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The rise of the value-added tax /
"This book explores one of the most significant trends in the evolution of global tax systems by asking how, within less than half a century, the value-added tax (VAT) has risen from relative obscurity to become one of the world's most dominant revenue instruments. Despite its significance...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
New York, NY :
Cambridge University Press,
2015.
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| Colección: | Cambridge tax law series.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover; Half-title; Title page; Copyright information; Dedication; Table of contents; List of figures; List of tables; Preface; List of commonly used abbreviations and key terms; 1 The rise of the value-added tax; 1 What lies behind the remarkable rise of the VAT?; 2 Overview of the book; 2.1 Part I
- The rise of the value-added tax
- Exploring the gap between expectation and delivery; 2.2 Part II
- Explaining the rise of the VAT; 2.3 Part III
- Case studies on the real-world challenges of VAT reform; Part I The rise of the value-added tax
- Exploring the gap between expectation and delivery
- 2 An introduction to the good VAT1 Defining the good VAT; 2 Measuring the merits of the good VAT; 2.1 Consumption is the preferred tax base; 2.2 The good VAT measured against public finance criteria; 2.2.1 Revenue generation; 2.2.2 Neutrality; 2.2.3 Efficiency; 2.2.4 Growth; 2.2.5 Simplicity; 2.2.6 Equity; 3 Prescribing the good VAT
- A comparison with other VAT alternatives; 4 Norm 1
- A broad consumption base at a single rate with minimal exclusions; 4.1 Extend the good VAT through all stages of the production and distribution chain; 4.2 Maintain a broad VAT base with minimal exclusions
- 4.2.1 Methods to exclude
- Exemption of select goods and services4.2.2 Methods to exclude
- Zero-rating of goods and services; 4.2.3 Methods to exclude
- Removal or exemption of certain entities from VAT registration; 4.2.3.1 Exempting by size
- VAT threshold; 4.2.3.2 Exemption by function; 4.2.4 Avoid or minimise equity-based exclusions; 4.2.5 Introduce exclusions into the good VAT base only when it is necessary to do so; 4.2.5.1 Financial services; 4.3 Levy the VAT at a single rate; 5 Norm 2
- Calculation of VAT liability using the invoice-credit mechanism
- 5.1 Operation of the invoice-credit mechanism5.2 The advantages of the invoice-credit method over other methods; 6 Norm 3
- Levying VAT on a destination basis; 7 Conclusion; 3 An introduction to the many real VATs in existence; 1 Defining real VATs; 2 Measuring the merits of real VATs; 2.1 Preference for consumption; 2.2 Revenue generation; 2.3 Neutrality; 2.4 Efficiency; 2.5 Growth; 2.6 Simplicity; 2.7 Equity; 3 Assessing real VATs against the three design norms of the good VAT; 4 Norm 1
- A broad consumption base at a single rate with minimal exclusions
- 4.1 Most real VATs do not reach a broad consumption base4.2 Most real VATs have multiple exclusions to their base; 4.2.1 Form of exclusion; 4.2.2 Content of exclusions; 4.2.3 Equity-based exclusions are common in real VATs; 4.2.4 Most real VATs exempt financial supplies, although the responses vary; 4.3 Many real VATs are levied at multiple rates; 4.4 The impact of departures from norm 1 on the incidence of real VATs; 5 Norm 2
- Calculation of VAT liability using the invoice-credit mechanism; 5.1 Denials and delays in the payment of refunds; 5.2 VAT Fraud and Avoidance