Tabla de Contenidos:
  • About the Book; Foreword; List of Contributors; Acknowledgments; Chapter 1; What Risks Do the Contaminants Really Represent? a Standpoint on Effects from Organisms to Ecosystems/Landscapes Based on Non-Forced Aquatic Exposure Scenarios; Abstract; Endpoints beyond Survival; Changing the Exposure Paradigm: Responses in Non-Forced Systems; Changing the Exposure-Effects Paradigm: Effects on Organisms vs. Effects on Ecosystems/Landscapes; A Multi-Stressor Approach: Avoidance of Contaminants vs. Attractive and Other Repulsive Stimuli; Final Considerations; Acknowledgments; References.
  • Chapter 2Biomarkers in Native Central American Species; Abstract; Introduction; Methods; Biochemical Methods; Proteomic, Molecular and Immunological Methods; Behavior and Metabolism; Results and Discussion; Conclusion; Acknowledgment; References; Chapter 3; Aquatic Ecotoxicology: Native Freshwater Gastropods from Argentina; Abstract; Pesticides; Organophosphorus Insecticides: Azinphos-Methyl; Biomarkers; Freshwater Gastropods; Working with Native Species; Biomphalaria straminea; B. straminea Bioassays; Chilina gibbosa; C. gibbosa Bioassays; Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References.
  • Chapter 4Energy Physiology as Biomarker in Assessing Environmental Pollution; 1Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; 2Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; 3Centro FONDAP de Investigación en Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile; Abstract; Introduction; Methods; Study Area; Sampling; Chemical Analyses; Tissue Preparation; Standards and Solvents; Analysis of Subsamples; Physiological Measurements; Acclimation; Clearance Rate (CR); Absorption Efficiency (AE).
  • Absorption Rate (AR)Oxygen Consumption (OC); Scope for Growth (SFG); Statistical Analyses; Results; Chemical Analyses; Organochlorines; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Physiological Measurements; Discussion; Chemical Analyses; Organochlorines; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Physiological Responses; Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 5; Laboratory and Field Based Studies Provide Insights of Copper Tolerance Mechanisms in Brown Seaweeds and Biotechnology Tools for Environmental Diagnosis; Abstract; Introduction; Methods; Results; Discussion; Conclusion; References; Chapter 6.
  • Endocrine Gene Expression in Aquatic Animals as Indicator of the Presence of Xenobiotic CompoundsAbstract; Introduction; Methods; First Experiment: Expression of Estrogenic Response Genes in Male Mosquito Fish (Gambusia yucatana); Second Experiment: Expression of Estrogenic Response Genes in Japanese Pond Turtle (Mauremys japonica); Third Experiment: Expression of Estrogenic Response Genes in Black Mollies (Poecilia sphenops); Fourth Experiment: Presence of Expression of Estrogenic Genes in Wild Atlantic Angel Shark (Squatina dumeril); Results; First Experiment; Second Experiment.