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The business of media distribution : monetizing film, TV, and video content in an online world /
"The Business of Media Distribution, Second Edition BCC: "Endorsements" Transform your concepts into profits! Take charge of the film and television industry's most undervalued revenue generator: media distribution. In this updated edition of a bestselling industry staple, experi...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Burlington, MA :
Focal Press,
2013.
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| Edición: | 2nd ed. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo (Requiere registro previo con correo institucional) |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Machine generated contents note: 1. Market Opportunity and Segmentation: The Diverse Role of Studios and Networks
- Introduction
- Market Opportunity and Segmenting the Market
- Defining Studios by Their Distribution Infrastructure
- What Does Distribution Really Mean?
- Range of Activities
- Distribution Encompasses Many Markets
- Relative Size of Distribution Revenue Streams
- Overhead
- Pipeline
- Need for Control
- Joint Ventures
- Demise of Historic Joint Ventures
- Branding and Scale Needs: Online Giving Rise to a New Era of Joint Ventures?
- Studios as Defined by Range of Product
- Quantity
- Range of Labels and Relationships
- Pipeline and Portfolio
- Brand Creation versus Brand Extension
- Windows and Film Ultimates: Life-Cycle Management of Intellectual Property Assets
- Film: Primary Distribution Windows
- Film Revenue Cycle
- Shifting Windows
- Television: Channels Defined by Range and Quantity of Product Plus Reach and Specialization
- Defining Networks by Product, Reach, and Range of Budgets
- Product Portfolio Strategy: Brand Extension versus Brand Creation
- Television Windows and Life-Cycle Revenues
- Internet and Other Digital Access Points
- 2. Intellectual Property Assets Enabling Distribution: The Business of Creating, Marketing, and Protecting an Idea
- The Development Process
- Development in Stages
- Development in the Context of Distribution
- Is Online Different?
- Development Guidelines
- Development Costs
- Optioning Properties
- Efficiency of Options
- Marketing Ideas (aka Pitching)
- Rhythm of the Story, Walk Me Through the Story
- Toy Story as an Example
- Protecting Content: Copyright, Piracy, and Related Issues
- Copyright
- Streaming Live TV
- the Threat of Enabling Cord-Cutting
- Trademarks
- Piracy and Fighting Illegal Copying and Downloads
- 3. Financing Production: Studios and Networks as Venture Capitalists
- Overview
- Principal Methods of Financing Films
- Principal Methods of Financing Online Production
- Variety of Financing Methods as a Response to Difficulty and Risks in Predicting Success of Experience Goods
- Challenge Exacerbated in Selecting which Product to Produce
- Studio Financing
- Classic Production
- Financing
- Distribution Deal
- Studio Financing of Production Slate; Studio Coproductions
- Independent Financing
- Foreign Pre-Sales
- Ancillary Advances
- Negative Pickups
- Third-Party Credit
- Banks, Angels, and a Mix of Private Equity
- Crowdsourcing
- Leveraging Production with International Coproduction Financing
- the Wachowskis' Experiment with Cloud Atlas
- Rent-a-Distributor: When a Producer Rises to Studio-Like Clout
- Reduced Distribution Fees are Key to the Deal
- Funding Ensures Tapping into 100 Percent of Revenue Streams
- Television: How and Why Does it Differ?
- Network, Cable, and Pay TV Financing
- Deficit and Risk Continuum
- TV and Online's Relatively Lower-Risk Profile
- The Wrinkles of Coproduction
- Case A A Party Invests in Production in Return for an Equity Stake
- Case B A Party Invests in a Production in Return for Distribution Rights
- Case C When There is Creative and/or Production Collaboration Between Parties with Respect to a Production
- Online's Relatively Low Coproduction Quotient
- 4. Theatrical Distribution
- Theatrical Release as a Loss-Leader
- Basic Definitions and the Uneasy Tension between Distribution and Production
- The Theatrical Release Challenge
- Locomotive for Awareness While Profits Remain Downstream
- Hedging Bets and Profiling Release Patterns
- History and Market Evolution
- Consent Decrees, Block Booking, and Blind Bidding
- Multiplexes and Bankruptcies of Major Chains
- The Digital Divide and Digital Cinema
- Distributor-Exhibitor Splits/Deals
- Components of Film Rental
- 90/10 Minimum Guarantee Deals
- Aggregates: Alternative to 90/10 Deals with House Nut
- Firm Terms versus Settlement
- Four-Wall Structure
- Release Strategy and Timing
- Factors in When to Release
- The Online and Digital Speed Factor
- Records Are Not What They Used to Be
- Dissecting Opening Weekends
- Theatrical Booking
- Locations, Types of Runs, Length of Runs, Frenzy of Booking
- Prints and Screen Counts
- Per-Screen Averages
- Decay Curves and Drop-Offs
- Managing the Release
- International Booking
- Boom International Markets Driving Increase in International B.O.
