Tabla de Contenidos:
  • FEDERAL LOW-INCOME PROGRAMS OVERVIEW, TYPES, HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS, AND EFFECTS ; FEDERAL LOW-INCOME PROGRAMS OVERVIEW, TYPES, HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS, AND EFFECTS ; Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data; CONTENTS ; PREFACE ; Chapter 1 FEDERAL LOW-INCOME PROGRAMS: MULTIPLE PROGRAMS TARGET DIVERSE POPULATIONS AND NEEDS* ; WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY ; WHAT GAO FOUND ; ABBREVIATIONS ; BACKGROUND ; Program Overview ; Poverty Measurement ; ABOUT 80 PROGRAMS PROVIDE AN ARRAY OF SUPPORTS FOR LOW-INCOME INDIVIDUALS AND HOUSEHOLDS
  • Over 700 Billion in Federal Obligations in Fiscal Year 2013 Was Concentrated in Large Programs Aimed at Meeting Basic Needs Most Programs Target Specific Low-Income Populations, Including the Elderly, People with Disabilities, Children and Their Families, and a Range of Other Groups; Target Populations ; Financial Eligibility Criteria ; Work Requirements or Time Limits ; Federal, State, and Local Agencies Administer These Programs Through a Complex System That Can Be Inefficient and Difficult to Oversee
  • BASED ON THE SPM, ABOUT ONE-SIXTH OF THE U.S. POPULATION LIVED IN POVERTY IN 2013, WHEN CONSIDERING CERTAIN GOVERNMENT BENEFITS AND LIVING EXPENSES SPM Provides Information on the Economic Well-Being of the U.S. Population by Taking into Account Certain Government Assistance and Living Expenses and Other Factors ; In 2013, Many Types of Households Experienced Poverty Based on the SPM, Including 10 Million People in Married Families with Children ; PROGRAM RECIPIENTS' INCOME LEVELS AND HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS REFLECTED DIFFERENCES IN PROGRAM PURPOSE AND DESIGN
  • An Estimated One-Third of the U.S. Population Received a Low-Income Benefit at Some Time in 2012Program Recipients Were Often in Households with Children and Households with Earnings ; Selected Programs Reduced Poverty for Millions in 2012, Based on Estimates Using the SPM ; SNAP and EITC Moved the Most People above Poverty; However, All Selected Programs Had a Majority of Recipients with Incomes above the SPM Threshold after Accounting for Benefits ; RESEARCH SUGGESTS SELECTED PROGRAMS HAVE GENERALLY ENCOURAGED LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION AND HAD MIXED EFFECTS ON HOURS WORKED
  • AGENCY COMMENTS AND OUR EVALUATION APPENDIX I: OBJECTIVES, SCOPE, AND METHODOLOGY ; Federal Programs for Low-Income Individuals; Number and Household Characteristics of People in Poverty ; Estimating the Number and Characteristics of Selected Programs' Recipients; Economic Literature Review ; APPENDIX II: INFORMATION PROVIDED BY AGENCIES ON PROGRAM PURPOSE AND TYPE OF BENEFIT OR SERVICE FOR LOW-INCOME PROGRAMS; APPENDIX III: INFORMATION PROVIDED BY AGENCIES ON FEDERAL OBLIGATIONS (FISCAL YEAR 2013) AND NUMBER SERVED FOR LOW-INCOME PROGRAMS (TIME PERIODS VARY)