Refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history /

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With five case studies from Greece, Tanzania, Pakistan, Uganda, and Egypt, this book tracks refugee self-reliance as a malleable concept used to pursue ulterior interests. It reshapes understandings of refugee self-reliance and delivers important messages for contemporary policymaking.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Easton-Calabria, Evan Elise (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Bristol, UK : Bristol University Press, 2022.
Temas:
Refugees > Economic conditions.
Self-reliance.
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Emigration & Immigration.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Front Cover
  • Refugees, Self- Reliance, Development: A Critical History
  • Copyright information
  • Dedication
  • Epigraph
  • Table of contents
  • List of Figures and Tables
  • Abbreviations and Acronyms
  • Notes on the Author
  • Acknowledgments
  • 1 Introduction: Why Refugee Self-Reliance?
  • Discussions of refugee self-reliance today
  • 'Solving' refugees' lack of self-reliance
  • Refugees as economic subjects
  • Main arguments and themes
  • Why historicize refugee self-reliance?
  • Situating the story: academic disciplines and theoretical approaches
  • The geography of refugee self-reliance
  • Where does the story come from? Sources and methods
  • A note on terminology
  • Chapter overview
  • Chapter 2: Self-sufficiency out of necessity: refugee self-reliance assistance in interwar Greece
  • Chapter 3: Socialism and self-reliance: refugee assistance in post-colonial East Africa
  • Chapter 4: Warriors of self-reliance: refugee self-reliance in Cold War Pakistan
  • Chapter 5: Dignity in informality? Urban refugee self-reliance assistance in Kampala, Uganda
  • Chapter 6: Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee self-reliance and the digital gig economy
  • Conclusion
  • 2 Self-Sufficiency out of Necessity: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Interwar Greece
  • Introduction
  • The League of Nations and refugee self-reliance
  • Self-reliance assistance in interwar Greece
  • Refugee self-reliance assistance practices
  • Agricultural settlement
  • Urban refugee settlements
  • Loans for refugees and the refugee-led revolving fund
  • Vocational training and small-scale industries
  • Refugee employment and ILO's employment-matching scheme
  • The Refugee Loan
  • The Great Depression and refugee settlement
  • Shifting conceptions of refugees as workers
  • 3 Socialism and Self-Reliance: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Post-Colonial East Africa
  • Introduction.
  • Decolonization and the advent of refugee assistance in Africa
  • Zonal development and refugee self-reliance
  • The 'development project' and refugee agency
  • Refugee self-reliance assistance in post-colonial Tanzania
  • Refugee self-reliance assistance practices
  • Self-reliance assistance in the Mwese refugee settlement
  • The structure of refugee self-reliance assistance
  • Refugee self-reliance, politics, exploitation
  • Refugee self-reliance in Tanzania
  • The longer history of integrated rural development programmes
  • Colonialism and refugee self-reliance
  • Conclusion
  • 4 Warriors of Self-Reliance: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Cold War Pakistan
  • Introduction
  • UNHCR's 'Refugee Aid and Development Strategy'
  • Refugee self-reliance assistance to Afghan refugees in Pakistan
  • 1979-1985: emergency relief and waged employment
  • The UNHCR/World Bank project
  • 1986-1989: dependency syndrome and psychosocial support
  • From wage-based employment to psychosocial protection
  • 1989-1995: self-reliance as a protection tool
  • Self-reliance and cuts to food rations
  • The gendered nature of self-reliance
  • The early 1990s: repatriation and the 'Afghanisation' of NGOs
  • Self-reliance, dependency
  • and welfare?
  • The 'internationalization' of welfare and economic discourse
  • Domestic to international policy shifts
  • Notions of dependency and welfare
  • Vulnerable populations of refugees
  • Conclusion
  • 5 Dignity in Informality? Urban Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Kampala, Uganda
  • Introduction
  • Repatriation, Targeted Development Assistance, and refugee livelihoods
  • Refugee self-reliance assistance in Uganda
  • Providers of livelihoods assistance in Kampala
  • Self-reliance assistance practices in Kampala
  • The structure of livelihoods trainings
  • The challenges of creating livelihoods
  • Access to markets and capital.
  • Local authorities and livelihoods
  • Fostering livelihoods, promoting protection?
  • Local and international discourses on self-reliance
  • Non-economic benefits of livelihoods trainings
  • The disappointing gap between refugee livelihoods' rhetoric and reality
  • Refugees as urban market subjects
  • Lack of practical steps to support individual refugee self-reliance
  • The structural factors of self-reliance
  • Self-reliance and quality of life
  • The instrumentalization of refugee self-reliance assistance
  • Conclusion
  • 6 Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee Self-Reliance and the Digital Gig Economy
  • Introduction
  • 'Enhancing' refugee self-reliance and digital access
  • Tomooh: a digital livelihood in Cairo, Egypt
  • Tomooh
  • The digital livelihoods landscape for refugees
  • The geography of digital work initiatives for refugees
  • Types of digital work for refugees
  • Types of assistance actors promoting digital livelihoods
  • Online work platforms and refugee self-reliance
  • Informal digital trade
  • Challenges and barriers to digital work for refugees
  • 'Ideal' refugee self-reliance and the (worrying) future of work
  • Linkages to the future of work
  • Conclusion
  • 7 Conclusion
  • Theoretical contributions to the study of refugee self-reliance
  • Take-aways for policy and practice: what have we learned?
  • Self-reliance, development, and welfare
  • From bottom-up to top-down
  • The outcomes of refugee self-reliance assistance
  • Poverty and self-reliance
  • Final word
  • A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases
  • Annex: A Note on Methods and Sources
  • A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases
  • References
  • Primary literature
  • Afghanistan Center Archives, Kabul University (Digital archive)
  • Brainerd P. Salmon Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University).
  • General Boxes, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK)
  • International Labour Organization Archive (UN, Geneva)
  • League of Nations Archive (UN, Geneva)
  • Neldner Collection (University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection, Oxford, UK)
  • Ruth A. Palmeree Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University)
  • T. F. Betts Collection, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK)
  • UNHCR Archives (Geneva and online catalogue)
  • UNHCR Policy Documents (contemporary, digitally accessed)
  • Miscellaneously acquired archival documents (primary or secondary archival documents accessed online or through the Bodleian Library Collection, University of Oxford)
  • Qualitative interviews
  • Secondary literature
  • Index
  • Back Cover.

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