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Hydrogen production technologies /

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:	Libro Electrónico
Otros Autores:	Sankir, Mehmet (Editor ), Demirci Sankir, Nurdan (Editor )
Formato:	Electrónico eBook
Idioma:	Inglés
Publicado:	Beverly, MA : Hoboken, NJ : Scrivener Publishing ; John Wiley & Sons, 2017.
Colección:	Advances in hydrogen production and storage
Temas:	Hydrogen as fuel > Technological innovations. Hydrogen > Biotechnology. Hydrogen industry > Technological innovations. Hydrogène (Combustible) > Innovations. Hydrogène > Biotechnologie. Hydrogène > Industrie > Innovations. TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING > Power Resources > General.
Acceso en línea:	Texto completo

Tabla de Contenidos:

Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Part I Catalytic and Electrochemical Hydrogen Production
1 Hydrogen Production from Oxygenated Hydrocarbons: Review of Catalyst Development, Reaction Mechanism and Reactor Modeling
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Catalyst Development for the Steam Reforming Process
1.2.1 Catalyst Development for the Steam Reforming of Methanol (SRM)
1.2.2 Catalyst Development for the Steam Reforming of Ethanol (SRE)
1.2.2.1 Co-Based Catalysts for SRE
1.2.2.2 Ni-Based Catalysts for SRE
1.2.2.3 Bimetallic-Based Catalysts for SRE
1.2.3 Catalyst Development for the Steam Reforming of Glycerol (SRG)
1.3 Kinetics and Reaction Mechanism for Steam Reforming of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons
1.3.1 Surface Reaction Mechanism for SRM
1.3.2 Surface Reaction Mechanism for SRE
1.3.3 Surface Reaction Mechanism for SRG
1.4 Reactor Modeling and Simulation in Steam Reforming of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons
References
2 Ammonia Decomposition for Decentralized Hydrogen Production in Microchannel Reactors: Experiments and CFD Simulations
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Ammonia Decomposition for Hydrogen Production
2.2.1 Ammonia as a Hydrogen Carrier
2.2.2 Thermodynamics of Ammonia Decomposition
2.2.3 Reaction Mechanism and Kinetics for Ammonia Decomposition
2.2.3.1 Effect of Ammonia Concentration
2.2.3.2 Effect of Hydrogen Concentration
2.2.4 Current Status for Hydrogen Production Using Ammonia Decomposition
2.2.4.1 Microreactors for Ammonia Decomposition
2.3 Ammonia-Fueled Microchannel Reactors for Hydrogen Production: Experiments
2.3.1 Microchannel Reactor Design
2.3.2 Reactor Operation and Performance
2.3.2.1 Microchannel Reactor Operation
2.3.2.2 Performance and Operational Considerations
2.3.2.3 Performance Comparison with Other Ammonia Microreactors.
2.4 CFD Simulation of Hydrogen Production in Ammonia-Fueled Microchannel Reactors
2.4.1 Model Validation
2.4.2 Velocity, Temperature and Concentration Distributions
2.4.3 Evaluation of Mass Transport Limitations
2.4.4 Model Limitations: Towards Multiscale Simulations
2.5 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
3 Hydrogen Production with Membrane Systems
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Pd-Based Membranes
3.2.1 Long-Term Stability of Ceramic Supported Thin Pd-Based Membranes
3.2.2 Long-Term Stability of Metallic Supported Thin Pd-Based Membranes
3.3 Fuel Reforming in Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production
3.3.1 Ceramic Supported Pd-Based Membrane Reactor and Comparison with Commercial Membrane
3.3.2 Metallic Supported Pd-Based Membrane Reactor
3.4 Thermodynamic and Economic Analysis of Fluidized Bed Membrane Reactors for Methane Reforming
3.4.1 Comparison of Membrane Reactors to Emergent Technologies
3.4.1.1 Methods and Assumptions
3.4.1.2 Comparison
3.4.2 Techno-Economical Comparison of Membrane Reactors to Benchmark Reforming Plant
3.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
4 Catalytic Hydrogen Production from Bioethanol
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Production Technology Overview
4.2.1 Fermentative Hydrogen Production
4.2.2 Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
4.2.3 Aqueous Phase Reforming
4.2.4 CO2 Dry Reforming
4.2.5 Plasma Reforming
4.2.6 Partial Oxidation
4.2.7 Steam Reforming
4.3 Catalyst Overview
4.4 Catalyst Optimization Strategies
4.5 Reaction Mechanism and Kinetic Studies
4.6 Computational Approaches
4.7 Economic Considerations
4.8 Future Development Directions
Acknowledgment
References
5 Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane Using Transition Metal Nanoparticles as Catalyst
5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Transition Metal Nanoparticles in Catalysis
5.3 Preparation, Stabilization and Characterization of Metal Nanoparticles
5.4 Transition Metal Nanoparticles in Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane
5.5 Durability of Catalysts in Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane
5.6 Conclusion
References
6 Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis
6.1 Historical Aspects of Water Electrolysis
