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Thermal physics : concepts and practice /
"Thermodynamics has benefited from nearly 100 years of parallel development with quantum mechanics. As a result, thermal physics has been considerably enriched in concepts, technique and purpose, and now has a dominant role in the developments of physics, chemistry and biology. This unique book...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Cambridge, UK ; New York :
Cambridge University Press,
2012.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1 Introducing thermodynamics; 1.1 The beginning; 1.2 Thermodynamic vocabulary; 1.3 Energy and the First Law; 1.3.1 Thermodynamic variables defined; Interaction energy; 1.4 Quantum mechanics, the"mother of theories''; 1.4.1 Introduction; 1.4.2 A brief review; 1.5 Probabilities in quantum mechanics; 1.5.1 Expectation values; 1.6 Closing comments; 2 A road to thermodynamics; 2.1 The density operator: pure states; 2.1.1 Traces, expectations and information; 2.2 Mixed states; 2.2.1 Example; 2.2.2 Mixed state properties.
- 2.2.3 Macroscopic consequences2.2.4 Thermodynamic state functions ; 2.3 Thermal density operator p top and entropy; 2.3.1 Examples; Example 2.1; Example 2.2; Problems and exercises; 3 Work, heat and the First Law; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Work, W; 3.1.2 Heat, Q; 3.1.3 Temperature, T; 3.1.4 Internal energy, U; 3.2 Exact differentials; 3.3 Equations of state; 3.3.1 Examples I; Quasi-static reversible work; Irreversible work; Quasi-static irreversible work; 3.3.2 Examples II; A loaded rubber band; A compressed metal rod; 3.4 Heat capacity; 3.4.1 Heat transfer at constant volume.
- 3.4.2 Heat transfer at constant pressure3.4.3 Examples III; Ideal monatomic gas; A steel wire; A rapidly expanding gas; The filling problem: atmospheric gas filling an evacuated vessel; 3.5 Concluding remarks; Problems and exercises; 4 A mathematical digression; 4.1 Thermodynamic differentials; 4.2 Exact differentials; 4.2.1 Exactness; 4.2.2 Euler's criterion for exactness; 4.2.3 Entropy: a thermal introduction; 4.3 Euler's homogeneous function theorem; 4.4 A cyclic chain rule; 4.4.1 Examples; Free expansion: the cyclic chain rule; Exactness and line integration.
- 4.5 Entropy and spontaneous processesExample 1; Example 2; Example 3; 4.6 Thermal engines; 4.6.1 Carnot's thermal engine; 4.6.2 The Carnot cycle
- entropy; Problems and exercises; 5 Thermodynamic potentials; 5.1 Introduction; 5.1.1 Internal energy U; 5.1.2 Enthalpy H; 5.1.3 Helmholtz potential F; 5.1.4 Gibbs potential G; 5.2 Enthalpy and throttling; 5.3 Entropy and heat capacity; 5.3.1 Relationship between Cp and CV; Problems and exercises; 6 Knowing the "unknowable''; 6.1 Entropy: ticket to the Emerald City; 6.2 The bridge; 6.3 Thermodynamic hamiltonians.
- 6.4 Microcanonical (Boltzmann) theory6.5 Gibbs' canonical theory; 6.6 Canonical thermodynamics; 6.7 Degeneracy and Z; 6.7.1 Examples; Example 1; Example 2; Example 3; Example 4; Example 5; Example 6; 6.8 Closing comments; Problems and exercises; 7 The ideal gas; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Ideal gas law; 7.3 Quasi-classical model; 7.4 Ideal gas partition function; 7.5 Thermodynamics of the ideal gas; 7.6 Gibbs' entropy paradox; 7.7 Entropy of mixing; 7.8 The non-ideal gas; Problems and exercises; 8 The two-level system; 8.1 Anomalous heat capacity; 8.2 Schottky model.