QOS-enabled networks : tools and foundations /
With a foreword by Kannan Kothandaraman "This is the first book about QOS that I actually enjoyed reading precisely because the authors focused on real-life QoS and not in academic discussions about it." Per Nihlen, IP Network Manager, NORDUnet The new authoritative, practical guide to del...
Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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Autores principales: | , |
Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
Idioma: | Inglés |
Publicado: |
Chichester, West Sussex, UK :
John Wiley & Sons Inc.,
2016.
|
Edición: | Second edition. |
Temas: | |
Acceso en línea: | Texto completo (Requiere registro previo con correo institucional) |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- About the Authors x
- Foreword xi
- Preface xiii
- Acknowledgments xv
- Abbreviations xvi
- Part I THE QOS REALM 1
- 1 The QOS World 3
- 1.1 Operation and Signaling 4
- 1.2 Standards and Per?]Hop Behavior 5
- 1.3 Traffic Characterization 8
- 1.4 A Router without QOS 11
- 1.5 Conclusion 12
- References 12
- Further Reading 12
- 2 The QOS Tools 13
- 2.1 Classifiers and Classes of Service 13
- 2.2 Metering and Coloring--CIR/PIR Model 15
- 2.3 The Policer Tool 16
- 2.4 The Shaper Function 17
- 2.5 Comparing Policing and Shaping 18
- 2.6 Queue 19
- 2.7 The Scheduler 21
- 2.8 The Rewrite Tool 21
- 2.9 Example of Combining Tools 23
- 2.10 Delay and Jitter Insertion 27
- 2.11 Packet Loss 31
- 2.12 Conclusion 32
- Reference 33
- 3 Challenges 34
- 3.1 Defining the Classes of Service 35
- 3.2 Classes of Service and Queues Mapping 37
- 3.3 Inherent Delay Factors 40
- 3.4 Congestion Points 46
- 3.5 Trust Borders 49
- 3.6 Granularity Levels 51
- 3.7 Control Traffic 53
- 3.8 Trust, Granularity, and Control Traffic 54
- 3.9 Conclusion 56
- Further Reading 56
- 4 Special Traffic Types and Networks 57
- 4.1 Layer 4 Transport Protocols: UDP and TCP 58
- 4.1.1 The TCP Session 61
- 4.1.2 TCP Congestion Mechanism 64
- 4.1.3 TCP Congestion Scenario 65
- 4.1.4 TCP and QOS 66
- 4.2 Data Center 67
- 4.2.1 SAN Traffic 68
- 4.2.2 Lossless Ethernet Networks 69
- 4.2.3 Virtualization 71
- 4.2.4 Software Defined Networks 73
- 4.2.5 DC and QOS 74
- 4.3 Real?]Time Traffic 74
- 4.3.1 Control and Data Traffic 75
- 4.3.2 Voice over IP 76
- 4.3.3 IPTV 78
- 4.3.4 QOS and Real?]Time Traffic 79
- Reference 80
- Further Reading 80
- Part II TOOLS 81
- 5 Classifiers 83
- 5.1 Packet QOS Markings 84
- 5.2 Inbound Interface Information 85
- 5.3 Deep Packet Inspection 87
- 5.4 Selecting Classifiers 88
- 5.5 The QOS Network Perspective 89
- 5.6 MPLS DiffServ?]TE 92
- 5.7 Mixing Different QOS Realms 94
- 5.8 Conclusion 99
- References 100
- 6 Policing and Shaping 101.
- 6.1 Token Buckets 101
- 6.2 Traffic Bursts 106
- 6.3 Dual?]Rate Token Buckets 109
- 6.4 Shapers and Leaky Buckets 110
- 6.5 Excess Traffic and Oversubscription 112
- 6.6 Comparing and Applying Policer and Shaper Tools 113
- 6.7 Conclusion 116
- Reference 116
- 7 Queuing and Scheduling 117
- 7.1 Queuing and Scheduling Concepts 117
- 7.2 Packets and Cellification 119
- 7.3 Different Types of Queuing Disciplines 121
- 7.4 FIFO 121
- 7.5 FQ 123
- 7.6 PQ 125
- 7.7 WFQ 127
- 7.8 WRR 128
- 7.9 DWRR 131
- 7.10 PB?]DWRR 137
- 7.11 Conclusions about the Best Queuing Discipline 141
- Further Reading 142
- 8 Advanced Queuing Topics 143
- 8.1 Hierarchical Scheduling 143
- 8.2 Queue Lengths and Buffer Size 146
- 8.3 Dynamically Sized versus Fixed?]Size Queue Buffers 149
- 8.4 RED 150
- 8.5 Using RED with TCP Sessions 152
- 8.6 Differentiating Traffic inside a Queue with WRED 154
- 8.7 Head versus Tail RED 156
- 8.8 Segmented and Interpolated RED Profiles 158
- 8.9 Conclusion 160
- Reference 161
- Further Reading 161
- Part III CASE STUDIES 163
- 9 The VPLS Case Study 165
- 9.1 High?]Level Case Study Overview 166
- 9.2 Virtual Private Networks 167
- 9.3 Service Overview 168
- 9.4 Service Technical Implementation 170
- 9.5 Network Internals 171
- 9.6 Classes of Service and Queue Mapping 172
- 9.7 Classification and Trust Borders 174
- 9.8 Admission Control 175
- 9.9 Rewrite Rules 176
- 9.10 Absorbing Traffic Bursts at the Egress 179
- 9.11 Queues and Scheduling at Core?]Facing Interfaces 179
- 9.12 Queues and Scheduling at Customer?]Facing Interfaces 182
- 9.13 Tracing a Packet through the Network 183
- 9.14 Adding More Services 186
- 9.15 Multicast Traffic 188
- 9.16 Using Bandwidth Reservations 190
- 9.17 Conclusion 191
- Further Reading 191
- 10 Case Study QOS in the Data Center 192
- 10.1 The New Traffic Model for Modern Data Centers 192
- 10.2 The Industry Consensus about Data Center Design 196
- 10.3 What Causes Congestion in the Data Center? 199.
- 10.3.1 Oversubscription versus Microbursts 199
- 10.3.2 TCP Incast Problem 202
- 10.4 Conclusions 205
- Further Reading 207
- 11 Case Study IP RAN and Mobile Backhaul QOS 208
- 11.1 Evolution from 2G to 4G 208
- 11.2 2G Network Components 209
- 11.3 Traffic on 2G Networks 211
- 11.4 3G Network Components 211
- 11.5 Traffic on 3G Networks 215
- 11.6 LTE Network Components 216
- 11.7 LTE Traffic Types 219
- 11.8 LTE Traffic Classes 220
- 11.9 Conclusion 224
- References 227
- Further Reading 227
- 12 Conclusion 228
- Index 230.