6.2 Fundamentals of Electrolysis
6.2.1 Thermodynamics
6.2.2 Kinetics and Efficiencies
6.3 Modern Status of Electrolysis
6.3.1 Water Electrolysis Technologies
6.3.2 Alkaline Water Electrolysis
6.3.3 PEM Water Electrolysis
6.3.4 High Temperature Water Electrolysis
6.4 Perspectives of Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis
Acknowledgment
References
7 Electrochemical Hydrogen Production from SO2 and Water in a SDE Electrolyzer
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Membrane Characterization
7.2.1 Weight Change
7.2.2 Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC)
7.2.3 TGA-MS
7.3 MEA Characterization
7.3.1 MEA Manufacture
7.3.2 MEA Characterization
7.4 Effect of Anode Impurities
7.5 High Temperature SO2 Electrolysis
7.6 Conclusion
References
Part II Bio Hydrogen Production
8 Biomass Fast Pyrolysis for Hydrogen Production from Bio-Oil
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Biomass Pyrolysis to Produce Bio-Oils
8.2.1 Fast Pyrolysis for Bio-Oil Production
8.2.2 Pyrolysis Reactions
8.2.2.1 Hemicellulose Pyrolysis
8.2.2.2 Cellulose Pyrolysis
8.2.2.3 Lignin Pyrolysis
8.2.2.4 Char Formation Process
8.2.3 Influence of the Pretreatment of Raw Biomass and Pyrolysis Paramenters on Bio-Oil Production
8.2.4 Pyrolysis Reactors
8.2.4.1 Drop Tube Reactor
8.2.4.2 Bubbling Fluid Beds
8.2.4.3 Circulating Fluid Beds and Transported Beds
8.2.4.4 Rotating Cone
8.2.4.5 Ablative Pyrolysis.
8.2.4.6 Vacuum Pyrolysis
8.2.4.7 Screw or Auger Reactors
8.3 Bio-oil Reforming Processes
8.3.1 Bio-oil Reforming Reactions
8.3.2 Reforming Catalysts
8.3.2.1 Non-Noble Metal-Based Catalysts
8.3.2.2 Noble Metal-Based Catalysts
8.3.2.3 Conventional Supports
8.3.2.4 Non-Conventional Supports
8.3.3 Reaction Systems
8.3.4 Reforming Process Intensifications
8.3.4.1 Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming
8.3.4.2 Chemical Looping
8.3.4.3 Sorption Enhanced Chemical Looping
8.4 Future Prospects
References
9 Production of a Clean Hydrogen-Rich Gas by the Staged Gasification of Biomass and Plastic Waste
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Chemistry of Gasification
9.3 Tar Cracking and H2 Production
9.4 Staged Gasification
9.4.1 Two-Stage UOS Gasification Process
9.4.2 Three-Stage UOS Gasification Process
9.5 Experimental Results and Discussion
9.5.1 Effects of Type of Feed Material on H2 Production
9.5.2 Effect of Activated Carbon on H2 Production
9.5.3 Effects of Other Reaction Parameters on H2 Production
9.5.3.1 Temperature
9.5.3.2 ER
9.5.3.3 Gasifying Agent
9.5.4 Comparison of Two-Stage and Three-Stage Gasifiers
9.5.5 Tar Removal Mechanism over Activated Carbon
9.5.6 Deactivation of Activated Carbon and Long-Term Gasification Experiments
9.5.7 Removal of Other Impurities (NH3, H2S, and HCl)
9.6 Conclusions
References
10 Enhancement of Bio-Hydrogen Production Technologies by Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria for H2 Production
10.3 Mathematical Modeling of the SR Fermentation
10.4 Bifurcation Analysis
10.5 Process Control Strategies
10.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
Nomenclature
References.
11 Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) as Innovative Technology for Sustainable Hydrogen Production: Fundamentals and Perspective Applications
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Principles of MEC for Hydrogen Production
11.3 Thermodynamics of MEC
11.4 Factors Influencing the Performance of MECs
11.4.1 Biological Factors
11.4.1.1 Electrochemically Active Bacteria (EAB) in MECs
11.4.1.2 Extracellular Electron Transfer in MECs
11.4.1.3 Inoculation and Source of Inoculum
11.4.2 Electrode Materials Used in MECs
11.4.2.1 Anode Electrode Materials
11.4.2.2 Cathode Electrode Materials or Catalysts
11.4.3 Membrane or Separator
11.4.4 Physical Factors
11.4.5 Substrates Used in MECs
11.4.6 MEC Operational Factors
11.4.6.1 Applied Voltage
11.4.6.2 Other Key Operational Factors
11.5 Current Application of MECs
11.5.1 Hydrogen Production and Wastewater Treatment
11.5.1.1 Treatment of DWW Using MECs
11.5.1.2 Use of MECs for Treatment of IWW and Other Types of WW
11.5.2 Application of MECs in Removal of Ammonium or Nitrogen from Urine
11.5.3 MECs for Valuable Products Synthesis
11.5.3.1 Methane (CH4)
11.5.3.2 Acetate
11.5.3.3 Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)
11.5.3.4 Ethanol (C2H5OH)
11.5.3.5 Formic Acid (HCOOH)
11.6 Conclusions and Prospective Application of MECs
Acknowledgments
References
12 Algae to Hydrogen: Novel Energy-Efficient Co-Production of Hydrogen and Power
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Algae Potential and Characteristics
12.2.1 Algae Potential
12.2.2 Types of Algae
12.2.3 Compositions of Algae
12.3 Energy-Efficient Energy Harvesting Technologies
12.4 Pretreatment (Drying)
12.5 Conversion of Algae to Hydrogen-Rich Gases
12.5.1 SCWG for Algae
12.5.1.1 Integrated System with SCWG
12.5.1.2 Analysis of the Integrated System.

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