Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals 2E /

The long-awaited revision of the most respected resource on internal combustion engines?covering the basics through advanced operation of spark-ignition and diesel engines. Written by one of the most recognized and highly regarded names in internal combustion engines, this trusted educational resour...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Heywood, John (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: New York, N.Y. : McGraw-Hill Education, [2019].
Edición:2nd edition.
Temas:
Internal combustion engines.
Electronic books.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Cover
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Commonly Used Symbols, Subscripts, and Abbreviations
  • CHAPTER 1 Engine Types and Their Operation
  • 1.1 Introduction and Historical Perspective
  • 1.2 Engine Classifications
  • 1.3 Engine Operating Cycles
  • 1.4 Engine Components
  • 1.5 Multicylinder Engines
  • 1.6 Spark-Ignition Engine Operation
  • 1.7 Different Types of Four-Stroke SI Engines
  • 1.8 Compression-Ignition Engine Operation
  • 1.9 Different Types of Diesel Engines
  • 1.10 Two-Stroke Cycle Engine Operation
  • 1.11 Fuels
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 2 Engine Design and Operating?Parameters
  • 2.1 Important Engine Characteristics
  • 2.2 Geometrical Relationships for Reciprocating Engines
  • 2.3 Forces in Reciprocating Mechanism
  • 2.4 Brake Torque and Power
  • 2.5 Indicated Work per Cycle
  • 2.6 Mechanical Efficiency
  • 2.7 Mean Effective Pressure
  • 2.8 Specific Fuel Consumption and Efficiency
  • 2.9 Air/Fuel and Fuel/Air Ratios
  • 2.10 Volumetric Efficiency
  • 2.11 Specific Power, Specific Weight, and Specific Volume
  • 2.12 Correction Factors for Power and Volumetric Efficiency
  • 2.13 Specific Emissions and Emissions Index
  • 2.14 Relationships between Performance Parameters
  • 2.15 Engine Design and Performance Data
  • 2.16 Vehicle Power Requirements
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 3 Thermochemistry of Fuel-Air?Mixtures
  • 3.1 Characterization of Flames
  • 3.2 Ideal Gas Model
  • 3.3 Composition of Air and Fuels
  • 3.4 Combustion Stoichiometry
  • 3.5 The First Law of Thermodynamics and Combustion
  • 3.6 The Second Law of Thermodynamics Applied to Combustion
  • 3.7 Chemically Reacting Gas Mixtures
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 4 Properties of Working Fluids
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Unburned Mixture Composition
  • 4.3 Gas Property Relationships
  • 4.4 A Simple Analytic Ideal Gas Model
  • 4.5 Thermodynamic Property Charts
  • 4.6 Tables of Properties and Composition
  • 4.7 Computer Routines for Property and Composition Calculations
  • 4.8 Transport Properties
  • 4.9 Exhaust Gas Composition
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 5 Ideal Models of Engine?Cycles
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Ideal Models of Engine Processes
  • 5.3 Thermodynamic Relations for Engine Processes
  • 5.4 Cycle Analysis with Ideal Gas Working Fluid with cv and cp Constant
  • 5.5 Fuel-Air Cycle Analysis
  • 5.6 Overexpanded Engine Cycles
  • 5.7 Availability Analysis of Engine Processes
  • 5.8 Comparison with Real Engine Cycles
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 6 Gas Exchange Processes
  • 6.1 Intake and Exhaust Processes in the Four-Stroke Cycle
  • 6.2 Volumetric Efficiency
  • 6.3 Flow through Valves and Ports
  • 6.4 Residual Gas Fraction
  • 6.5 Exhaust Gas Flow Rate and Temperature Variation
  • 6.6 Scavenging in Two-Stroke Cycle Engines
  • 6.7 Flow through Two-Stroke Engine Ports
  • 6.8 Supercharging and Turbocharging
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 7 Mixture Preparation in?SI?Engines.
