Power quality primer /

"In Power Quality Primer, Kennedy gives you the first look at his methods to help you: for utilities, plan successful competitive strategies for every aspect of the business; market proactive solutions to customers before needs arise; improve transmission and distribution system quality, effici...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Kennedy, Barry W. (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: New York, N.Y. : McGraw-Hill Education, [2000]
Edición:First edition.
Colección:McGraw-Hill's AccessEngineering.
Temas:
Electric power system stability.
Electric power systems > Electric losses.
Electric power systems > Protection.
Electric utilities > Quality control.
Electric standards.
Electric poower systems > Stability.
Electric power systems > Quality control.
Electric power systems > Measurement.
Electric wiring.
Electric currents > Grounding.
Electrometer.
Market surveys.
Electric utilities > Equipment and supplies > Quality control.
Electronic books.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Power Quality Definition 4
  • Need for Power Quality 5
  • Sensitive Loads 7
  • Nonlinear Loads 10
  • Interconnected Power Systems 13
  • Deregulation 15
  • Who's Involved in the Power Quality Industry? 17
  • Research and Development Organizations 18
  • Standards Organizations 19
  • Consultants 19
  • End-User Equipment Manufacturers 20
  • Monitoring-Equipment Manufacturers 21
  • Power Conditioning Equipment Manufacturers 22
  • Utilities 22
  • End Users 22
  • Lawyers 23
  • How Much Does Power Quality Cost? 24
  • Chapter 2 Power Quality Characteristics 27
  • Power Quality Theory 31
  • Types of Power Quality Problems 33
  • Voltage Sags (Dips) 34
  • Voltage Swells 36
  • Long-Duration Overvoltages 37
  • Undervoltages 38
  • Interruptions 39
  • Transients 40
  • Voltage Unbalance 41
  • Voltage Fluctuations 42
  • Harmonics 43
  • Electrical Noise 49
  • Sources of Power Quality Problems 50
  • Utility Side of the Meter 51
  • End-User Side of the Meter 52
  • Effects of Power Quality Problems 64
  • Power Quality Problem-Solving Procedures 65
  • Power Quality Solutions 65
  • Chapter 3 Power Quality Standards 67
  • Power Quality Standards Organizations 68
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 68
  • American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 69
  • International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 69
  • Other Domestic Standards Organizations 70
  • Other International Standards Organizations 71
  • Purpose of Power Quality Standards 71
  • Types of Power Quality Standards 73
  • Voltage Sag (Dip) Standards 75
  • Transients or Surges 78
  • Voltage Unbalance 80
  • Voltage Fluctuation or Flicker Standards 82
  • Harmonic Standards 83
  • Transformer Overheating Standards 86
  • Neutral Conductor Loading Standards 88
  • Static Electricity 89
  • Telephone Power Quality Standards 90
  • Grounding and Wiring Standards 90
  • Sensitive Electronic Equipment Standards 90
  • Trends in Power Quality Standards 92
  • Chapter 4 Power Quality Solutions 97
  • Reduce Effects on Sensitive Equipment 97
  • Reduce or Eliminate Cause 98
  • Reduce or Eliminate Transfer Medium 101
  • Install Power Conditioning Equipment 102
  • How Does It Work? 104
  • Surge Suppressors 105
  • Noise Filters 110
  • Isolation Transformers 112
  • Line-Voltage Regulators 115
  • Motor-Generator Sets 119
  • Magnetic Synthesizers 120
  • Static VAR Compensators (SVCs) 121
  • Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) 122
  • Solid-State Switches 128
  • Harmonic Filters 129
  • Other Harmonic Solutions 131
  • Selection of Appropriate Power Conditioning Equipment 132
  • Grounding and Wiring Solutions 133
  • Chapter 5 Wiring and Grounding 137
  • Wiring Principles 137
  • Grounding Principles 140
  • Power System 141
  • Utility Power System Grounding 141
  • Telecommunication System Grounding 148
  • End-User Power System Grounding 148
  • Wiring and Grounding Problems 151
  • Ground Loops 151
  • Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Noise 153
  • Loose Connections 154
  • Grounding for Lightning and Static Electricity 154
  • Attack of the Triplens 155
  • Solutions That Cause Problems 157
