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From ritual to refuse faunal exploitation by the elite of Chinikiha, Chiapas, during the late classic period.
From Ritual to Refuse explores the faunal exploitation by the Maya elite at the site of Chinikihá, Chiapas, during the end of the Late Classic period (AD 700-850) by applying zooarchaeological and statistical analyses to a faunal assemblage located in a basurero or midden behind a palatial structur...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
[S.l.] :
ARCHAEOPRESS ARCHAEOLOGY,
2022.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Machine generated contents note: Problem statement
- Research problem
- Aims
- Research design
- Defining a feast
- Feasting as a repetitive behaviour
- Feasting and social change
- role of feasts
- Feasts and the religious sphere
- Feasts and the social sphere
- Feasts and the political sphere
- Feast and social inequality
- Anthropological markers of feasting
- Specific fauna and botanical products
- Food preparation and presentation
- Location of preparation and feasting areas
- Location of disposal features
- Correlating the anthropological markers with the archaeological record
- Zooarchaeological markers for feasting
- High density of faunal and ceramic remains
- Special location or in a setting in association with ritual activities
- Associated cooking and preparation areas
- Special foods, rarely eaten or costly to obtain
- Storage facilities for food, and storing vessels
- Special contexts that may be discrete deposits
- High proportions of symbolically important species
- Focus on one species and low species diversity
- High frequency of young or immature animals
- High proportions of butchered and processed remains
- Presence of articulated remains
- Taphonomic modifications of bones in feasting contexts
- Feasting in Mesoamerica and the Maya area
- Feasts and social inequality
- Domestic, state-controlled feasting, and gender relations
- Limitations in identifying feasting in the archaeological record
- Identifying the nature of the deposit
- Presence of faunal remains in different contexts
- taphonomic history of the deposit: different types of context, same materials?
- Special deposits
- Dedicatory and termination deposits
- Caches and votive offerings
- Disposal and feasting
- importance of identifying the context
- Political Interaction in the Maya Lowlands during the Late Classic period
- Independent sites and intra-site relationships: The hieroglyphic evidence
- Site description and previous archaeological works
- Palenque and Chinikiha: The regional setting
- Chinikiha during the Late Classic/Terminal period
- Maya collapse during the Classic period
- socio-political hypothesis
- environmental hypothesis
- dietary failure model, diet and differential access to natural resources during the Late Classic/Terminal period
- A.Temporal differences in the consumption of corn in the Maya region
- B.Temporal differences in the consumption of meat in the Maya region
- Is there evidence for deer management or semi-domestication?
- Summary
- Description of the excavations
- Operacion 110
- Operaciones 111, 112 and 115
- human burials in Operaciones 111 and 112
- Operacion 201 (Chancala)
- Operacion 202 (San Juan Chancalafto)
- Operacion 114
- Other archaeological materials recovered from Operacion 114
- Situating Operacion 114 in a chronological framework
- Using the ceramic complex as a temporal proxy
- Comparing the ceramic assemblage from Operacion 114 with other sites
- Direct dating
- Summary
- Zooarchaeological analysis
- Limitations
- Defining the variables
- Specimen count
- Number of identified specimens (NISP)
- Minimum number of individuals (MNI)
- Minimum number of elements (MNE) and skeletal completeness
- Minimum number of elements (MNE)
- Skeletal completeness
- Minimum of animal units (MAU) and food utility index (FUI)
- Taxonomic identification
- Analysis by location
- Diversity index
- Age, sex, seasonality and mortality profiles
- Age
- Sex
- Seasonality and mortality profiles
- Taphonomic modifications
- Degree of fragmentation and type of fracture
- Faunal modifications
- Human modifications
- Weathering stages
- Presenting the results and interpretation
- Use of isotope analysis and its justification
- theoretical background
- Isotopes in the environment
- Stable isotopes in bone tissues
- Plant ingestion, canopy effect, and tissue fractionation
- Isotope measurements
- A.Identifying maize consumption through carbon isotope analysis
- B.Identifying animal protein consumption through nitrogen isotope analysis
- Brief description of isotope analysis in the Maya area
- Isotope methodology and techniques
- Extracting collagen
- Extracting apatite
- Bone preservation and diagenesis
- Collagen yield
- Proportion of carbon and nitrogen (%C and %N)
- Atomic ratio of carbon to nitrogen in collagen (C/N)
- Crystallinity index (CI)
- Sampling
- Creating a diet baseline for Chinikiha
- Ancient Maya 'menu'
- Modern plant and animal samples
- Archaeological faunal and human samples
- Sampling teeth
- Sampling bone
- Results
- Specimens count
- Number of identified specimens (NISP) and taxonomic identification
- Minimum number of individuals (MNI)
- Distribution of skeletal elements
- Diversity index
- Importance of taxa represented
- Artiodactyla
- Carnivora
- Lagomorpha
- Edentata
- Rodentia
- Perissodactyla
- Testudines
- Shell remains
- Origin of fauna by environmental zone
- Temporal and geographic variation in faunal consumption
- Analysis by location: results
- Operacion 110
- Operaciones 111, 112, and 115
- Operacion 114
- Operacion 201 (Chancala)
- Operacion 202 (San Juan Chancalafto)
- Identification of age and sex
- Age
- Sex
- Taphonomic modifications
- Degree of fragmentation and type of fracture
- Presence of articulated remains
- Presence of burned material
- Faunal modifications
- Human modifications
- Processing of dietary taxa
- Worked bone and shell
- Weathering stages
- Correlating the faunal assemblage by context
- Summary
- Part one: testing for a spatial patterning
- Distribution of the material by square and layer
- Distribution by age
- Distribution by sex
- Mortality and seasonality profiles
- Mortality profile
- Seasonality profile
- Distribution of faunal modifications and environmental modifications
- Carnivore chewing
- Rodent gnawing
- Weathering stages
- Part two: testing for processing patterns
- Distribution of anatomical regions
- Minimum number of elements (MNE) and minimum animal units (MAU)
- Food utility index (FUI)
- Bone fragmentation
- Patterns of cut marks
- Patterns of skinning, dismemberment, and butchering
- Burned bone
- Part three: Testing for rituality
- Deer haunch sidedness
- Distribution of human remains
- Distribution of dog remains
- Comparison between white-tailed deer, dog, and human remains
- Summary
- Diagenesis at Chinikiha
- Proportion of carbon and nitrogen (%C and %N)
- Ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N)
- Crystallinity index (CI)
- Limitations of the isotopic analysis
- Results
- Reconstruction of the palaeodiet
- Fauna
- Humans
- Corn consumption by fauna and humans
- Deer domestication: Is it possible to identify?
- Differences by age, sex, and status among the human samples
- Differences by age: dietary changes from childhood to adulthood
- Differences by sex: differential access to resources
- Differences by location: differences by social classes
- Relationship between the isotope analysis and palaeopathology: a proxy approach to diet reconstruction
- Discussion
- Summary
- Results of the zooarchaeological analysis
- Testing for spatial patterning: results
- Testing for processing patterns: results
- Testing for ritual exploitation: results
- Results of the isotopic analysis
- Situating the results within the dietary failure model
- 1.Hunting pressure, incremental use of favoured species and increased diversity
- 2.Associated increase in the use of meaty portions by elites
- 3.Generalised inefficiency in the use of carcasses
- identification of function of operacion 114
- Operacion 114 and its taphonomic history
- Zooarchaeoological markers for feasting
- Comparisons with other assemblages
- Comparison with operacion 201
- Regional comparisons
- Feasting during the Late Classic period.