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Investing in kids : early childhood programs and local economic development /
Bartik measures ratios of local economic development benefits to costs for both early childhood education and business incentives. He shows that early childhood programs and the best-designed business incentives can provide local benefits that significantly exceed costs. --from publisher description...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Kalamazoo, Mich. :
W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research,
2011.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1. Introduction. Clarifying previous thinking
- A balanced economic development strategy: both labor demand and labor supply policies
- The advantages of thinking and acting locally
- Why consider early childhood programs and business incentives together?
- A road map for this book
- 2. The nature and importance of local economic development benefits, and how they are affected by labor demand and labor supply. What is local economic development policy?
- The importance of local economic development
- Economic development: what is it good for? Absolutely nothing except land values?
- Hysteresis: an argument for why local job growth development might help workers
- But why are jobs said to offer "benefits"? Is there "something special" about jobs?
- But why are local jobs so important? After all, I could get those same job opportunities elsewhere
- Other possible benefits of local job growth
- Where the rubber hits the road: empirical evidence on the effects of increases in local labor demand
- Not everyone agrees: the Blanchard-Katz perspective and its policy implications
- The zero-sum-game argument: why care about local benefits when what count are national benefits?
- If growth provides benefits, why worry about the details?
- What are the labor supply policies that affect the quantity or quality of labor supply in a state or local area?
- What are the key issues in how early childhood and other labor supply programs affect local economic development benefits?
- Two perspectives on the benefits to out-movers
- How mobile is the U.S. population?
- How will a state or local area's employers respond to a local increase in labor force participation or job skills?
- What about the response at the national level?
- Conclusion
- 3. Estimated economic development effects of well-designed business incentive programs. Types of business incentives
- Business incentive effects
- Financing and design of incentives
- Effects of local job growth on local workers
- Response to possible objections
- Conclusion
- 4. The economic development effects of high-quality early childhood programs. Context of these three early childhood programs
- Summary of economic development benefits
- Why you should care about 1 percent effects on earnings
- Program description
- Modeling economic development effects, part 1: spending
- Modeling economic development effects, part 2: state labor market effects of increased labor supply of parents or former child participants
- Does this analysis treat early childhood programs fairly compared to business incentives?
- Conclusion.
- 5. Design matters: what features of business incentive programs and early childhood programs affect their economic development benefits? Business incentives
- Early childhood programs
- Conclusion
- 6. Dealing with the known unknowns: how policymakers should deal with dueling estimates from researchers. Sources of uncertainty
- The best response to uncertainty
- Conclusion
- 7. Bringing the future into the present: how policymakers should deal with the delayed benefits of early childhood programs. Discounting
- Reducing short-run costs: postponing costs through borrowing
- Reducing short-run costs: possible offsets from reduced special education costs
- Reducing short-run government costs: financing pre-K out of the K-12 school budget
- Increasing short-run benefits through capitalization
- Increasing short-term benefits: incorporating parental employment programs into early childhood programs
- Conclusion
- 8. Who benefits? Distributional effects of early childhood programs and business incentives, and their implications for policy. Targeted pre-K versus universal pre-K
- Business incentives: who benefits
- Prekindergarten (pre-K) education: speculation about possible distributional benefits
- Baseline results for distributional effects of universal pre-K
- Adding in possible capitalization effects
- Alternative distributional assumptions
- Targeted versus universal pre-K
- Targeting within universalism: universal pre-K with income-graduated fees
- The abecedarian program: distributional effects of a large-scale targeted program
- The nurse-family partnership: distributional effects of a smaller-scale antipoverty program
- Conclusion.
- 9. Locality matters: how economic development benefits vary in diverse local economies. What this chapter is and isn't
- The mechanisms by which locality matters
- Empirical evidence on variation across states
- Empirical evidence on metropolitan areas versus states
- Empirical evidence on metropolitan area size
- Empirical evidence on metro area growth
- Conclusion
- 10. The national perspective: how local business incentives and early childhood programs affect the national economy. National versus state benefits of business incentives
- National versus state benefits of early childhood programs
- Macroeconomic benefits or costs from redistributing jobs
- Social benefits from more jobs: greater in high-unemployment local economies?
- Federalism and business incentives: a policy wonk's perspective
- Federalism and business incentives: a practical political perspective
- Federalism and early childhood programs: a policy wonk's perspective
- Federalism and early childhood programs: a practical political perspective
- Conclusion
- 11. The ethics of early childhood programs and business incentives. The philosophical argument against early childhood programs
- The philosophical argument against business incentives
- Common elements to the arguments against these government programs
- The conceptual case for early childhood programs
- Are early childhood programs really opposed to family rights?
- The conceptual case for business incentives
- Conclusion
- 12. Extending economic development analysis to other human development programs: education, public health, crime reduction. Methodology
- K-12 test scores
- Educational attainment
- Public health
- Reducing crime
- Conclusion
- 13. Thinking and acting locally: what potential is there for local support for high-quality early childhood programs? Early childhood programs and local economic development: how do they fit into the big issues?
- What can and should be done locally?
- Is local action really politically feasible?
- New thinking about early childhood programs and local economic development.