  • Wiring Solutions 159
  • Separation 159
  • Selection of Wire and Cables 160
  • Shielding 162
  • Grounding Solutions 163
  • Ground Rods 163
  • Ground Ring 165
  • Ground and Reference Signal Grids 166
  • Other Grounding Systems 167
  • Isolated Grounds 167
  • Multipoint Grounding 168
  • Separately Derived Source Grounding 169
  • Chapter 6 Power Quality Measurement Tools 173
  • Kilowatt-Hour Meter 175
  • Multimeters 178
  • Average-responding versus True RMS Meters 181
  • Crest Factor and Bandwidth 182
  • Other Selection Considerations 184
  • Oscilloscopes 185
  • Disturbance Analyzers 187
  • Harmonic Analyzers 189
  • Power Factor Measurement 189
  • Static Meters 190
  • Electric Field Strength and Magnetic Gaussmeters 191
  • Infrared Detectors 191
  • Flicker Meters 192
  • Wiring and Grounding Instruments 194
  • Receptacle Circuit Testers 194
  • Ground Circuit Impedance Testers 195
  • Earth Ground Testers 195
  • Permanent Power Quality Monitoring 196
  • Need for Power Quality Monitoring 197
  • Evolution of Power Quality Monitoring 199
  • Deregulation's Effect on Power Quality Monitoring 199
  • Power Quality Monitoring System 201
  • Monitoring and Analysis to Evaluate Compliance 204
  • Monitoring to Characterize System Performance 204
  • Monitoring to Characterize Specific Problems 204
  • Monitoring as Part of an Enhanced Power Quality Service 204
  • Chapter 7 Power Quality Surveys 207
  • Purpose of a Power Quality Survey (Checkup or Examination) 208
  • Assess the Power Quality (Health) 208
  • Identify the Power Quality Problem (Symptom) 211
  • Determine the Cause (Disease) 211
  • Analyze the Results of the Survey (Diagnose) to Determine a Solution (Cure) 211
  • Planning a Power Quality Survey 214
  • Identify the Participants and Performer of the Survey 215
  • Ask Questions 218
  • Coordinate the Parties 218
  • Know Facilities 219
  • Survey Forms 219
  • Choosing the Right Power Quality Instruments 220
  • Conducting a Power Quality Survey 224
  • Step 1 Collect Information at Coordination Meeting 224
  • Step 2 Conduct On-Site Visual Inspection 227
  • Step 3 Set Up Test Instruments 230
  • Step 4 Collect Test Measurements 232
  • Analyzing Power Quality Survey Results 232
  • Input Data into Diagnostic Model 235
  • Identify Alternative Solutions 235
  • Preventing Power Quality Problems 236
  • Chapter 8 Power Quality Economics 239
  • Total Power Quality Improvement Cost 240
  • Steps in Performing an Economic Analysis 241
  • Step 1 Determine Base Power Quality Problem Cost 243
  • Value-Based Economic Analysis 244
  • Cost of the Disturbance 247
  • Interruptions 248
  • Voltage Sags 250
  • Weighting Factors for Interruptions and Voltage Sags 253
  • Harmonic Distortion 254
  • Flicker 254
  • Step 2 Determine Power Quality Improvement Cost 255
  • End-User Power Quality Improvements 256
  • Utility-Side Power Quality Improvements 260
  • Step 3 Determine Reduced Power Quality Problem Cost 260
  • Interruption and Voltage Sage Reduction Technologies 262
  • Benefit of Filters to Reduce or Eliminate Harmonics 262
  • Benefits of Reducing Flicker 262
  • Step 4 Determine Economic Analysis Method and Assumptions 262
  • Power Quality Improvement
  • Purchaser Perspective 265
  • Life Cycle 265
  • Time Value of Money 266
  • Equivalent First Cost 266
  • Present Worth Method 266
  • Benefit-to-Cost Method 267
  • Step 5 Perform Economic Analysis 268
  • Uncertainty 268
  • Sensitivity Analysis 268
  • Computer Programs 270
  • Chapter 9 Future Trends 273
  • United States Electric Utility Deregulation 274
  • United States Electric Power Industry 276
  • 1992 Energy Policy Act 277
  • Unbundling 280
  • Requirements for Power Quality Contracts 290
  • Contracts between TRANSCO and DISTCO or Direct-Service Customer 290
  • Contracts between DISTCO and End Users (or End-User Representative) 292
  • Contracts between RETAILCO or ESCO and End User 293
  • Enhanced Power Quality Requirements to Improve Productivity 293
  • Contracts between DISTCO and Small IPP 294
  • Deregulation versus Regulation 294
  • Power Quality Standards 295
  • International Utility Competition 295
  • Research and Development 297
  • Power Quality Parks 299.

Ejemplares similares