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Robot builder's bonanza /
Presents instructions for more than one hundred robotic projects, describing useful tools, materials, and techniques, along with practical advice on power supply, robot locomotion, arm systems, circuit boards, microcontrollers, and remote control systems.
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
New York :
McGraw-Hill,
Ã2011.
|
| Edición: | 4th ed. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo (Requiere registro previo con correo institucional) |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- A. About the Author
- B. Dedication
- C. Acknowledgments
- D. Photo and illustration credits
- E. Introduction
- Robotics: Inspired Technology
- No Better Time to Play with Robots
- Inside Robot Builder's Bonanza
- What You'll Learn
- Expertise You Need
- Beyond Cool
- A. The Art and Science of Robot Building
- 1. Welcome to the Wonderful World of Robotics!
- What the Adventure Holds
- Why Build Robots?
- The Building-Block Approach
- Lower Costs, Better Bots
- Skills You Need
- Do It Yourself, Kits, or Ready-Made?
- Thinking Like a Robot Builder
- 2. Anatomy of a Robot
- Stationary versus Mobile Robots
- Autonomous versus Teleoperated Robots
- Tethered versus Self-Contained Robots
- So, What's a Robot, Anyway?
- The Body of the Robot
- Locomotion Systems
- Power Systems
- Sensing Devices
- Output Devices
- Where the Word "Robot" Comes From
- 3. Getting Parts
- Local Electronics Stores
- Online Electronics Outlets
- Using FindChips.com to Locate Parts
- Specialty Online Robotics Retailers
- Hobby and Model Stores
- Craft Stores
- Hardware and Home Improvement Stores
- Samples from Electronics Manufacturers
- Finding What You Need on the Internet
- Shop Once, Shop Smart
- Haunting the Surplus Store
- Getting Parts from Specialty Stores
- Scavenging: Making Do with What You Already Have
- Getting Organized
- B. Robot Construction
- 4. Safety First (and Always)
- Project Safety
- Battery Safety
- Soldering Safety
- Fire Safety
- Avoiding Damage by Static Discharge
- Working with House Current
- First Aid
- Use Common Sense
- and Enjoy Your Robot Hobby
- 5. Building Robot Bodies
- the Basics
- Picking the Right Construction Material
- In Review: Selecting the Right Material
- Robots from "Found" Parts
- Basic Tools for Constructing Robots
- Optional Tools
- Hardware Supplies
- Setting Up Shop
- 6. Mechanical Construction Techniques
- First Things First: Eye and Ear Protection
- Plan, Sketch, Measure, Mark
- Drilling Holes in Things
- Cutting Things to Size
- Using Portable Power Tools
- Getting Work Done Fast with Air Tools
- 7. Working with Wood
- Hardwood Versus Softwood
- Planks or Ply
- The Woodcutter's Art
- 8. Build a Motorized Wooden Platform
- Making the Base
- Building and Attaching the Motors
- Building and Mounting the Wheels
- Attaching the Ball Caster
- Using the PlyBot
- Variations on a Theme
- 9. Working with Plastic
- Main Kinds of Plastics for Bots
- Best Plastics for Robotics
- Where to Buy Plastic
- The Ins and Outs of Rigid Expanded PVC
- How to Cut Plastic
- How to Drill Plastic
- Making Plastic Bases
- Making Plastic Frames
- How to Bend and Form Plastic
- How to Smooth the Edges of Plastic
- How to Glue Plastic
- Using Hot Glue with Plastics
- How to Paint Plastics
- Household Plastics for Bot Constructions
- 10. Build a Motorized Plastic Platform
- Making the Base
- Attaching the Motors
- Fitting the Wheels
- Attaching the Ball Caster
- Using the PlastoBot
- Altering the PlastoBot Design.
- 11. Working with Metal
- All about Metal for Robots
- Measuring the Thickness of Metal
- What's This about Heat Treatments?
