Natural gas engineering handbook /

The demand for energy consumption is increasing rapidly. To avoid the impending energy crunch, more producers are switching from oil to natural gas. While natural gas engineering is well documented through many sources, the computer applications that provide a crucial role in engineering design and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Guo, Boyun
Otros Autores: Ghalambor, Ali
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Houston, TX : Gulf Pub. Company, 2012.
Edición:2nd ed.
Temas:
Natural gas > Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Petroleum engineering > Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Gaz naturel > Guides, manuels, etc.
Technique du p�etrole > Guides, manuels, etc.
Natural gas
Petroleum engineering
CD-ROMs.
handbooks.
Handbooks and manuals
Handbooks and manuals.
Guides et manuels.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • 1 Introduction 1
  • 1.1 What Is Natural Gas? 1
  • 1.2 Utilization of Natural Gas 2
  • 1.3 Natural Gas Industry 4
  • 1.4 Natural Gas Reserves 5
  • 1.5 Types of Natural Gas Resources 6
  • 1.6 Future of the Natural Gas Industry 7
  • 2 Properties of Natural Gas 13
  • 2.1 Introduction 13
  • 2.2 Specific Gravity 13
  • 2.3 Pseudocritical Properties 14
  • 2.4 Viscosity 17
  • 2.5 Compressibility Factor 20
  • 2.6 Gas Density 26
  • 2.7 Formation Volume Factor and Expansion Factor 26
  • 2.8 Compressibility of Natural Gas 27
  • 2.9 Real Gas Pseudopressure 28
  • 2.10 Real Gas Normalized Pressure 30
  • 3 Gas Reservoir Deliverability 35
  • 3.1 Introduction 35
  • 3.2 Analytical Methods 35
  • 3.3 Empirical Methods 38
  • 3.4 Construction of Inflow Performance Relationship Curve 43
  • 3.5 Horizontal Wells 49
  • 3.6 Multi-Fractured Horizontal Wells 50
  • 3.7 Shale Gas Wells 54
  • 3.8 Well Deliverability Testing 56
  • 3.8.1 Flow-After-Flow Test 57
  • 3.8.2 Isochronal Test 59
  • 3.8.3 Modified Isochronal Test 61
  • 4 Wellbore Performance 67
  • 4.1 Introduction 67
  • 4.2 Single-Phase Gas Well 68
  • 4.2.1 The Average Temperature and Compressibility Factor Method 68
  • 4.2.2 The Cullender and Smith Method 72
  • 4.3 Mist Flow in Gas Wells 74
  • 5 Choke Performance 81
  • 5.1 Introduction 81
  • 5.2 Sonic and Subsonic Flow 81
  • 5.3 Dry Gas Flow through Chokes 82
  • 5.3.1 Subsonic Flow 82
  • 5.3.2 Sonic Flow 85
  • 5.3.3 Temperature at Choke 85
  • 5.3.4 Applications 86
  • 5.4 Wet Gas Flow through Chokes 92
  • 6 Well Deliverability 97
  • 6.1 Introduction 97
  • 6.2 Nodal Analysis 97
  • 6.2.1 Analysis with the Bottom Hole Node 98
  • 6.2.2 Analysis with Wellhead Node 101
  • 6.3 Production Forecast 106
  • 7 Separation 113
  • 7.1 Introduction 113
  • 7.2 Separation of Gas and Liquids 113
  • 7.2.1 Principles of Separation 114
  • 7.2.2 Types of Separators 115
  • 7.2.3 Factors Affecting Separation 118
  • 7.2.4 Separator Design 120
  • 7.3 Stage Separation 129
  • 7.4 Flash Calculation 131
  • 7.5 Low-Temperature Separation 138
  • 8 Dehydration 143
  • 8.1 Introduction 143
  • 8.2 Dehydration of Natural Gas 143
  • 8.2.1 Water Content of Natural Gas Streams 144
  • 8.2.2 Dehydration Systems 146
  • 8.2.3 Glycol Dehydrator Design 155
  • 8.3 Removal of Acid Gases 167
  • 8.3.1 Iron-Sponge Sweetening 168
  • 8.3.2 Alkanolamine Sweetening 168
  • 8.3.3 Glycol/Amine Process 169
  • 8.3.4 Sulfinol Process 170
  • 9 Compression and Cooling 173
  • 9.1 Introduction 173
  • 9.2 Types of Compressors 174
  • 9.3 Selection of Reciprocating Compressors 176
  • 9.3.1 Volumetric Efficiency 178
  • 9.3.2 Stage Compression 179
  • 9.3.3 Isentropic Horsepower 181
  • 9.4 Selection of Centrifugal Compressors 189
  • 9.5 Selection of Rotary Blowers 194
  • 10 Volumetric Measurement 199
  • 10.1 Introduction 199
  • 10.2 Measurement with Orifice Meters 199
  • 10.2.1 Orifice Equation 201
  • 10.2.2 Recording Charts 206
  • 10.2.3 Computation of Volumes 209
  • 10.2.4 Selection of Orifice Meter 212
  • 10.3 Other Methods of Measurement 212
  • 10.3.1 Displacement Metering 212
  • 10.3.2 Turbine Meter 214
  • 10.3.3 Elbow Meter 214
  • 10.4 Natural Gas Liquid Measurement 215
  • 11 Transportation 219
  • 11.1 Introduction 219
  • 11.2 Pipeline Design 219
  • 11.2.1 Sizing Pipelines 220
  • 11.2.2 Pipeline Wall Thickness 250
  • 11.3 Transportation of LNG 257
  • 12 Special Problems 263
  • 12.1 Introduction 263
  • 12.2 Liquid Loading on Gas Wells 263
  • 12.2.1 Turner's Method 264
  • 12.2.2 Guo's Method 267
  • 12.2.3 Comparison of Methods 273
  • 12.2.4 Solutions to the Liquid Loading Problem 275
  • 12.3 Hydrate Control 276
  • 12.3.1 Hydrate-Forming Conditions 277
  • 12.3.2 Preventing Hydrate Formation 281
  • 12.4 Pipeline Cleaning 287
  • 12.4.1 Pigging System 290
  • 12.4.2 Selection of Pigs 298
  • 12.4.3 Major Applications 306
  • 12.4.4 Pigging Procedure 310.

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