Chemistry and biology of ellagitannins : an underestimated class of bioactive plant polyphenols /

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This book is the first of its kind that focuses on the chemistry and biology of ellagitannins, a special class of naturally occurring polyphenols which have so far not received the attention they deserve. These polyphenolic substances are found in many plants, including numerous food sources. They n...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Otros Autores: Quideau, Stéphane
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Hackensack, NJ : World Scientific, ©2009.
Temas:
Plant bioactive compounds.
Phytochemicals.
Plant polyphenols.
Hydrolyzable Tannins > chemistry
Hydrolyzable Tannins > analysis
Composés bioactifs végétaux.
Composés phytochimiques.
Polyphénols végétaux.
SCIENCE > Life Sciences > Biochemistry.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Cover
  • Contents
  • Preface
  • 1. Ellagitannins Renewed the Concept of Tannins
  • 1.1 Old and New Concepts of Tannins.
  • 1.1.1 About the chemical stability of ellagitannins.
  • 1.1.2 Definition of ellagitannins in the narrow and wider senses
  • 1.1.3 Stereochemistry of ellagitannins.
  • 1.1.4 Condensation of dehydroellagitannins with other substances
  • 1.1.5 Accumulation of an ellagitannin of specific structure in a plant.
  • 1.2 Distribution of Ellagitannins in the Plant Kingdom.
  • 1.3 Formation and Classification of Ellagitannins in Plants.
  • 1.3.1 Oxidative biological transformations from gallotannins to ellagitannins and dehydroellagitannins
  • 1.3.2 Regiospecificity of the HHDP group on the glucose core, and its correlation to plant families
  • 1.3.3 C-glycosidic ellagitannins and complex tannins.
  • 1.3.4 Oligomerization of ellagitannins leading to pentamers
  • 1.3.5 Macrocyclic oligomers
  • 1.3.6 Structural transformations of ellagitannin oligomers
  • 1.3.7 Seasonal transformations of ellagitannins in a plant
  • 1.3.8 Production of ellagitannins by tissue cultures
  • 1.4 Correlation of Ellagitannins of Various Oxidation Stages with Plant Evolution Systems.
  • 1.4.1 Classification of hydrolyzable tannins based on the oxidation stages of their polyphenolic functions
  • 1.4.2 Correlation of the oxidation stages with Cronquist8217;s system of plant evolution
  • 1.4.3 Isolation of oxidized ellagitannin oligomers in specific plant orders
  • 1.5 Main Ellagitannin-Rich Medicinal Plants
  • 1.6 Properties and Primary Activities of Ellagitannins.
  • 1.6.1 Reduction, stabilization and precipitation of other substances by tannins, and solubilization of precipitates by excess tannin
  • 1.6.2 Indexes of tannin binding activity and reversal of tannin biological activities
  • 1.6.3 Antioxidant activities
  • 1.7. Biological and Pharmacological Activities
  • 1.7.1 Antiviral, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities
  • 1.7.2 Antitumor activities
  • 1.7.3 Induction of apoptosis.
  • 1.7.4 Effects on liver functions and others.
  • 1.7.5 Absorption and metabolism of ellagitannins in animals
  • 1.8 Bibliography
  • 2. Structural Diversity and Antimicrobial Activities of Ellagitannins
  • 2.1 Monomeric Ellagitannins
  • 2.1.1 Primary ellagitannins (HHDP esters)
  • 2.1.2 Dehydroellagitannins
  • 2.1.3 Modified dehydroellagitannins
  • 2.1.4 C-Glycosidic ellagitannins
  • 2.1.5 Complex tannins (hybrids bearing a flavan-3-ol moiety)
  • 2.2 Oligomeric Ellagitannins
  • 2.2.1 Oligomers linked with a dehydrodigalloyl group.
  • 2.2.2 Oligomers linked with valoneoyl and dehydrovaloneoyl groups
  • 2.2.3 Oligomers linked with an isomeric valoneoyl group.
  • 2.2.4 C-Glycosidic ellagitannin oligomers.
  • 2.3 Chemotaxonomic Significance of Oligomeric Ellagitannins
  • 2.4 Antimicrobial Effects of Ellagitannins
  • 2.4.1 Variation of antibacterial effects according to bacterial species.
  • 2.4.2 Effects on Helicobacter pylori.
  • 2.4.3 Effects on antibiotic-resistant bacteria
  • 2.4.4 Effects on Leishmania donovani.
  • 2.5 Bibliography
  • 3. Biosynthesis of Ellagitannins: Old Ideas and New Solutions
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Principal Structures and Definitions.
  • 3.3 Gallic Acid, the Principal Phenolic Unit
  • 3.4 Biosynthesis of 946;-Glucogallin
  • 3.5 8216;Simple8217; Galloylglucose Esters: the Route to Pentagalloylglucose
  • 3.6 The Side Route to Gallotannins
  • 3.7 Biosynthesis of Ellagitannins
  • 3.7.1 Search for pentagalloylglucose oxi.

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