- Concessions
- 5. The Home Video Business
- Compelling Value Proposition
- History and Growth of the Video Business
- Early Roots: Format Wars and Seminal Legal Wrangling
- The Betamax Decision: Universal v. Sony
- The Early Retail Environment: The Rental Video Store
- Transition from Rental to Videos for Purchase: Retail Expands to Accommodate Two Distinct Markets for Video/DVD Consumption
- The Emergence of and Transition to DVDs
- Beyond an Ancillary Market: Emergence of the Made-for-Video Market
- Next-Generation DVDs: Blu-Ray versus HD-DVD
- Format War Redux
- Blu-Ray to the Rescue?
- Product Diversification
- Maturation of the DVD Market and Growing Complexity of Retail Marketing
- Peaking of the DVD Curve and Compressed Sales Cycle
- Expansion of Retail Mass-Market Chains: Walmart, Best Buy, Target, etc.
- E-Tailers and Next-Generation Retail
- Netflix and the Growth of Subscription Rental
- Netflix's Qwikster Debacle
- The Slow, Steady Decline of Netflix's Physical Disc Rental Business, and its Belief in Streaming Focus Vindicated
- Netflix's Next Big Challenge: The Cost of Content
- Physical Disc Inventory Management and Impact on Pricing and Profits
- Returns and Stock Management
- Pricing, Price Reductions, and Price Protection
- International Variations
- Release Timing and Development of Market
- Video Economics and Why Video Revenues are Uniquely Profitable to Studios
- Video Revenues
- Video Royalty Theory and Influence on Cash Flow
- Setting Royalty Rates
- Video Costs
- The Future of Video
- 6. Television Distribution
- Free Television (United States)
- Free Television Market Segmentation
- Free Video-on-Demand and Internet Access
- What Does Free TV Mean?
- Metrics and Monetization Challenges
- Distribution Patterns and Windows: The Decline of Ratings for Theatrical Feature Films on TV and Evolution of the Market
- Economics and Pattern of Licensing Feature Films for TV Broadcast
- First-Run TV Series
- Syndication Window and Barter
- Online Services Now Changing the Dynamics
- Impact of Elimination of Fin/Syn Rules and Growth of Cable
- Basic Economics of TV Series
- Upfront Markets, Mechanics of Advertising Sales, and Ratings
- Digital Upfronts
- Internet Intersection
- Live + What?
- Social Media Driving New Changes
- Pay Television
- Film Licenses and Windows
- Basis for License Fees: Calculation of Runs
- Beyond Multiplexing
- Apps and Pay TV On the Go
- Output Deals
- Original Programming Now the Cornerstone of Pay TV
- Aggregators Positioned for the Future
- Flexible Pay TV: Subscription Video-on-Demand
- SVOD Window
- Deal Term Overview (Pay and Free TV)
- International Market
- History of Growth
- International Free Television
- Crowdsourcing as Mechanism to Reduce Costs
- International Pay Television and Need for Scale
- Coproductions
- Case Study: The Kirch Group
- A New Landscape
- Impact of DVRs, VOD, and Hardware
- TiVo and DVRs
- The New TV Paradigm/VOD
- 7. Internet Distribution and a New Paradigm: On-Demand and Multi-Screen Access, Cord-Cutting, Online Originals, Cloud Applications, Social Media, and More
- Not Very Old History
- The New Millennium's Wave of Changes in Consuming Video Content
- User Experience Becomes King
- Rationalizing the Burst of Convergence
- Fear Factor I Panic to Avoid the Fate of the Music Industry
- Fear Factor II Would On-Demand and Download Markets be Less than Substitutional for Traditional Markets (Pessimistically Discounting the Potential of the Markets Being Addictive)?
