The molecule as meme /

It was not until 1971 that the authority for defining scientific units, the General Conference of Weights and Measures got around to defining the unit that is the basis of chemistry (the mole, or the quantity of something). Yet for all this tardiness in putting the chemical sciences on a sound quant...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Williams, Jeffrey H. (Jeffrey Huw), 1956- (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: San Rafael [California] (40 Oak Drive, San Rafael, CA, 94903, USA) : Morgan & Claypool Publishers, [2018]
Colección:IOP (Series). Release 5.
IOP concise physics.
Temas:
Molecules.
Atomic theory > History.
Physics.
SCIENCE / Physics / General.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • 1. Atomism
  • 1.1. Greek atomism
  • 1.2. The atomic renaissance
  • 1.3. Early-modern atomic theory, and the birth of experimental science
  • 2. Order in the kinetic chaos
  • 2.1. Going inside the indivisible atom
  • 2.2. At the centre of the atom
  • 2.3. Wave-like, or particle-like?
  • 2.4. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
  • 3. How molecules have been viewed
  • 3.1. Some history
  • 4. The molecular meme : Avogadro and his constant
  • 4.1. Measurement of NA by x-ray crystal density (XRCD) methods
  • 4.2. The mole, or the quantity of something
  • 5. The reality of molecules
  • 5.1. The origin of physical chemistry
  • 5.2. Albert Einstein's PhD thesis
  • 5.3. Robert Brown and pollen grains
  • 5.4. Brownian motion
  • 5.5. Final comment
  • 6. A physical chemistry primer
  • 6.1. The debate about Brownian motion
  • 6.2. Continuum models
  • 6.3. Brownian motion and the molecular meme
  • 6.4. Osmotic pressure
  • 6.5. Brownian motion after Einstein
  • 6.6. Jean Perrin's determination of Avogadro's number
  • 7. How is energy partitioned in molecules?
  • 7.1. Degrees of freedom
  • 7.2. Translational energy and ideal gases
  • 7.3. Rotational and vibrational dynamics
  • 7.4. The end of classical physics
  • 7.5. Heat capacities
  • 7.6. Black-body radiation and the birth of quantum mechanics
  • 7.7. A final point : entropy
  • 8. The quantum mechanical synthesis of chemistry and physics
  • 8.1. Coupling electrons together
  • 8.2. The angular momenta of multiple systems
  • 8.3. Term symbols
  • 8.4. The Pauli principle
  • 8.5. The periodic table of elements
  • 9. Molecules and emergent properties
  • 9.1. Origin of complexity
  • 9.2. Complexity arising between atoms
  • 10. Making measurable the invisibly small : the interaction of molecules with electric and magnetic fields
  • 10.1. Molecular polarization
  • 10.2. The Clausius-Mosotti equation
  • 10.3. Equilibrium-averaged dipole moment
  • 10.4. The local field
  • 10.5. Dynamic electric and magnetic fields
  • 10.6. Maxwell's equations
  • 10.7. Unit conversion
  • 10.8. The polarization of electromagnetic radiation
  • 10.9. Linear and circular polarization
  • 11. Optical activity
  • 11.1. Some background details about magnetic fields
  • 11.2. Experimental and theoretical details of optical activity
  • 11.3. The Faraday effect
  • 11.4. The Kerr effect
  • 12. From the point of view of the molecule
  • 12.1. A vector
  • 12.2. Cartesian tensors
  • 12.3. Some useful properties of tensors
  • 12.4. Isotropic averages of tensors
  • 12.5. Collision-induced light scattering
  • 13. Conclusion : molecules as microcosms
  • 13.1. Molecular motors
  • 13.2. The devil in the detail.

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