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Play-fighting /
Play Fighting considers the possible benefits of play for humans and animals. This book is divided into two main topics-animal play and human play. In these topics, this text specifically discusses the definition, evolution, and function of play; criteria of chasing and play fighting; function of la...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
New York :
Academic Press,
1975.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Front Cover; Play Fighting; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Ethological Methods; Acknowledgments; Figure and Quotation Credits; Part I: ANIMAL PLAY; CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION; Hors d'Oeuvres: The Benefits of Play; The Definition, Evolution, and Function of Play; Methods of Observation; First Things First: The Need for Elementary Observation and Description; CHAPTER 2. Chasing; Serious Flight; Pursuit; The Description of Chasing Play; Causal Factors in Chasing Games; Solitary Play Flight in Infants; CHAPTER 3. Mouthing; The Inhibition of Biting; Mouthing as a Reinforcement
- Being Mouthed as a ReinforcementCHAPTER 4. Wrestling; Maneuvering; Wrestling; Play Wrestling; Species Differences in Wrestling; CHAPTER 5. Predatory Specializations; Ambushing; Stalking; Forms of Seizing Prey; A Comparison of Play of Dogs and Cats; CHAPTER 6. Rotation, Sliding, and Vestibular Reinforcement; Vestibular Reinforcement during Active Responding: ""Rotational Acrobatics""; CHAPTER 7. Solitary Object Play, Exploration and Manipulation; Object Play Distinguished from Serious Exploration and Manipulation; Solitary Object Play; Serious Exploration and Manipulation
- The Spurious Correlation between Exploratory and Playful SpeciesExploration of Novel Stimuli by the Young; Learning in Object Play and Serious Exploration Compared; Combinations of Exploration, Manipulation, and Object Play; CHAPTER 8. Playful Competition for Objects; ""Pretending"" that an Object Has Reinforcement Value; Competition for Space: ""King of the Castle""; High-Order Play Attack; CHAPTER 9. Play Signals; The Function of Laughter in Human Play; Play Vocalizations; The Open-Mouthed Play Face; Tail Signals; Ritualized Body Movements; Circumstances that Lead to Play Signaloing
- CHAPTER 10. Play Groups and Sex Differences in PlayPlay Groups in Primates; Sex Differences; Carnivores; CHAPTER 11. Adult Play; Mother-Infant Play; Play between Adults; Courtship Play; Social Bonds; Arousal Function in Pack-Hunting Carnivores; CHAPTER 12. Motivation; Play in Relation to the Primary Drives; Slight Degrees of Fear and Novelty; Play Drives; CHAPTER 13. Definition and Evolution; Types of Definition; Defining Criteria of Chasing and Play Fighting; ""Pretending"" in Animal Play; Key Stimuli and Motivation; Behaviors that Should Not Be Classified as Play
- Jumps, Turns, Running without Chasing, and Vestibular PlayThe Preconditions for the Evolution of Play; The Evolution of Play and Gerotony; Species Comparisons of Play; Summary: ""Natural Divisions"" in the Continuum; Anthropomorphic Definitions of Animal Play; The Frequency of Play in Different Species; CHAPTER 14. Immature Sexual Behavior; Misleading Similarities between Early Sexual Behavior and Play; Clear-Cut Differences between Immature Sexual Behavior and Play; CHAPTER 15.. Function; Species with Little or No Play Compared with Playful Species; Training for Predatory Specializations