- Online Services Becoming "Networks"
- the Move for Online Leaders to Compete with their Own Original Content
- Netflix, YouTube, Hulu, and Amazon Shift Gears
- Traditional Search Engines and Everyone Else Creating Online Originals
- Cord-Cutting: Over-the-Top, Apps, and Other Modes of Access
- Dedicated Hardware Boxes
- Multipurpose Boxes
- Living Room Convergence and Home Network Hubs
- Integrated Televisions: Internet Access Embedded within Your TV
- Growth of the App Economy
- Access via Tablets and Smartphones
- Overall Impact (Cord-Cutting)
- Internet-Enabled Streaming Services: Amazon, Netflix, Hulu, and Beyond
- Amazon: Digital Lockers, Remote Streaming Access, Downloads, and Bundled Subscription Streaming
- Netflix
- Hulu and Hulu+
- International Services
- Channel Streaming Apps (as Opposed to Accessing a Single Piece of Content) and Murky Legal Ground
- Cloud Services and Networks Enabling Everything, Everywhere
- UltraViolet and TV Everywhere
- International Leaders Leveraging Apps and Providing Content Anytime
- Short-Term Renaissance for TV Programming Sales
- Bypassing Everyone: Direct from the Creator
- Personalization and Socialization of TV
- Playlists, Recommendation Engines, Social Watching, and Tools for Content Interaction
- Old Guard Tries to Adapt
- Studios' Failed Bids to Offer an Online Service; Brick-and-Mortar Retailers Try to Offer Complementary Online Solutions
- Limited Studio Attempts to Make the Download Market
- Physical Retailers Offering Competitive Online Solutions
- Revenue Models and Economics: Multiple Systems Coexist, Just Like the Offline World
- Streaming: Fundamentals of Monetizing Internet Advertising
- Transactional VOD
- Differentiating between Tiers of Content: Cable Bundle Pricing Goes Online
- Dearth of Bold Experiments
- Resistance to Disruptive Change: Studios Suing Rather than Embracing; Talent Guilds Fearful of Being Cut of Pie
- Note continued: Internet Viewing and Immediacy of Content
- the YouTube Generation and the Studios Conundrum
- How Online and Download Revenues Became the Focus of Hollywood Guild Negotiations and Strikes
- 8. Ancillary Revenues: Merchandising, Video Games, Hotels, Pay-Per-View and Transactional VOD Roots, Airlines, and Other Markets
- Merchandising
- Transmedia
- As Risky and Lucrative as the Film Business
- What Properties Can Spawn Successful Merchandising Programs?
- Licensing Programs
- What is a Licensing Program?
- Quality Control and Timing
- Licensing Deals
- Economics: Minimum Guarantees/Advances
- Role of Agents
- Toys as a Driver
- Mega Deals: Star Wars and Spider-Man
- Coming Full Circle: Toys Spawn Films Spawn Toys
- Toys and the Internet
- Growing Crossover with Avatars and Virtual Worlds
- Extending the Franchise: Video Games, Books, etc.
- Growth of Social Games and Importance of Data Analytics
- Additional Ancillary Revenue Streams: Books, Film Clips, Music, Live Stage, etc.
- Hotel and Motel
- Size of Market and Window
- Economics
- International
- PPV (Cable) and Transactional VOD Roots
- PPV and VOD Roots
- Residential VOD: The Virtual Video Store
- Airlines
- Market
- Window
- Economics
- Non-Theatrical
- Window
- Economics
- 9. Marketing
- Back to Experience Goods
- Strategy (Film)
- Budget Tied to Type and Breadth of Release: Limited Openings, Niche Marketing, and the Web's Viral Power
- Timing, Seasonality, and Influencing External and Internal Factors
- Day-and-Date Release
- Third-Party Help: Talent and Promotional Partners' Role in Creating Demand
- Talent Involved
- Promotional Partners
- Theatrical Marketing Budget
- Direct Costs
- Allocation of Media Costs
- Trailers
- Posters
- Commercials (Creating) and Creative Execution
- Press and PR
- Websites
- Social Networking
- Sites and Microblogs
- Market Research
- Indirect/Third-Party Costs
- Net Sum and Rise in Historical Marketing Costs
- Video Marketing
- Macro-Level Spending/Media Plan and Allocation
- Press, PR, and Third-Party Promotions
- Net Sum
- Television
- Direct Costs
- Commercials and Opportunity Costs
- Press and PR
- Use of Programming Schedules/Lead-Ins
- Online Marketing: Expanding the Toolset
- Social Networking
- Case Study: Marketing a Mega-Film
- Pre-Release Window: Period Leading Up to Time Approximately 30 Days Pre-Release
- Release Window: Approximately 30 Days Pre-Release Through First Two Weeks Post-Release
- Post-Release Window: Approximately 30 Days Post-Release Through DVD and More
- 10. Making Money: Net Profits, Hollywood Accounting, and the Relative Simplicity of Online Revenue Sharing
- Profit Participation Accounting
- History of Net Profits
- Celebrity Lawsuits Spotlight Accounting Practices
- Why So Complicated
- Endemic to the Talent System?
- Gross and Net Profits: How are They Defined and Calculated?
- Included and Excluded Revenues
- Certain Costs Always Deducted
- Distribution Fees
- At-the-Source Recognition
- Distribution Costs and Expenses
- Gross Participations, Deferments, and Advances as Cost Items
- Imputed Costs: Production and Advertising Overhead, Interest
- Phantom Revenues: Allocating Taxes and Other Non-Picture-Specific Items
- Net Profits: An Artificial Break-Even Point and Moving Target
- Gross Participations/Profits
- Impact of Categorizing Costs as Production versus Distribution Costs
- Online Accounting: Simple Revenue Sharing and the Net Profits Divide
- Gross is Gross and Net is Net
- Sort of
- Revenue Sharing
- Variations of Profit Participation
- Types of Break-Even.