Principles of lightning physics /

Principles of Lightning Physics presents and discusses the most up-to-date physical concepts that govern many lightning events in nature, including lightning interactions with man-made structures, at a level suitable for researchers, advanced students and well-educated lightning enthusiasts. The aut...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Mazur, Vladislav (Autor)
Formato: Electrónico Video
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Bristol [England] (Temple Circus, Temple Way, Bristol BS1 6HG, UK) : IOP Publishing, [2016]
Colección:IOP (Series). Release 3.
IOP expanding physics.
Temas:
Lightning.
Atmospheric physics.
SCIENCE / Physics / Geophysics.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Preface
  • 1. The components of lightning
  • 1.1. Features of lightning plasma
  • 1.2. Lightning is more than a spark
  • 1.3. Conditions for leader propagation
  • 1.4. Lightning leaders in nature
  • 2. Lightning leaders versus free-burning arcs
  • 2.1. Similarities and differences
  • 2.2. The E-I relationship, from the results of laboratory measurements and the modeling of free-burning arcs
  • 2.3. The E-I relationship and the luminosity of leader channels
  • 3. Physical concepts of a lightning leader model
  • 3.1. The space charge leader concept based on cloud charge collection
  • 3.2. The bi-directional, uncharged leader concept based on induced charges
  • 3.3. Comparing the outputs of the two leader models
  • 4. Verifying the concept of the bidirectional leader
  • 4.1. How studying lightning strikes to aircraft has helped to solve the puzzle of lightning development
  • 4.2. How does an aircraft trigger lightning?
  • 4.3. Environmental conditions that lead to aircraft-triggered lightning
  • 5. Defining the types of lightning
  • 5.1. The visible features of lightning flashes
  • 5.2. Defining the types of lightning using the bidirectional, bipolar leader concept
  • 6. The electrostatic theory of lightning discharges
  • 6.1. Cloud potential and induced charges of lightning
  • 6.2. The relationship between the electric fields produced by leaders and return strokes
  • 6.3. The relationship between lightning processes and space charges in thunderstorms
  • 6.4. Applications and limitations of the electrostatic model
  • 7. Lightning triggered by rockets with wire and by tall structures
  • 7.1. The idea of artificially triggered lightning
  • 7.2. Concept and features of the classic rocket-triggered lightning technique
  • 7.3. Concept and features of the altitude-triggered lightning technique
  • 7.4. Conditions required for triggering lightning with rocket-and-wire techniques
  • 7.5. On leaders and return strokes in rocket-triggered lightning
  • 7.6. Upward lightning triggered by tall ground structures
  • 7.7. Features of positive and negative leaders determined from studies of triggered lightning
  • 8. Understanding current cutoff in lightning
  • 8.1. Definition and manifestation of current cutoff in different lightning events
  • 8.2. The death of the leader in unbranched lightning channels
  • 8.3. Current cutoff in branched leaders
  • 8.4. Arc instability and current cutoff
  • 9. The phenomenon of recoil leaders
  • 9.1. The nature of recoil and dart leaders
  • 9.2. The relationship between recoil leaders and M-events : cause and effect
  • 9.3. The electrostatic model of an M-event that produces an M-component
  • 9.4. The universal nature of M-events in lightning
  • 10. The physical concept of recoil leader formation
  • 10.1. The relationship between the internal electric field and current in lightning leaders
  • 10.2. Current cutoff prior to the occurrence of recoil leaders
  • 10.3. The development of recoil leaders
  • 10.4. A proposed conceptual model of recoil leader formation
  • 10.5. Conclusion
  • 11. Some lightning protection issues viewed through the lens of lightning physics
  • 11.1. Striking distance versus the parameters of downward leaders in lightning protection of ground installations
  • 11.2. A physical model of leader interaction with a ground structure
  • 11.3. On the hazardous effects of upward lightning to tall structures
  • 11.4. Sharp-tipped versus blunt-tipped lightning rods
  • 11.5. Lightning protection of aircraft
  • 12. Lightning initiation--the most difficult issue of lightning physics
  • 12.1. Hydrometeor theory of lightning initiation
  • 12.2. The runaway theory of lightning initiation
  • 12.3. Evidence supporting the hydrometeor theory of lightning initiation.

Ejemplares similares