Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Power Grid Resiliency for Adverse Conditions; Contents; Foreword by Gerry Cauley; Foreword; Chapter 1 Heat Waves; Introduction; Effects of Heat Waves on Power Systems; Effect of High Ambient and Water Temperatures on Power Generation Systems; Effect of High Ambient and Water Temperatures on Thermoelectric Power Generation Systems; Case Histories; 2003 and 2006 Heat Waves: France; 2006 Heat Wave: North America; Heat Wave of 2011; Heat Wave of 2012; 2015 Heat Wave in Europe; 2015 Heat Wave in Texas; Preparation for Heat Waves; Demand Response; Demand Response in the United States; Conclusions.
  • Case HistoriesCase History: Drought Effects on Hydroelectric Generation in California; Case History: Drought Effects on Lake Mead and the Hoover Dam; Conclusions; Exercises; Exercise 2.1; Exercise 2.2; References; Appendix 2A: Summaries of Recent Case Histories of the Effects of Droughts and Heat Waves on Power Plants in the United States; Chapter 3 Effect of Droughts on Thermoelectric Power Plants; Introduction; Thermoelectric Plant Water Usage in the United States; Thermoelectric Cooling Technologies; Once-Through Cooling (OTC) System; Recirculating Systems; Dry Cooling; Hybrid Cooling.
  • Industry Sponsoring Cooling System R & DCase Study: Phaseout of OTC in California; Conclusions; Case History: Drought of 2011 in Texas; References; Selected Bibliography; Chapter 4 The California Heat Wave of 2006 and the Failure of Distribution Transformers; Introduction; Impact on the California Power System; Distribution System Event; Transmission and Generation Systems Behaviors During the Heat Wave; Failure of Distribution Transformers During Heat Waves; Rating Practices of Distribution Transformers in the United States.
  • Knowledge of Actual Loading and Failure Mechanisms of Distribution TransformersHot Spot and Top Oil Temperatures During Heat Waves; Estimating Remaining Life of Transformer; Formulation of Transformer Loss of Life Based on IEEE C57.91-1995; IEEE C57.91-1995 Clause 7 Thermal Model for Transformer Aging; Derivation of Hot Spot Temperature; Solar Heating of the Pole-Top Distribution Transformer; Lessons Learned; Conclusions; References; Selected Bibliography; Chapter 5 Extreme Weather Effects on Directly Buried Underground Cables; Introduction; Cable Ampacity and Thermal Conditions.