- Where to Get Metal for Robots
- Recap of Metals for Robotics
- Metal from Your Home Improvement Store
- Metal from Craft and Hobby Stores
- The Metalsmith's Art
- 12. Build a Motorized Metal Platform
- Making the Base
- Using the TinBot
- 13. Assembly Techniques
- Screws, Nuts, and Other Fasteners
- Brackets
- Selecting and Using Adhesives
- 14. Rapid Prototyping Methods
- Selecting Lightweight Robot Materials
- Cutting and Drilling Substrate Sheets
- Rapid Construction with Semipermanent Fasteners
- 15. Drafting Bots with Computer-Aided Design
- Making Drilling and Cutting Layouts
- File Formats for Vector Graphics
- Using Laser-Cutting Services
- Producing "Quick-Turn" Metal and Plastic Prototypes
- 16. Constructing High-Tech Robots from Toys
- Erector Sets
- Fischertechnik
- K'NEX
- Other Construction Sets to Try
- Construction with Snap-Together Components
- Specialty Toys for Robot Hacking
- Making Robots from Converted Toy Vehicles
- 17. Building Bots from Found Parts
- A Dozen Ideas to Get You Started
- Experimenting with "No-Cut" Metal Platform Designs
- Using Wood and Plastic Samples
- Keep Your Eyes Peeled and Your Tape Measure Out
- C. Power, Motors, and Locomotion
- 18. All about Batteries
- An Overview of Power Sources
- Batteries for Your Robots
- Understanding Battery Ratings
- Recharging Batteries
- Robot Batteries at a Glance
- Common Battery Sizes
- Increasing Battery Ratings
- 19. Robot Power Systems
- Power and Battery Circuit Symbols
- Using a Premade Battery Pack
- Making Your Own Rechargeable Battery Pack
- Using Battery Cells in a Battery Holder
- Best Battery Placement Practices
- Wiring Batteries to Your Robot
- Preventing Reverse Battery Polarity
- On the Web: How to Solder a Barrel Plug onto a Battery Holder or DC Wall Transformer
- Adding Fuse Protection
- Providing Multiple Voltages
- Regulating Voltage
- Dealing with Power Brownouts
- Battery Voltage Monitors
- 20. Moving Your Robot
- Choosing a Locomotion System
- Locomotion Using Wheels
- Locomotion Using Tracks
- Locomotion Using Legs
- Locomotion Using Other Methods
- On the Web: Managing the Weight of Your Robot
- 21. Choosing the Right Motor
- AC or DC Motor?
- Continuous or Stepping Motor?
- Servo Motors
- Motor Specs
- Testing Current Draw of a Motor
- Dealing with Voltage Drops
- Avoiding Electrical Noise
- 22. Using DC Motors
- The Fundamentals of DC Motors
- Reviewing DC Motor Ratings
- Controlling a DC Motor
- Motor Control by Switch
- Motor Control by Relay
- Motor Control by Bipolar Transistor
- Motor Control by Power MOSFET Transistor
- Motor Control by Bridge Module
- Controlling the Speed of a DC Motor
- Bonus Projects: Interfacing to Motor Bridge Modules
- 23. Using Servo Motors
- How R/C Servos Work
- Control Signals for R/C Servos
- The Role of the Potentiometer
- Special-Purpose Servo Types and Sizes
- Gear Trains and Power Drives
- Output Shaft Bushings and Bearings
- Typical Servo Specs
- Connector Styles and Wiring
- Analog versus Digital Servos
- Electronics for Controlling a Servo
- Using Continuously Rotating Servos
- Modifying a Standard Servo for Continuous Rotation
- Using Servo Motors for Sensor Turrets.
