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Ammonia synthesis catalysts : innovation and practice /
This book provides a review of worldwide developments in ammonia synthesis catalysts over the last 30 years. It focuses on the new generation of Fe1-xO based catalysts and ruthenium catalysts - both are major breakthroughs for fused iron catalysts. The basic theory for ammonia synthesis is systemati...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Singapore ; Beijing, China :
World Scientific Publishing : Chemical Industry Press,
2013.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Ch. 1. Historical evolution of catalysts for ammonia synthesis. 1.1. Introduction of catalysts for ammonia synthesis. 1.2. Historical retrospect of catalysts for ammonia synthesis. 1.3. Development of magnetite [symbol] based fused iron catalysts. 1.4. Discovery of Wüstite based fused iron catalysts. 1.5. Discovery of ruthenium based catalysts
- ch. 2. Catalytic reaction mechanisms of ammonia synthesis. 2.1. Introduction. 2.2. Adsorption and heterogeneous catalysis. 2.3. Mechanism of catalytic ammonia synthesis reaction. 2.4. Kinetics of overall reactions for ammonia synthesis. 2.5. Apparent reaction kinetics. 2.6. Design of ammonia synthesis reactor
- ch. 3. Chemical composition and structure of fused iron catalysts. 3.1. Iron oxides. 3.2. Iron oxides and catalytic activity. 3.3. Promoters of fused iron catalyst. 3.4. Structures of unreduced catalysts. 3.5. Structure of activated iron catalyst. 3.6. About [symbol] based catalysts and their highly active mechanism
- ch. 4. Preparation of fused iron catalysts. 4.1. Technology and equipments for the preparation of fused iron catalysts. 4.2. Chemical reaction during preparation process. 4.3. Phase transformation and phase diagram analysis during preparation. 4.4. Segregation of promoters during solidification processes. 4.5. Preparation of prereduced catalysts. 4.6. Preparation technique of spherical catalysts. 4.7. Recycling of waste catalyst for ammonia synthesis
- ch. 5. Reduction of fused iron catalysts. 5.1. Solid-state reactions involved in reduction process. 5.2. Kinetic model of solid state reaction. 5.3. Reduction process of oxides. 5.4. Reduction thermodynamics for iron oxides. 5.5. Reduction reaction kinetics of iron oxides. 5.6. Factors of influence on reduction rate. 5.7. Reduction in industrial equipments.
- Ch. 6. Ruthenium based ammonia synthesis catalysts. 6.1. Chemical compositions of ruthenium catalysts. 6.2. Preparation of ruthenium catalyst. 6.3. Performance characteristic of ruthenium catalysts
- ch. 7. Performance evaluation and characterization of catalysts. 7.1. Performance evaluation of catalysts. 7.2. Measurement of physical properties of catalysts. 7.3. Nature and structure of surface. 7.4. Temperature programmed analysis technology (TPAT). 7.5. Application of thermal analysis technology in catalyst research. 7.6. Characterization of the microstructure and properties of catalysts
- ch. 8. Performance and application of catalysts. 8.1. Activity of catalysts. 8.2. Particle size of catalysts. 8.3. Poison and life of catalyst. 8.4. Mechanical strength of catalysts. 8.5. Usage and maintenance of ammonia synthesis catalysts
- ch. 9. Effect of catalyst performance on the economic benefits of catalytic process. 9.1. Synthesis processes and catalysts. 9.2. Ammonia converter and catalysts. 9.3. Performance of catalyst and recovery of reaction heat. 9.4. Influence of performance of catalyst on the economic benefits of catalytic process. 9.5. Benefits of operating rate and management of enterprise
- ch. 10. Innovation and speculation. 10.1. New exploration of ammonia synthesis catalyst. 10.2. New catalytic technique for ammonia synthesis. 10.3. New application of ammonia.