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EPA protection of drinking water from injection of fluids used in oil and gas production /
Every day in the United States, at least 2 billion gallons of fluids are injected into over 172,000 wells to enhance oil and gas production, or to dispose of fluids brought to the surface during the extraction of oil and gas resources. These wells are subject to regulation to protect drinking water...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
New York :
Nova Publishers,
[2014]
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| Colección: | Water resource planning, development and management series.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- EPA PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER FROM INJECTION OF FLUIDS USED IN OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION; EPA PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER FROM INJECTION OF FLUIDS USED IN OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION; Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data; CONTENTS; PREFACE; Chapter 1: DRINKING WATER: EPA PROGRAM TOPROTECT UNDERGROUND SOURCES FROM INJECTION OF FLUIDS ASSOCIATEDWITH OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION NEEDS IMPROVEMENT; WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY; WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS; WHAT GAO FOUND; ABBREVIATIONS; BACKGROUND; EPA OVERSEES CLASS II PROGRAMS, FOR WHICH EPA AND STATES PROVIDE A MIX OF RESOURCES.
- State and epa-managed programs wereviewed have safeguards to protect underground drinking waterepa is not consistently performing oversight and enforcement activities; epa collects a large amount of data on class ii wells, but the data are not sufficiently complete or comparable to report on the nationwide program; conclusion; recommendations for executive action; agency comments and our evaluation; appendix i. list of state and epa-managedclass ii programs and well inventory; appendix ii. key legal provisions and guidance governing epa approval of state programs and state program changes.
- APPENDIX III. OBJECTIVES, SCOPE, AND METHODOLOGYAPPENDIX IV. SELECT STATES' CLASS II PROGRAM SAFEGUARDS AND RELATED REGULATIONS; Chapter 2: DRINKING WATER: CHARACTERIZATION OF INJECTED FLUIDS ASSOCIATED WITH OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION; BACKGROUND; AGENCY COMMENTS; Chapter 3: STATEMENT OF BASIS AND PURPOSE: UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL REGULATIONS; STATEMENT OF BASIS AND PURPOSE INTRODUCTION; CATEGORIZATION OF WELLS; PERFORMANCE CRITERIA; PATHWAY 1
- MIGRATION OF FLUIDS THROUGHA FAULTY INJECTION WELL CASING.
- PATHWAY 2
- MIGRATION OF FLUIDS THROUGH THE ANNULUS LOCATED BETWEEN THE CASINGAND THE WELL BOREPATHWAY 3
- MIGRATION OF FLUIDS FROM AN INJECTION ZONE THROUGH THE CONFINING STRATA; PATHWAY 4
- VERTICAL MIGRATION OF FLUIDS THROUGH IMPROPERLY ABANDONED AND IMPROPERLAY COMPLETED WELLS; PATHWAY 5
- LATERAL MIGRATION OF FLUIDSFROM WITHIN AN INJECTION ZONEINTO A PROTECTED PORTION OF THAT STRATUM; PATHWAY 6
- DIRECT INJECTION OF FLUIDSINTO OR ABOVE AN UNDERGROUND SOURCEOF DRINKING WATER; MONITORING FREQUENCIES; Blank Page; INDEX.