- 24. Mounting Motors and Wheels
- Mounting DC Motors
- Mounting and Aligning Motors with Aluminum Channel
- Mounting R/C Servos
- Mounting Drivetrain Components to Shafts
- Mounting Wheels to DC Gear Motors
- Mounting Wheels to R/C Servos
- Attaching Mechanical Linkages to Servos
- Drivetrain Components for Robotics
- Using Rigid and Flexible Couplers
- Working with Different Shaft Types
- Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Gears
- 25. Robot Movement with Shape Memory Alloy
- Shape Memory Alloy Comes to Robotics
- Basics of Shape Memory Alloy
- Using Shape Memory Alloy
- Operating SMA Using a Microcontroller
- Experimenting with SMA Mechanisms
- Using Ready-Made SMA Mechanisms
- D. Hands-On Robotic Projects
- 26. Build Robots with Wheels and Tracks
- Basic Design Principles of Rolling Robots
- Two-Motor BasicBot
- Bonus Project: Double-Decker RoverBot
- Building 4WD Robots
- Building Tank-Style Robots
- 27. Build Robots with Legs
- An Overview of Leggy Robots
- Selecting the Best Construction Material
- Scratch Build or Parts Kits
- Leg Power
- Walking Gaits for Legged Robots
- Build a 3-Servo Hexapod
- Creating X-Y Servo Joints
- Bonus Project: Build a 12-Servo Hexapod
- 28. Experimenting with Robotic Arms
- The Human Arm
- Degrees of Freedom in a Typical Robotic Arm
- Arm Types
- Actuation Techniques
- Build a Robotic Wrist
- Build a Functional Revolute Coordinate Arm
- Build a Robotic Arm from a Kit
- 29. Experimenting with Robotic Grippers
- Concept of the Basic Gripper
- Two-Pincher Gripper
- Tool Clamp Gripper
- On the Web: More Gripper Plans
- E. Robot Electronics
- 30. Building Robot Electronics
- the Basics
- Tools for Electronics You Should Have
- Making Electronic Circuits
- the Basics
- Understanding Wires and Wiring
- How to Solder
- Using Headers and Connectors
- Using Clip-on Jumpers
- Good Design Principles
- RoHS Demystified
- 31. Common Electronic Components for Robotics
- But First, a Word about Electronics Symbols
- Fixed Resistors
- Potentiometers
- Capacitors
- Diodes
- Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
- Transistors
- Integrated Circuits
- Switches
- Relays
- ... And the Rest
- On the Web: Stocking Up on Parts
- 32. Using Solderless Breadboards
- Anatomy of a Solderless Breadboard
- Steps in Constructing a Solderless Breadboard Circuit
- Making Long-Lasting Solderless Circuits
- Mounting the Breadboard to Your Robot
- Tips for Using a Solderless Breadboard
- 33. Making Circuit Boards
- Overview of Your Primary Circuit Board Options
- Clean It First!
- Making Permanent Circuits on Solder Breadboards
- Using Point-to-Point Perforated Board Construction
- Using Predrilled Stripboards
- Creating Electronic Circuit Boards with PCB CAD
- Producing Arduino-Specific Boards with Fritzing
- On the Web: Etching Your Own Printed Circuit Board
- Using Custom Prototyping Boards
- Making Semipermanent Circuits with Wire Wrapping
- Effective Use of Plug-in Headers
- F. Computers and Electronic Control
- 34. An Overview of Robot "Brains"
- Brains for the Brawn
- Igor, Pull the Switch!
- Brains from Discrete Components
- Programmed Brains
- Of Inputs and Outputs
- 35. Understanding Microcontrollers
- All about Microcontroller Categories
- Microcontroller Shapes and Sizes
- Under the Hood of the Typical Microcontroller Chip
- Microcontroller Programmers
- All about Microcontroller Speed.
