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Dryland climatology /
"A comprehensive review of dryland climates and their relationship to the physical environment, hydrology, and inhabitants. Chapters are divided into four major sections on background meteorology and climatology; the nature of dryland climates in relation to precipitation and hydrology; the cli...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Cambridge, UK ; New York :
Cambridge University Press,
2011.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover; Dryland Climatology; Title; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Part I The dryland environment; 1 Introduction to dryland environments; 1.1 EXPLORATION AND AWARENESS OF DRYLANDS; 1.2 GEOGRAPHIC EXTENT OF DRYLANDS; 1.3 PHYSICAL FEATURES OF DRYLANDS; 1.4 ACQUISITION OF DATA AND INFORMATION; 1.4.1 IN SITU CLIMATIC AND METEOROLOGICAL DATA; 1.4.2 REMOTE SENSING; 1.4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING IN DRYLAND REGIONS; GEOLOGY, SURFACE FEATURES, AND SOILS; VEGETATION; LAND USE, LAND QUALITY, AND LAND-SURFACE CHANGE; LAND SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND FLUXES.
- HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCESRAINFALL MONITORING; DUST, SMOKE AND FIRE; 1.4.4 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; REFERENCES; 2 The geomorphologic background; 2.1 THE PHYSICAL SETTING; 2.2 THE PHYSIOGRAPHIC CONTINUUM; 2.2.1 DESERT UPLANDS AND SLOPES; 2.2.2 DESERT LOWLANDS; 2.2.3 DESERT LAKE BASINS; 2.3 DRAINAGE NETWORKS AND STREAMS; 2.4 FLUVIAL AND AEOLIAN PROCESSES; 2.4.1 WEATHERING; 2.4.2 TRANSPORT OF MATERIAL BY WIND AND WATER; 2.4.3 EROSION; 2.4.4 FORMATION OF DESERT PAVEMENTS; 2.5 SAND DUNES; 2.5.1 DUNES AND OTHER AEOLIAN FEATURES; 2.5.2 DUNE FORMS; 2.5.3 CONTROLS ON DUNE MORPHOLOGY.
- 2.5.4 DUNE FORMATION2.5.5 DUNE FIELDS AND AIR FLOW AROUND DUNES; 2.6 DRYLAND SOILS; REFERENCES; 3 Vegetation of the dryland regions; 3.1 OVERVIEW OF DRYLAND VEGETATION; 3.1.1 VEGETATION TYPES/CLASSIFICATION; 3.1.2 GENERAL ASPECTS OF DRYLAND VEGETATION; 3.1.3 DESERT VEGETATION; 3.1.4 THE SAVANNAS; 3.1.5 MID-LATITUDE GRASSLANDS; 3.1.6 MEDITERRANEAN FOREST; 3.2 PLANT-WATER RELATIONSHIPS; 3.2.1 MOISTURE AVAILABILITY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO DRYLAND VEGETATION; 3.2.2 THE EFFICIENCY OF WATER USE IN DRYLAND VEGETATION; 3.3 VEGETATION-CLIMATE INTERACTION AND THE DYNAMICS OF DRYLAND ECOSYSTEMS.
- 3.4 HYPOTHESES FOR THE COEXISTENCE OF TREES AND GRASSES IN THE SAVANNA ECOSYSTEM3.5 THE EMERGING CONCEPT OF "PATCH DYNAMICS"; REFERENCES; Part II The meteorological background; 4 The general atmospheric circulation; 4.1 RECEIPT OF SOLAR RADIATION; 4.2 GLOBAL PATTERNS OF WIND AND PRESSURE; 4.3 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE GENERAL CIRCULATION IN THE LOW LATITUDES; 4.3.1 SUBTROPICAL HIGH; 4.3.2 THE TRADE WINDS; 4.3.3 EQUATORIAL TROUGH AND INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE; 4.3.4 EQUATORIAL WESTERLIES; 4.3.5 THE MONSOONS; 4.4 SEASONAL CHANGES OF THE GENERAL ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; 4.5 UPPER AIR PATTERNS.
- 4.6 JET STREAMSREFERENCES; 5 The global distribution of arid climates and rainfall; 5.1 PRECIPITATION AND ARIDITY; 5.2 GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION AND ORIGIN OF THE DRYLAND CLIMATES; 5.3 GLOBAL PATTERNS OF RAINFALL SEASONALITY; 5.4 RAIN-BEARING SYSTEMS; 5.4.1 THE EXTRA-TROPICAL CYCLONE; 5.4.2 MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; 5.4.3 DIAGONAL CLOUD BANDS; 5.4.4 TROPICAL WAVE DISTURBANCES; 5.4.5 TROPICAL DEPRESSIONS AND STORMS; 5.4.6 CUT-OFF LOWS; 5.5 MESOSCALE INFLUENCES ON RAINFALL; 5.6 QUASI-GLOBAL PHENOMENA THAT INFLUENCE PRECIPITATION; 5.6.1 THE EL NIÑO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION.