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Surfactants and interfacial phenomena /
"This book provides an easy-to-read, user-friendly resource for industrial chemists and a text for classroom use, and is an unparalleled tool for understanding and applying the latest information on surfactants. Problems are included at the end of each chapter to enhance the reader's under...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Hoboken, N.J. :
Wiley,
2012.
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| Edición: | 4th ed. |
| Colección: | Engineering professional collection
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1: Characteristic Featuresof Surfactants; I. CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA AND SURFACTANTS BECOME SIGNIFICANT; II. GENERAL STRUCTURAL FEATURES AND BEHAVIOR OF SURFACTANTS; A. General Use of Charge Types; B. General Effects of the Nature of the Hydrophobic Group; 1. Length of the Hydrophobic Group; 2. Branching, Unsaturation; 3. Aromatic Nucleus; 4. Polyoxypropylene or Polyoxyethylene (POE) Units; 5. Perfluoroalkyl or Polysiloxane Group; III. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF SURFACTANTS; A. Surfactant Biodegradab.
- 2. Polyoxyethylenated Straight-Chain Alcohols3. Polyoxyethylenated Polyoxypropylene Glycols; 4. Polyoxyethylenated Mercaptans; 5. Long-Chain Carboxylic Acid Esters; 6. Alkanolamine "Condensates," Alkanolamides; 7. Tertiary Acetylenic Glycols and Their "Ethoxylates"; 8. Polyoxyethylenated Silicones; 9. N-Alkylpyrrolid(in)ones; 10. Alkylpolyglycosides; D. Zwitterionics; 1. pH-Sensitive Zwitterionics; 2. pH-Insensitive Zwitterionics; E. Newer Surfactants Based Upon Renewable Raw Materials; 1. a-Sulfofatty Acid Methyl Esters (SME); 2. Acylated Aminoacids; 3. Nopol Alkoxylates.
- B. Surfactant Toxicity Skin Irritation; IV. CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES AND USES OF COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE SURFACTANTS; A. Anionics; 1. Carboxylic Acid Salts; 2. Sulfonic Acid Salts; 3. Sulfuric Acid Ester Salts; 4. Phosphoric and Polyphosphoric Acid Esters; 5. Fluorinated Anionics; B. Cationics; 1. Long-Chain Amines and Their Salts; 2. Acylated Diamines and Polyamines and Their Salts; 3. Quaternary Ammonium Salts; 4. Polyoxyethylenated Long-Chain Amines; 5. Quaternized POE Long-Chain Amines; 6. Amine Oxides; C. Nonionics; 1. Polyoxyethylenated Alkylphenols, Alkylphenol "Ethoxylates."
- D. Adsorption from Aqueous Solution onto Nonpolar, Hydrophobic AdsorbentsE. Adsorption from Aqueous Solution onto Polar Adsorbents without Strongly Charged Sites; F. Effects of Adsorption from Aqueous Solution on the Surface Properties of the Solid Adsorbent; 1. Substrates with Strongly Charged Sites; 2. Nonpolar Adsorbents; G. Adsorption from Nonaqueous Solution; H. Determination of the Specific Surface Areas of Solids; III. ADSORPTION AT THE LIQUID-GAS (L/G) AND LIQUID-LIQUID (L/L) INTERFACES; A. The Gibbs Adsorption Equation.
- V. SOME USEFUL GENERALIZATIONSVI. ELECTRONIC SEARCHING OF THE SURFACTANT LITERATURE; REFERENCES; PROBLEMS; 2: Adsorption of Surface-Active Agents at Interfaces: The Electrical Double Layer; I. THE ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER; II. ADSORPTION AT THE SOLID-LIQUID INTERFACE; A. Mechanisms of Adsorption and Aggregation; B. Adsorption Isotherms; 1. The Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm; C. Adsorption from Aqueous Solution onto Adsorbents with Strongly Charged Sites; 1. Ionic Surfactants; 2. Nonionic Surfactants; 3. pH Change; 4. Ionic Strength; 5. Temperature.