- 4.9.2. Tencent and Baidu Against Alibaba
- 4.9.3. Tencent and Alibaba Against Baidu
- 4.10. Challenges
- 4.10.1. Challenges in Taking WeChat Global
- 4.10.2. Challenges in the Gaming Business
- 4.10.3. Challenges Faced in U.S. Market
- 4.11. Future
- Appendix
- References
- 5. Policies to Drive Innovation in India
- 5.1. Evolving Policy Landscape and Research and Development Growth
- 5.2. Review of Gil Findings and Pillars, and Their Impact on India's Ranking
- 5.3. Strengths and Weaknesses of India's Innovation Performance
- 5.3.1. Top Indian Universities
- 5.3.2. Publication Citations
- 5.3.3. Mobile Networks, Information Technology, and Broadband
- 5.3.4. Gross Capital Formation and Market Capitalization
- 5.3.5. Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises
- 5.3.6. Intellectual Property Rights
- 5.3.7. Access to Higher Education
- 5.4. Conclusions and the Way Forward
- References
- 6. Flipkart and the Race to the Top of Indian e-Commerce
- 6.1. Flipkart Today
- 6.2. Early Years and Funding
- 6.3. Becoming a Unicorn
- 6.3.1. Customer Focus
- 6.3.2. Introduction of Mobile Phones and Cash on Delivery
- 6.3.3. Introduction of Mobile Phones, Music, and Movies
- 6.3.4. Investment in Own Supply Chain
- 6.3.5. Branding
- 6.3.6. Expansion into Fashion and Lifestyle Products
- 6.4. External Motivators: A Supporting Environment in India
- 6.4.1. Availability of FDI
- 6.4.2. Increasing Youth and Working-age Population
- 6.4.3. Growing Economy
- 6.4.4. Global Shift to e-Commerce
- 6.4.5. Indians Embracing e-Commerce
- 6.4.6. Innovation Ecosystem
- 6.5. Amazon's Entry
- 6.6. Regulation Affecting Indian e-Commerce
- 6.7. Competitive Landscape in Indian e-Commerce
- 6.8. Flipkart's Response to the Changing e-Commerce Landscape
- 6.8.1. Change in Business Model Through Launch of Marketplace
- 6.8.2. Acquisition of Myntra
- 6.8.3. Billion-Dollar Round of Funding
- 6.8.4. First Signs of Trouble
- 6.8.5. Misstep of Going App-Only
- 6.8.6. Fall in Valuation
- 6.8.7. Ownership and Management Changes
- 6.8.8. Developing Its Own Business Model
- 6.9. Way Forward
- 6.9.1. Game Theory
- War of Attrition
- 6.9.2. New Entry/Consolidation
- 6.9.3. Impact of Future Policy Changes
- Appendix
- References
- pt. II Financing Entrepreneurship
- 7. Banks, Credit Constraints, and the Financial Technology's Evolving Role
- 7.1. Entrepreneurship and Finance
- 7.2. Credit Constraints and the Role of Banks
- 7.3. Microcredit
- 7.4. Financial Technology and Marketplace Lending
- 7.5. Conclusions
- References
- 8. Technology Startups, Innovation, and the Market for Venture Capital
- 8.1. What Do Venture Capitalists Do?
- 8.2. Industry Focus and the Role of Venture Capital in Fostering Innovation
- 8.3. Exporting the VC Model: The Emergence of VC Hotbeds in China and India
- 8.4. E-Commerce and the Role of the Internet
- 8.5. Next Frontier
- 8.6. Conclusions
- Appendix
- References
- 9. Corporate Venture Capital
- 9.1. Size and Evolution of the CVC Market
- 9.1.1. Market Size
- 9.1.2. Corporate Venture Cycles
- 9.2. Organizational Forms of Corporate Venturing
- 9.3. How Successful is Corporate Venturing?
- 9.4. Corporate Venturing in Emerging Markets
- 9.5. Conclusions
- References
- 10. Noninstitutional Forms of Entrepreneurial Finance: Angel Investments, Accelerators, and Equity Crowdfunding
- 10.1. Early-Stage Funding and Angel Investors
- 10.1.1. What Do Angel Investors Do?
- 10.1.2. Size of the Market for Angel Investments
- 10.1.3. Angel Financing's Impact
- 10.2. Accelerators
- 10.2.1. Basic Characteristics
- 10.2.2. How Successful are Accelerator Programs?
- 10.3. Crowd Investing
- 10.3.1. Business Model of Crowd Investing
- 10.3.2. Market Size and the Role of Regulation
- 10.4. Conclusions
- References
- 11. Role of Government
- 11.1. Market Failures and the Rationale for Government Intervention
- 11.2. Institutional Reform Aiming to Create an Active VC Market
- 11.3. Public Funding of Entrepreneurship
- 11.3.1. Government Loans and Loan Guarantees
- 11.3.2. Government as Venture Capitalist
- 11.3.3. Government-Sponsored Business Accelerators and Incubators
- 11.3.4. Role of Public Pension Funds and SWFs
- 11.4. Entrepreneurial Finance Provided by Development Finance Institutions and Multilateral Organizations
- 11.5. Conclusions
- Appendix
- References.