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A text book of applied physics /
Applied Physics is designed to cater to the needs of first year undergraduate engineering students of Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University (J.N.T.U). Written in a lucid style, this book assimilates the best practices of conceptual pedagogy, dealin.
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Chennai :
Pearson,
©2010.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo (Requiere registro previo con correo institucional) |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover
- Contents
- Foreword
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Road Map to the Syllabus
- Chapter 1: Bonding in Solids
- 1.1 Different types of bonding in solids
- 1.2 Cohesive energy and estimation of cohesiveenergy of ionic solids
- 1.3. Estimation of cohesive energy of NaCl molecule in a solid
- 1.4 Madelung constant
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 2: Crystal Structures
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Space lattice (or) crystal lattice
- 2.3 The basis and crystal structure
- 2.4 Unit cell and lattice parameters
- 2.5 Crystal systems and Bravais lattices
- 2.6 Structure and packing fractions of simplecubic [SC] structure
- 2.7 Structure and packing fractions of body-centredcubic structure [BCC]
- 2.8 Structure and packing fractions of face-centredcubic [FCC] structure
- 2.9 Diamond cubic structure
- 2.10 NaCl crystal structure
- 2.11 Caesium chloride [CsCl] structure
- 2.12 Zinc sulphide [ZnS] structure
- 2.13 Stacking sequence in metallic crystals
- 2.14 Calculation of lattice constant
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 3: Crystal Planes, X-ray Diffraction and Defects in Solids
- 3.1 Crystal planes, directions and Miller indices
- 3.2 Distance of separation between successive hkl planes
- 3.3 Imperfections in crystals
- 3.4 Energy for the formation of a vacancy and number of vacancies at equilibrium concentration
- 3.5 Diffraction of X-rays by crystal planes and Bragg's law
- 3.6 Powder method
- 3.7 Laue method
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 4: Elements of Statistical Mechanics and Principles of Quantum Mechanics
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Phase space
- 4.3 Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
- 4.4 Fermi-Dirac distribution.
- 4.5 Bose-Einstein distribution
- 4.6 Comparison of Maxwell-Boltzmann,Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein distributions
- 4.7 Photon gas
- 4.8 Concept of electron gas and Fermi energy
- 4.9 Density of electron states
- 4.10 Black body radiation
- 4.11 Waves and particles-de Brogliehypothesis-Matter waves
- Matter waves
- Properties of matter waves
- 4.12 Relativistic correction
- 4.13 Planck's quantum theory of black body radiation
- 4.14 Experimental study of matter waves
- 4.14 Schrödinger's time-independent wave equation
- 4.15 Heisenberg uncertainty principle
- 4.16 Physical significance of the wave function
- 4.17 Particle in a potential box
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 5: Electron Theory of Metals
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Classical free electron theory of metals
- 5.3 Relaxation time, mean free path, mean collision time and drift velocity
- 5.4 Fermi-Dirac distribution
- 5.5 Quantum free electron theory of electrical conduction
- 5.6 Sources of electrical resistance
- 5.7 Band theory of solids
- 5.8 Bloch theorem
- 5.9 Origin of energy bands formation in solids
- 5.10 Velocity and effective mass of an electron
- 5.11 Distinction between metals, semiconductors and insulators
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 6: Dielectric Properties
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Dielectric constant
- 6.3 Internal or local field
- 6.4 Clausius-Mosotti relation
- 6.5 Orientational, ionic and electronic polarizations
- 6.6 Frequency dependence of polarizability: (Dielectrics in alternating fields)
- 6.7 Piezoelectricity
- 6.8 Ferroelectricity
- 6.9 Frequency dependence of dielectric constant
- Orientational polarization
- Ionic polarization
- Electronic polarization.
