Fundamentals of test measurement instrumentation /

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Cheatle, Keith
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Research Triangle Park, NC : ISA--Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society, ©2006.
Colección:Knovel Library.
Temas:
Electronic instruments.
Testing > Equipment and supplies.
Physical measurements.
Appareils électroniques.
Essais (Technologie) > Appareils et matériel.
Mesures physiques.
Electronic instruments
Physical measurements
Testing > Equipment and supplies
Electrical & Computer Engineering.
Engineering & Applied Sciences.
Electrical Engineering.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Machine derived contents note: Table of
  • Contents
  • 1 Introduction to Test Measurement Instrumentation. 1
  • 1.1 Introduction 1
  • 1.2 Why and Where Test Measurement Instrumentation Is Used 2
  • 1.3 Components of a Test Measurement System 3
  • 1.4 Characteristics of an Ideal Test Measurement System 11
  • 1.5 Differences between Test Measurement Instrumentation and
  • Process Instrumentation 15
  • 1.6 Smart Transducers 17
  • 2 Static Transducer Characteristics 19
  • 2.1
  • Hysteresis 25
  • 2.2
  • Deadband 28
  • 2.3
  • Linearity 31
  • 2.4
  • Conformity 36
  • 2.5
  • Repeatability 38
  • 2.6
  • Accuracy 40
  • 2.7
  • Resolution 41
  • 2.8
  • Environmental Effects on Transducer Characteristics 41
  • 3 Dynamic Transducer Characteristics 43
  • 3.1 Frequency Response 45
  • 3.2 Response Time 47
  • 3.3 Damping 48
  • v
  • 4 Transducer Types 51
  • 4.1 Temperature Transducers 51
  • 4.2 Pressure Transducers 66
  • 4.3 Flow Transducers 76
  • 4.4 Displacement Transducers 87
  • 4.5 Velocity Transducers 99
  • 4.6 Acceleration Transducers 103
  • 4.7 Force Transducers 108
  • 4.8 Strain Transducers 112
  • 5 Signal Conditioning 121
  • 5.1 Voltage Amplifiers 123
  • 5.2 Linearizing Amplifiers 126
  • 5.3 Strain Gauge Amplifiers 126
  • 5.4 Charge Amplifiers 129
  • 5.5 Filters 131
  • 5.6 Signal Isolators 133
  • 5.7 Analog-to-Digital Converters 133
  • 5.8 Differential versus Single-Ended Inputs 135
  • 6 Transducer Installation 139
  • 6.1 Wiring and Cabling 140
  • 6.2 Grounding 142
  • 6.3 Connecting to the Test Rig 142
  • 7 Data Acquisition. 147
  • 7.1 Digital Indicators 147
  • 7.2 Recorders 150
  • 7.3 Data Loggers 151
  • 7.4 Data Acquisition Systems 151
  • 7.5 Filters 154
  • 8 Data Reduction and Analysis 157
  • 8.1 Graphing 158
  • 8.2 Sorting 159
  • 8.3 Signal Analyzers 160
  • 9 Equipment Calibration. 165
  • 9.1 Component Calibration 171
  • 9.2 System Calibration 172
  • 9.3 In Situ Calibration 173
  • 9.4 Calibration Standards 173
  • 9.5 Multifunction Calibrators 174
  • 9.6 Calibration Records 175
  • 9.7 Calibration Laboratory Requirements 177
  • 9.8 Calibration System Software 178
  • 9.9 Software Validation 180
  • 9.10 Quality Assurance System Requirements 181
  • 9.11 International, National, and Other Standards 182
  • 9.12 Calibration Equipment Specifications 184
  • 10 Pressure Calibration 189
  • 10.1 Dead-Weight Testers 189
  • 10.2 Water Dead-Weight Testers 196
  • 10.3 Oil Dead-Weight Testers 196
  • 10.4 Pneumatic Dead-Weight Testers 196
  • 10.5 Digital Calibrators 198
  • 10.6 Manometers 199
  • 11 Temperature Calibration 203
  • 11.1 Temperature Calibration Baths 204
  • 11.2 Dry Block Calibrators 209
  • 11.3 Temperature Calibration Furnaces 211
  • 11.4 Infrared Calibrators 212
  • 11.5 Thermocouple and RTD Simulators 213
  • 11.6 Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers 214
  • 11.7 Triple Point of Water Cells 216
  • 11.8 Metal Fixed Point Cells 219
  • 11.9 Ice Baths 221
  • 11.10 Boiling Point of Water 222
  • 12 Electrical Calibration 223
  • 12.1 Voltage 223
  • 12.2 Current 225
  • 12.3 Resistance 226
  • 1. 12.4 Thermocouples 228
  • 2. 12.5 Multifunction Calibrators 229
  • 13 Force Calibration 233
  • 13.1
  • Dead-Weight Force Calibration 233
  • 13.2
  • Proving Rings 238
  • 13.3
  • Hydraulic Presses 240
  • 13.4
  • Shunt Calibration 241
  • 14 Flow Calibration 245
  • 1. 14.1 Provers 247
  • 2. 14.2 Weigh Tank 250
  • 3. 14.3 PVTt Calibration Facility 250
  • 4. 14.4 Reference Flow Sensor 253
  • 15 Displacement Calibration 255
  • 1. 15.1 Gauge Blocks 256
  • 2. 15.2 Dial Indicators 257
  • 16 Vibration Calibration 259
  • 1. 16.1 Shaker Table 265
  • 2. 16.2 Reference Accelerometer 268
  • 17 Strain Gauge Calibration 271
  • 17.1 Bridge Shunt Calibration 272
  • 18 System Accuracy 277
  • 1. 18.1 System Accuracy Statistics 278
  • 2. 18.2 Root Sum Square Versus Sum of Errors 284
  • 3. 18.3 Standards Accuracy 285
  • 4. 18.4 Test Uncertainty Ratio 286
  • 5. 18.5 Uncertainty Versus Accuracy 287
  • 19 Transducer Specifications 293
  • 1. 19.1 Interpreting Manufacturer¿s Specification Sheets 294
  • 2. 19.2 Transducer Type 305
  • 19.3
  • Operating Principle 306
  • 19.4
  • Accuracy (% of full scale vs. % of reading) 306
  • 19.5
  • Linearity 307
  • 19.6
  • Hysteresis 308
  • 19.7
  • Environmental Operating Limits 308
  • 20 Test Procedure Design 311
  • 1. 20.1 Test Objective 312
  • 2. 20.2 Required Measurements 312
  • 3. 20.3 Accuracy Requirements 312
  • 4. 20.4 Frequency Response Requirements 313
  • 5. 20.5 Transducer Test Environment Limits 314
  • 6. 20.6 Transducer Connections and Space Limitations 314
  • 7. 20.7 Test Data Format 315
  • 8. 20.8 Test Data Analysis 316
  • 9. 20.9 Transducer Selection 317
  • 20.10 Calibration Requirements 317
  • Appendix 1 Internet Links to Measurement Instrumentation Information 319
  • Appendix 2 Internet Links to General Engineering Information 331
  • Index 333.

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