Electromagnetics in magnetic resonance imaging : physical principles, related applications, and ongoing developments /

In the past few decades, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an indispensable tool in modern medicine, with MRI systems now available at every major hospital in the developed world. But for all its utility and prevalence, it is much less commonly understood and less readily explained than ot...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Collins, Christopher M. (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: San Rafael [California] (40 Oak Drive, San Rafael, CA, 94903, USA) : Morgan & Claypool Publishers, [2016]
Colección:IOP concise physics.
IOP (Series). Release 2.
Temas:
Magnetic resonance imaging.
Electromagnetic theory.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR/MRI).
MEDICAL / Radiology, Radiotherapy & Nuclear Medicine.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Preface
  • 1. Fundamentals of MRI--fields and basic pulse sequences
  • 1.1. Proportionality of net nuclear magnetization to static magnetic field strength, B0
  • 1.2. Classical description of nuclear precession
  • 1.3. Manipulating M in a static B0 field with an RF (B1) pulse
  • 1.4. Free induction decay
  • 1.5. Slice-selective excitation
  • 1.6. Encoding spatial information into the net magnetization
  • 1.7. Introduction to k-space for simple image acquisition and reconstruction
  • 1.8. Imaging slices with arbitrary orientations and 3D volumes
  • 1.9. Basic image contrast: proton density, T1, and T2 weighted spin echo images
  • 2. Fundamentals of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
  • 2.1. Signal strength as a function of static and RF magnetic fields
  • 2.2. Noise and intrinsic SNR
  • 2.3. Quantitative calculation of SNR from electromagnetic fields
  • 2.4. Effects of image sequence parameters on SNR
  • 2.5. Array reception
  • 3. Fields and hardware for MRI
  • 3.1. Static magnetic (B0) fields
  • 3.2. Switched gradient magnetic fields
  • 3.3. RF magnetic (B1) fields
  • 4. Tissue/field interactions, MRI safety, and field-related image artifacts
  • 4.1. Interactions between fields in MRI and biological tissue
  • 4.2. Interactions between fields in MRI and ferromagnetic and conductive materials
  • 4.3. Safety and biological effects of static, switched, and RF magnetic fields in MRI
  • 4.4. Some field-related image artifacts in MRI and basic methods for their reduction
  • 5. MRI-based measurement of field distributions and tissue heating
  • 5.1. Mapping the static magnetic field distribution
  • 5.2. Mapping RF magnetic fields
  • 5.3. Mapping RF-induced heating
  • 6. Recent and ongoing developments
  • 6.1. Parallel imaging
  • 6.2. Transmit coil arrays
  • 6.3. Gradient field monitoring
  • 6.4. High-permittivity materials and meta-materials for manipulating RF fields in MRI
  • 6.5. MR fingerprinting
  • 6.6. Measurement of tissue electromagnetic properties
  • 7. Conclusion.

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