- 6.10 Important requirements of insulators
- (a) Electrical requirements
- (b) Thermal requirements
- (c) Mechanical requirements
- (d) Chemical requirements
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 7: Magnetic Properties
- 7.1 Magnetic permeability
- 7.2 Magnetization (M )
- 7.3 Origin of magnetic moment-Bohrmagneton-electron spin
- (i) Magnetic moment due to orbital motion of electrons and orbital angular momentum
- (ii) Magnetic moment due to spin of the electrons
- (iii) Magnetic moment due to nuclear spin
- 7.4 Classification of magnetic materials
- (i) Diamagnetic material
- (ii) Paramagnetic materials
- (iii) Ferromagnetic materials
- (iv) Anti-ferromagnetic materials
- (v) Ferrimagnetic materials [Ferrites]
- 7.5 Classical theory of diamagnetism [Langevin theory]
- 7.6 Theory of paramagnetism
- 7.7 Domain theory of ferromagnetism
- Effect of temperature
- Experimental evidences for domain structure
- Origin of [Ferromagnetic] domains
- Explanation for origin of domains
- 7.8 Hysteresis curve
- 7.9 Anti-ferromagnetic substances
- 7.10 Ferrimagnetic substances [Ferrites]
- 7.11 Soft and hard magnetic materials
- (a) Soft magnetic materials
- (b) Hard magnetic materials
- Comparison between soft and hard magnetic materials
- 7.12 Applications of ferrites
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 8: Semiconductors and Physics of Semiconductor Devices
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Intrinsic semiconductors-carrier concentration
- Electron concentration
- For hole concentration
- To evaluate Fermienergy
- To find intrinsic concentration (NI )
- 8.3 Electrical conductivity of a semiconductor
- To find energy gap of a semiconductor
- Increase of temperature to double the conductivity.
- 8.4 Extrinsic semiconductors
- 8.5 Carrier concentration in extrinsic semiconductors
- 8.6 Minority carrier life time
- 8.7 Drift and diffusion currents
- (a) Drift current
- (b) Diffusion current
- 8.8 Einstein's relations
- 8.9 Continuity equation
- 8.10 Hall effect
- 8.11 Direct and indirect band gap semiconductors
- 8.12 Formation of p-n junction
- 8.13 Energy band diagram of p-n diode
- 8.14 Diode equation
- 8.15 p-n junction biasing
- 8.16 V-I characteristics of p-n diode
- 8.17 p-n diode rectifi er
- 8.18 Light emitting diode [LED]
- 8.19 Liquid crystal display (LCD)
- 8.20 Photodiodes
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 9: Superconductivity
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 General features of superconductors
- 9.3 Type-I and Type-II superconductors
- 9.4 Penetration depth
- 9.5 Flux quantization
- 9.6 Quantum tunnelling
- 9.7 Josephson's effect
- 9.8 BCS theory
- Description
- Coherent length
- BCS ground state
- 9.9 Applications of superconductivity
- 9.9.1 Magnetic applications
- 9.9.2 Electrical applications
- 9.9.3 Computer applications
- 9.9.4 Josephson junction devices
- 9.9.5 Maglev vehicles
- 9.9.6 Medical applications
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 10: Lasers
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Characteristics of laser radiation
- 10.3 Spontaneous and stimulated emission
- 10.4 Einstein's coefficients
- 10.5 Population inversion
- 10.6 Helium-Neon gas [He-Ne] laser
- 10.7 Ruby laser
- 10.8 Semiconductor lasers
- 10.9 Carbon dioxide laser
- 10.10 Applications of lasers
- Formula
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 11: Fibre Optics
- 11.1 Introduction.
- 11.2 Principle of optical fibre, acceptance angle and acceptance cone
- 11.3 Numerical aperture (NA)
- 11.4 Step index fibres and graded index fibres-transmission of signals in them
- 11.5 Differences between step index fibres and graded index fibres
- 11.6 Differences between single mode fibres and multimode fibres
- 11.7 Attenuation in optical fibres
- 11.8 Optical fibres in communication
- 11.9 Advantages of optical fibres in communication
- 11.10 Fibre optic sensing applications
- (a) Displacement sensors
- (b) Liquid level sensor
- (c) Temperature and pressure sensor
- (d) Chemical sensors
- 11.11 Applications of optical fibres in medical field
- Formulae
- Solved Problems
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 12: Holography
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Basic principle of holography
- 12.3 Recording of image on a holographic plate
- 12.4 Reconstruction of image from a hologram
- 12.5 Applications of holography
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 13: Acoustics of Buildings and Acoustic Quieting
- 13.1 Introduction to acoustics of buildings
- 13.2 Reverberation and time of reverberation
- 13.3 Sabine's empirical formula for reverberation time
- 13.4 Sabine's reverberation theory for reverberation time
- 13.5 Absorption coefficient of sound and its measurement
- Measurement
- 13.6 Basic requirements of an acoustically good hall
- 13.7 Factors affecting architectural acoustics and their remedies
- 13.8 Acoustic quieting
- Introduction
- Aspects of Acoustic Quieting
- 13.9 Methods of quieting
- 13.10 Quieting for specific observers
- 13.11 Muffler (or silencer)
- 13.12 Sound proofing
- Formulae
- Solved Problem
- Multiple Choice Questions
- Answers
- Review Questions
- Chapter 14: Nanotechnology.