  • 7.1 Spark-Ignition Engine Mixture Requirements
  • 7.2 Fuel Metering Overview
  • 7.3 Central (Throttle-Body) Fuel Injection
  • 7.4 Port (Multipoint) Fuel Injection
  • 7.5 Air Flow Phenomena
  • 7.6 Fuel Flow Phenomena: Port Fuel Injection
  • 7.7 Direct Fuel Injection
  • 7.8 Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensors
  • 7.9 Fuel Supply Systems
  • 7.10 Liquid Petroleum Gas and Natural Gas
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 8 Charge Motion within the?Cylinder
  • 8.1 Intake-Generated Flows
  • 8.2 Mean Velocity and Turbulence Characteristics
  • 8.3 Swirl
  • 8.4 Tumble
  • 8.5 Piston-Generated Flows: Squish
  • 8.6 Swirl, Tumble, Squish Flow Interactions
  • 8.7 Prechamber Engine Flows
  • 8.8 Crevice Flows and Blowby
  • 8.9 Flows Generated by Piston Cylinder-Wall Interaction
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 9 Combustion in Spark-Ignition Engines
  • 9.1 Essential Features of Process
  • 9.2 Thermodynamics of SI Engine Combustion
  • 9.3 Flame Structure and Speed
  • 9.4 Cyclic Variations in Combustion, Partial Burning, and Misfire
  • 9.5 Spark Ignition
  • 9.6 Abnormal Combustion: Spontaneous Ignition and Knock
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 10 Combustion in Compression-Ignition Engines
  • 10.1 Essential Features of Process
  • 10.2 Types of Diesel Combustion Systems
  • 10.3 Diesel Engine Combustion
  • 10.4 Fuel Spray Behavior
  • 10.5 Ignition Delay
  • 10.6 Mixing-Controlled Combustion
  • 10.7 Alternative Compression-Ignition Combustion Approaches
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 11 Pollutant Formation and?Control
  • 11.1 Nature and Extent of Problem
  • 11.2 Nitrogen Oxides
  • 11.3 Carbon Monoxide
  • 11.4 Hydrocarbon Emissions
  • 11.5 Particulate Emissions
  • 11.6 Exhaust Gas Treatment
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 12 Engine Heat Transfer
  • 12.1 Importance of Heat Transfer
  • 12.2 Modes of Heat Transfer
  • 12.3 Heat Transfer and Engine Energy Balance
  • 12.4 Convective Heat Transfer
  • 12.5 Radiative Heat Transfer
  • 12.6 Measurements of Instantaneous Heat-Transfer Rates
  • 12.7 Thermal Loading and Component Temperatures
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 13 Engine Friction and Lubrication
  • 13.1 Background
  • 13.2 Definitions
  • 13.3 Friction Fundamentals
  • 13.4 Measurement Methods
  • 13.5 Engine Friction Data
  • 13.6 Mechanical Friction Components
  • 13.7 Pumping Friction
  • 13.8 Accessory Power Requirements
  • 13.9 Engine Friction Modeling
  • 13.10 Oil Consumption
  • 13.11 Lubricants
  • Problems
  • References
  • CHAPTER 14 Modeling Real Engine Flow and Combustion Processes
  • 14.1 Purpose and Classification of Models
  • 14.2 Governing Equations for an Open Thermodynamic System
  • 14.3 Intake and Exhaust Flow Models
  • 14.4 Thermodynamic-Based In-Cylinder Models
  • 14.5 Fluid-Mechanic-Based Multi-Dimensional Models
  • References
  • CHAPTER 15 Engine Operating Characteristics
  • 15.1 Engine Design Objectives
  • 15.2 Engine Performance
  • 15.3 Operating Variables That Affect SI Engine Performance, Efficiency,?and?Emissions
  • 15.4 SI Engine Combustion System Design
  • 15.5 Variables That Affect Diesel Engine Performance, Efficiency, and Emissions
  • 15.6 Two-Stroke Cycle Engines
  • 15.7 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness
  • 15.8 Engine Performance and Fuels Summary
  • Problems
  • References
  • APPENDIX A Unit Conversion Factors
  • APPENDIX B Ideal Gas Relationships
  • B.1 Ideal Gas Law
  • B.2 The Mole
  • B.3 Thermodynamic Properties
  • B.4 Mixtures of Ideal Gases
  • APPENDIX C Equations for Fluid Flow through a Restriction
  • C.1 Liquid Flow
  • C.2 Gas Flow
  • References
  • APPENDIX D Data on Working Fluids
  • Index
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E
  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P
  • Q
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
  • V
  • W
  • Z.

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