- 36. Programming Concepts: The Fundamentals
- Important Programming Concepts
- Understanding Data Types
- Lucky Seven Most Common Programming Statements
- Variables, Expressions, and Operators
- On the Web: More Programming Fundamentals
- G. Microcontroller Brains
- 37. Using the Arduino
- Arduino under the Hood
- Many Variations on a Theme
- Ready Expansion via Shields
- USB Connection and Power
- Arduino Pin Mapping
- Programming the Arduino
- Programming for Robots
- Using Servos
- Creating Your Own Functions
- On the Web: Operating Two Servos
- Flow Control Structures
- Using the Serial Monitor Window
- Some Common Robotic Functions
- Using Switches and Other Digital Inputs
- Interfacing to DC Motors
- 38. Using the PICAXE
- Understanding the PICAXE Family
- Programming the PICAXE
- Core Language Syntax
- PICAXE Functions for Robotics
- Example: Controlling an RC Servo with the PICAXE
- Example: Reading Buttons and Controlling Outputs
- 39. Using the BASIC Stamp
- Inside the BASIC Stamp
- Stamp Alone or Developer's Kit
- Physical Layout of the BS2
- Hooking Up: Connecting the BASIC Stamp to a PC
- Understanding and Using PBasic
- Interfacing Switches and Other Digital Inputs
- Interfacing DC Motors to the BASIC Stamp
- Interfacing RC Servo Motors to the BASIC Stamp
- Additions in PBasic 2.5
- 40. Interfacing Hardware with Your Microcontroller or Computer
- Sensors as Inputs
- Motors and Other Outputs
- Input and Output Architectures
- Interfacing Outputs
- Interfacing Digital Inputs
- Interfacing Analog Input
- Connecting with USB
- Using Analog-to-Digital Conversion
- Using Digital-to-Analog Conversion
- Expanding Available I/O Lines
- Understanding Port Changing
- On the Web: Understanding Bitwise Port Programming
- 41. Remote Control Systems
- Build a Joystick "Teaching Pendant"
- Commanding a Robot with Infrared Remote Control
- On the Web: Control by Radio Signal
- Broadcasting Video
- H. Sensors, Navigation, and Feedback
- 42. Adding the Sense of Touch
- Understanding Touch
- Mechanical Switch
- Using a Button Debounce Circuit
- Debouncing Switches in Software
- Programming for Bumper Contacts
- Mechanical Pressure Sensors
- Experimenting with Piezoelectric Touch Sensors
- Experimenting with Piezo Film
- On the Web: Build a Piezo Bumper Bar
- Other Types of "Touch" Sensors.
- 43. Proximity and Distance Sensing
- Design Overview
- Simple Infrared Light Proximity Sensor
- Modulated Infrared Proximity Detector
- Infrared Distance Measurement
- On the Web: Passive Infrared Detection
- Ultrasonic Distance Measurement
- 44. Robotic Eyes
- Simple Sensors for Robotic Eyes
- Building a One-Cell Cyclops Eye
- Building a Multiple-Cell Robotic Eye
- Using Lenses and Filters with Light-Sensitive Sensors
- Video Vision Systems: An Introduction
- 45. Navigating Your Robot
- Tracing a Predefined Path: Line Following
- Wall Following
- Odometry: Calculating Your Robot's Distance of Travel
- Compass Bearings
- Experimenting with Tilt and Gravity Sensors
- More Navigational Systems for Robots
- 46. Making and Listening to Sound
- Preprogrammed Sound Modules
- Commercial Electronic Sound Effects Kits
- Making Sirens and Other Warning Sounds
- Using a Microcontroller to Produce Sound and Music
- Using Audio Amplifiers
- Sound and Music Playback with a Microcontroller
- Speech Synthesis: Getting Your Robot to Talk
- Listening for Sound
- On the Web: More Sound Projects
- 47. Interacting with Your Creation
- Using LEDs and LED Displays for Feedback
- Feedback via Simple Sounds
- Using LCD Panels
- Robot-Human Interaction with Lighting Effects
- 48. Danger, Will Robinson!
- Flame Detection
- Smoke Detection
- Detecting Dangerous Gas
- Heat Sensing
- Robotic Firefighting Contests
- Finally, Go Out and Do!
- I. RBB Online Support
- You'll Find ...
- Backup Support Site
- Sources for Special Parts, Web Sites
- J. Internet Parts Sources
- Robotics
- Electronics
- Hobby
- Forums and Blogs
- More on the Web!
- K. Mechanical Reference
- Decimal Fractions
- Drill Bit and Tap Sizes
- Imperial
- Drill Bit and Tap Sizes
- Metric
- Numbered and Fractional Inch Drill Bit Comparison
- Fasteners: Standard (Imperial) Threads at a Glance
- Comparison of Decimal Inch, Fractional Inch, Mil, and Gauge
- More on the Web!
- L. Electronic Reference
- Formulas
- Abbreviations
- Letter Symbols Used in Electronics
- Numbering Units in Electronics
- The Six Most Common Units of Measure in Electronics
- Resistor Color Coding
- Wire Gauge.