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Wood : types, properties, and uses /
Wood is the most accessible and renewable material used by humankind during its history. Today, the consumption of wood exceeds all other known materials. The industry of various products made of wood grows continuously. This book reviews research on hydrothermal treatment and modification of wood i...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
New York :
Nova Science Publishers,
©2011.
|
| Colección: | Environmental science, engineering and technology series.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Intro
- WOOD: TYPES, PROPERTIES, AND USES
- WOOD: TYPES, PROPERTIES, AND USES
- CONTENTS
- PREFACE
- HYDROTHERMAL TREATMENT AND MODIFICATION OF WOOD: DRYING, IMPREGNATION
- ABSTRACT
- INTRODUCTION
- 1. DRYING AND HEAT TREATMENT OF WOOD: THE TRADITIONAL AND NON-TRADITIONAL METHODS
- 1.1. Drying Methods
- 1.2. Experimental Study of High-Temperature Thermal-Mechanical Drying by Depressurization Method
- 1.3. High-Temperature Vacuum-Convective Drying of Wood
- 2. MODIFICATION OF WOOD BY IMPREGNATION
- 2.1. Impregnation Methods
- Selection of Impregnating Liquid
- 2.2. Modelling and Experiment on the Liquid Solution Impregnation of Wood
- 2.2.1. Experimental Setup and Study of Wood Impregnation
- 2.2.2. Water Polymer Emulsion Impregnation
- 2.2.3. Variable Pressure Impregnation of Wood
- 2.2.4. Impregnation with Oils and Other Liquids whose Viscosity Depends on Temperature
- CONCLUSION
- NOTATION
- REFERENCES
- THE DEEP DECOMPOSITION OF WOOD: LIGHT PRODUCTS OF ELECTRON-BEAM FRAGMENTATION
- ANNOTATION
- INTRODUCTION
- EXPERIMENTAL
- DISTILLATION OF VARIOUS WOOD
- LOW-TEMPERATURE DESTRUCTION OF CELLULOSE AT MODERATE DOSE RATES
- ELECTRON-BEAM DISTILLATION OF CELLULOSE
- The Mechanism of Cellulose Destruction Via Electron-Beam Distillation
- ELECTRON-BEAM DISTILLATION OF LIGNIN AND BINARY MIXTURES
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENT
- REFERENCES
- BIOMASS FOR DOMESTIC AND AGRO INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
- ABSTRACT
- 1. INTRODUCTION
- 2. BIOMASS
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Biomass Classification
- 2.2. Biomass of properties
- 2.3. Energy Potential
- 3. BIOMASS CONVERSION
- 3.1. Direct Combustion of Biomass
- 3.2. Thermo Chemical Conversion
- 3.2.1. Gasification
- 3.2.2. Gasification Process
- 3.2.3. Pyrolysis
- 3.3. Bio Chemical Conversion
- 3.3.1. Fermentation
- 3.3.2. Digestion.
- 4. BIOMASS-BASED TECHNOLOGY AT DOMESTIC LEVEL
- 4.1. Wood Gas Stove
- 4.1.1. Design of Wood Gas Stove:
- 4.1.2. Fuels for Testing
- 4.1.3. Stove performance
- 4.1.4. Safety during Operation
- 4.2. Improved Cookstove
- 4.2.1. Single Pot Improved Cookstove (Chetak)
- 4.2.2. Double Pot Cookstove (Udairaj)
- 4.2.3. Performance of improved cookstove
- 5. BIOMASS-BASED TECHNOLOGY AT INDUSTRIAL LEVEL
- 5.1. Updraft Gasifier
- 5.1.1. System Description
- 5.1.2. Performance of Updraft Gasifier
- 5.2. Downdraft Gasifier
- 5.2.1. Experimental Study
- 5.2.2. System Performance
- 5.2.3. Economics of Gasifier
- 6. CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- ABOVEGROUND WOOD BIOMASS AND NUTRIENTS IN BRAZILIAN WOODY SPECIES AND EUCALYPTUS PLANTATIONS
- ABSTRACT
- INTRODUCTION
- DETERMINATION OF BIOMASS AND NUTRIENT QUANTIFICATION
- EVALUATION OF ROOT COLONIZATION BY FUNGI
- ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS AND NUTRIENTS IN EUCALYPTUS
- COLONIZATION OF EUCALYPTUS ROOTS BY FUNGI
- ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS AND NUTRIENTS IN NATIVE WOODY SPECIES
- COLONIZATION OF NATIVE TREE ROOTS BY FUNGI
- BENEFITS AND PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE STUDY
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- REFERENCES
- FUNGAL DECOMPOSITION OF BEECH COARSE WOODY DEBRIS IN A TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEM
- ABSTRACT
- 1. INTRODUCTION
- 2. STUDY SITE AND CWD MATERIALS
- 3. DYNAMICS OF WOOD CHEMICAL PROPERTIES DURING BEECH CWD DECOMPOSITION
- 4. FUNGAL SUCCESSION DURING BEECH CWD DECOMPOSITION
- 4.1. Succession of Macrofungi
- 4.2. Succession of Microfungi
- 5. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WOOD DECOMPOSITION AND FUNGAL SUCCESSION
- 6. IMPLICATIONS FOR SOIL HUMUS ACCUMULATION
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- EFFECTIVE RAINFALL SEASONS FOR EARLY AND LATE WOOD FORMATION OF CHINESE PINE AND BLACK LOCUST IN THE LOESS PLATEAU, CHINA
- ABSTRACT
- INTRODUCTION
- STABLE-CARBON-ISOTOPE RATIO OF C3 PLANTS.
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- Study Site
- Plant Materials
- Measurement of Tree-Ring Width
- Determination of 13C
- Statistical Analysis
- RESULTS
- DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- REFERENCES
- FOSSIL WOOD: A KEY TO THE PAST
- ABSTRACT
- INTRODUCTION
- FOSSILIZATION OF WOODS
- RADIO CARBON DATING
- SOME CASE STUDIES
- PETRIFIED FORESTS
- WOOD ANATOMY
- LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY BASED ON FOSSILISED WOODS
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENT
- REFERENCES
- PLASTIC MOLDABLE PINE FIBER BY BENZYLATION
- ABSTRACT
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- Spectroscopy
- Thermal Analysis and Mechanical Properties
- Microscopy
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- Weight Gain Analysis
- FTIR Spectroscopic Analysis
- NMR Spectroscopic Analysis
- Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)
- Mechanical Properties
- Morphology
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- REFERENCES
- HIGH STRENGTH PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE (PF) RESIN IMPREGNATED WOOD: FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS
- ABSTRACT
- 1. INTRODUCTION
- 2.1. Compressive Deformation of PF Resin Impregnated Wood
- 2.2. Pre Treatment Effect on the Compressive Deformation of Resin Impregnated Wood
- 2.2.1. Removal of Matrix Substances Pre-Treatment Through Naclo2 Treatment and Combination of Naclo2 and Naoh Treatment
- 2.2.2. Steam Pretreatment
- 3. FUTURE POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENT
- REFERENCES
- CRYSTALLIZATION AND MELTING BEHAVIOUR OF POLYPROPYLENE / WOOD FLOUR COMPOSITES
- ABSTRACT
- INTRODUCTION
- DYNAMIC CRYSTALLIZATION
- CRISTALLINITY AND POLYMORPHISM
- ISOTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION
- TRANSCRISTALLINITY
- TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
- g CONCLUSIONS
- g REFERENCES
- g INDEX.