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Entropy theory in hydrologic science and engineering /
This unique guide provides a much-needed introduction to entropy, or, the measure of disorder, and the theory's various applications in the hydrologic sciences.
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
New York, N.Y. :
McGraw-Hill Education,
[2015]
|
| Edición: | First edition. |
| Colección: | McGraw-Hill's AccessEngineering.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- A. About the author
- B. Dedication
- C. Preface
- D. Acknowledgments
- A. Part i: preliminaries
- 1. Introduction to entropy theory
- Concept of entropy
- Entropy theory
- Types of entropies
- Approximate entropy and sample entropy
- Principle of maximum entropy
- Methodology for application of pome
- Concentration theorem
- Principle of minimum cross entropy
- Application of pomce to continuous variables
- Application of pomce with fractile constraints
- Comparison between pome and pomce
- Entropy scaling
- Partial and constrained entropy
- Entropy under transformation of variables
- Types of hydrologic problems
- Hypothesis on cumulative distribution function
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 2. Maximum entropy production principle
- Hydrologic systems
- Irreversibility of system processes and entropy production
- Laws of thermodynamics
- Principle of maximum entropy production
- Application of maximum entropy production principle
- Entropy production flux
- Application of nonequilibrium thermodynamics
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 3. Performance measures
- Symbols and definitions
- Performance measures for deterministic models
- Goodness-of-fit measures for probabilistic models
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 4. Morphological analysis
- Basic terminology
- Distribution of stream elevations
- Entropy and potential energy
- Longitudinal channel profile
- Law of average stream fall
- Entropy, horton-strahler order, magnitude, and fractal dimension
- Scaling properties
- Horton-strahler equations
- Streambed profile
- Stream meandering
- Stream order as a measure of sample source uncertainty
- Watershed surface description
- Case study
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 5. Evaluation and design of sampling and measurement networks
- Design considerations
- Correlation
- Entropy-based measures
- Isoinformation
- Directional information transfer index
- Information correlation coefficient
- Total correlation
- Maximum information minimum redundancy
- Application to monitoring, evaluation, and design
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- B. Part ii: rainfall and evapotranspiration
- 6. Precipitation variability
- Measures of variability
- Trend and persistence
- Entropy measures
- Comparison of entropy and diversity indices
- Comparison of entropy and variance
- Rainfall disaggregation
- Rainfall complexity
- Entropy scaling
- Case study 1: precipitation variability
- Case study 2: rainfall disaggregation
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 7. Rainfall frequency distributions
- Factors affecting rainfall frequency distributions
- Derivation of annual maximum rainfall distributions
- Three generalized distributions
- Case study 1: evaluation of entropy-based distributions and comparison using observed rainfall data
- Frequency analysis and idf curves
- Case study 2: evaluation of entropy-based distributions and comparison using synthetic data
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 8. Evaluation of probabilistic precipitation forecasting
- Notation
- Methods for evaluation of probabilistic forecasting
- Decomposition of brier score
- Kullback-leibler divergence
- Questions
- References
- Further reading.
- 9. Assessment of potential water resources availability
- Entropy as a measure of temporal rainfall apportionment
- Assessment of water resources availability
- Case study: japan
- Case study: worldwide mapping of pwra
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 10. Evaporation
- Extremum principle for evaporation from land surfaces
- Extremum principle
- Transpiration
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- C. Part iii: subsurface flow
- 11. Infiltration
- Preliminaries
- Derivation of infiltration equations
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 12. Soil moisture
- Soil moisture zone
- Soil moisture profile
- Estimation of soil moisture profile
- Derivation of soil moisture profiles
- Mean soil moisture content
- Soil moisture variation in time
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 13. Groundwater flow
- One-constraint formulation
- Two-constraint formulation
- Inverse problems
- Inverse linear problem
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- D. Part iv: surface flow
- 14. Rainfall-runoff modeling
- Runoff volume by scs-cn method
- Instantaneous unit hydrograph
- Volume-peak discharge relation
- Derivation of peak discharge rating curve
- Rational method
- Linear reservoir model
- Appendix 14a: derivation of a general probability distribution
- Appendix 14b: derivation of exponential, gamma, and lognormal probability distributions
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 15. Stream flow simulation
- Simulation models
- Stream flow simulation at a single site
- A case study: testing with synthetic data
- A case study: simulation of monthly stream flow
- Entropy-copula method for single-site stream flow simulation
- Entropy-copula method for multisite stream flow simulation
- Appendix 15a: bivariate copulas and their corresponding conditional distributions
- Appendix 15b: trivariate copulas and their corresponding conditional distributions
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 16. Hydrologic frequency analysis
- General derivation of a probability distribution
- General probability distribution
- Truncated normal distribution
- Bivariate rainfall-runoff analysis
- Flow duration curve
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 17. Stream flow forecasting
- Preliminaries for stream flow forecasting
- Maximum entropy spectral analysis for stream flow forecasting
- Burg entropy spectral analysis
- Configuration entropy spectral analysis
- Minimum relative entropy (cross?entropy) spectral analysis
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- E. Part v: environmental conditions
- 18. River flow regime classification
- Flow regime classification using clustering
- Regime classification using the uncertainty coefficient
- Regime classification and measure of flow stability
- Interpretation of instability index
- Grouping of river flow regimes by cross entropy
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 19. Sediment yield
- Erosion process: preliminaries
- Consideration of probability
- Application of entropy theory
- Sediment graph
- Unit sediment graph
- Conditional probability distribution of sediment yield
- Questions
- References
- Further reading
- 20. Eco-index
- Indicators of hydrologic alteration
- Probability distributions of iha parameters
- Computation of nonsatisfaction eco-level
- Computation of eco-index
- Case study: application to mekong ecosystem
- Questions
- References
- Further reading.