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Oil and gas corrosion prevention : from surface facilities to refineries /
According to NACE (National Association of Corrosion Engineers), the total annual cost of corrosion in petroleum refining takes up 3.7 billion in the US alone. Corrosion control is always a challenge for the downstream industry, but as the quality of feedstock is declining due to refineries acceptin...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Oxford :
Gulf Professional,
[2014]
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Front Cover; Oil and Gas Corrosion Prevention; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; 2 Materials of Construction for Refinery Units; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Metals and Alloys; 2.2.1 Metals; 2.2.2 Alloys; 2.2.2.1 Ferrous Alloys; 2.2.2.2 Austenitic Alloys; 2.2.2.3 Ferritic Alloys; 2.2.3 Other Alloys; 2.3 Selection of Materials; 2.3.1 Distillation; 2.3.2 Coking; 2.3.3 Fluid Catalytic Cracking; 2.3.4 Hydroprocesses; 2.3.4.1 Hydrotreating and Hydrodesulfurization; 2.3.4.2 Hydrocracking; 2.3.5 Other Processes; 2.3.5.1 Catalytic Reforming; 2.3.5.2 Alkylation; 2.3.5.3 Polymerization.
- 2.3.5.4 Hydrogen Production2.3.6 Sour Water Strippers; 2.3.7 Cooling Water Systems; 2.3.7.1 Freshwater and Polluted Water; 2.3.7.2 Polluted Saltwater; 2.3.7.3 Cooling Towers; 2.3.8 Gas Processing; 2.3.8.1 General; 2.3.8.2 Amine Plant; 2.4 Pipes and Pipelines; 2.4.1 Low- and High-Temperature Services; 2.4.2 Water-Hydrogen Sulfide Service; 2.4.3 Hydrocarbon-Hydrogen Service; References; 3 Corrosion in Refinery Units; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Storage Tanks; 3.3 Desalting; 3.3.1 Conventional Crude Oil; 3.3.2 Heavy Crude Oil; 3.3.3 Opportunity Crude Oil and Oil from Tight Shale; 3.4 Distillation.
- 3.4.1 Hydrogen Chloride/Hydrogen Sulfide Corrosion3.5 Naphthenic Acid Corrosion; 3.6 Coking; 3.7 Catalytic Cracking; 3.8 Hydroprocesses; 3.9 Product Improvement Processes; 3.9.1 Solvent Processes; 3.9.2 Reforming Processes; 3.9.3 Alkylation Processes; 3.9.4 Polymerization Processes; 3.9.5 Isomerization Processes; 3.9.6 Caustic Treating Processes; References; Further Reading; 4 Corrosion in Gas Processing Plants; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Gas Streams; 4.2.1 Natural Gas; 4.2.2 Refinery Gas; 4.3 Corrosion Chemistry; 4.3.1 Hydrogen Sulfide; 4.3.2 Carbon Dioxide; 4.3.3 Other Corrosive Agents.
- 4.4 Gas Cleaning4.4.1 Acid-Gas Removal; 4.4.2 Sour Water Stripper; 4.4.3 Sulfur Recovery Unit; 4.4.3.1 Claus Process; 4.4.3.2 Other Processes; 4.4.4 Acid-Flare Header; References; Further Reading; 5 Corrosion in Other Systems; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Heat Exchangers; 5.3 Pipelines; 5.4 Offshore Corrosion; 5.4.1 Offshore Structures; 5.4.2 Stainless Steel; 5.4.3 Carbon Steel; 5.4.4 Copper Base Alloys; 5.4.5 Corrosion by Polluted Water; References; 6 Corrosion Monitoring and Control; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Corrosion Monitoring; 6.2.1 Corrosion Coupons; 6.2.2 Electrical Resistance Methods.
- 6.2.3 Field Signature Methods6.2.4 Linear Polarization Resistance Monitoring; 6.2.5 Galvanic Monitoring; 6.2.6 Other Methods; 6.2.6.1 Iron Powder Test; 6.2.6.2 Hydrogen Penetration Monitoring; 6.2.6.3 Radiography; 6.2.6.4 Biological Monitoring; 6.2.7 Real-Time Monitoring; 6.3 Corrosion Control and Inhibition; 6.3.1 Cathodic Protection; 6.3.2 Galvanic Cathodic Protection; 6.3.3 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection; 6.3.4 Cathodic Shielding; 6.4 Corrosion Control in Refineries; 6.4.1 Crude Oil Quality; 6.4.2 Acidic Corrosion; 6.4.3 Sulfidic Corrosion; 6.4.4 Carburization.