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Chapters in the evolution of chromatography /
Chromatography, invented more than 100 years ago, is the most widely used separation technique in the world today. It has helped the birth of modern analytical instrumentation and continues to strongly influence the profiles of our chemical, biochemical and clinical laboratories. This book deals wit...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
London :
Imperial College Press,
©2008.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- pt. 1. The precursors of chromatography. 1. Chromatography in the ancient world. 1.1. Was Moses the first chromatographer? 1.2. Did Pliny the elder use planar chromatography? 2. Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge: "Self-Grown Pictures" as precursors of paper chromatography. 2.1. Runge's life and activities. 2.2. Runge's chemistry textbooks. 2.3. Investigation of dyes. 2.4. The formation of characteristic patterns. 2.5. Runge's philosophy concerning the "self-grown pictures". 2.6. The "Od". 2.7. Runge's "self-grown pictures" and chromatography. 3. Early petroleum chromatographers. 3.1. David T. Day. 3.2. Joseph E. Gilpin. 3.3. Carl Engler. 3.4. Other scientists. 3.5. Controversy. 3.6. Chromatography and the cold war
- pt. 2. M.S. Tswett and the discovery of chromatography. 4. M.S. Tswett, and the invention of chromatography pt I: life and early work (1972-1903). 4.1. The Life of M.S. Tswett. 4.2. Early investigations. 4.3. In Warsaw (1901-1903). 5. M.S. Tswett and the invention of chromatography pt. II: completion of the development (1903-1910). 5.1. Controversy. 5.2. Tswett's two publications on chromatography. 5.3. Polemics. 5.4. Tswett's 1910 book. 5.5. Postwords. 6. M.S. Tswett and the 1918 Nobel prize in chemistry. 6.1. The Nobel prizes. 6.2. The nominations for the 1918 chemistry prize. 6.3. Tswett's nomination. 6.4. Evaluation
- pt. 3. The first pioneers in the use of chromatography. 7. Gottfried Kränzlin, the first follower of Tswett. 7.1. G. Kränzlin and his work. 7.2. Kränzlin's thesis. 7.3. Chromatography in Kränzlin's thesis. 7.4. Kränzlin's place in the evolution of chromatography. 7.5. Postscript. 8. Charles Dhéré
- pioneer and Tswett biographer. 8.1. Dhéré's Life; his field of interest. 8.2. Rogowski and his chromatography work. 8.3. Vegezzi and his thesis work. 8.4. Later Work of Dhéré. 8.5. Dhéré's paper on Tswett. 8.6. Conclusions. 9. L.S. Palmer and the beginnings of chromatography in the United States. 9.1. Palmer's life. 9.2. Palmer's research activities. 9.3. Chromatography in Palmer's work. 9.4. Chromatography in Palmer's book. 9.5. Palmer as the transition between Tswett and the "rebirth" of chromatography. 10. Katharine Hope Coward: a pioneering user of chromatography. 10.1. K.H. Coward
- her life. 10.2. The state of science in Coward's time. 10.3. The scope of Coward's work in the 1920s. 10.4. Postscript. 11. Theodor Lippmaa, a forgotten chromatographer. 11.1. The separation of carotenoids. 11.2. Postscript
- pt. 4. The rebirth of chromatography. 12. The rebirth of chromatography. 12.1. Richard Kuhn. 12.2. The field of carotenoids. 12.3. Edgar Lederer and the rebirth of chromatography. 12.4. Further activities. 13. The rapid spreading of the technique. 13.1. The Zurich schools. 13.2. Activities of Zechmeister. 13.3. Beginnings of inorganic chromatography. 13.4. Flow-through chromatograms
- pt. 5. The evolution of the chromatographic techniques. 14. The development of partition chromatography. 14.1. The start at Cambridge University. 14.2. The birth of partition chromatography. 14.3. Gas-liquid partition chromatography. 15. Paper chromatography. 15.1. The precursors. 15.2. The invention of paper chromatography. 16. The evolution of thin-layer chromatography. 16.1. The beginnings. 16.2. TLC matures. 16.3. The activities of Egon Stahl. 16.4. High performance TLC. 16.5. Forced-flow TLC. 16.6. Newer developments
- pt. 6. Ion-exchange chromatography. 17. Preparative ion-exchange chromatography and the Manhattan project. 17.1. background. 17.2. The Rare Earth project at Ames. 17.3. Postscript. 18. The development of the amino acid analyzer. 18.1. Amino acid research at the Rockefeller Institute. 18.2. Production of the amino acid analyzer. 18.3. Other methods
- pt. 7. Gas chromatography. 19. Early development of gas adsorption chromatography. 19.1. Analysis of natural gas. 19.2. Claesson's system. 19.3. Gerhard Hesse. 19.4. The first real gas chromatograph of Cremer. 19.5. C.S.G. Phillips. 20. The Janák-Type gas chromatographs of the 1950s. 21. The beginning of GC instrumentation. 21.1. Burrell's kromo-tog. 21.2. Perkin-Elmer's vapor fractometer. 21.3. Additional instruments. 22. The invention, development, and triumph of the flame-ionization detector. 22.1. Background. 22.2. Invention. 22.3. Further developments. 22.4. Instrumentation. 22.5. Patents. 22.6. Triumphs. 22.7. Personalities. 23. The development of the electron-capture detector. 23.1. Inventions. 23.2. Commercial realization of the ECD. 23.3. The electron capture detector and the environmental movement. 24. Evolution of open-tubular (capillary) columns for gas chromatography. 24.1. Invention. 24.2. Realization. 24.3. Columns made of metal. 24.4. Coating technique. 24.5. Columns made of plastic tubing. 24.6. The era of glass capillary columns. 24.7. Fused-silica columns. 24.8. Immobilized and bonded stationary phases. 25. The beginnings of headspace analysis. 25.1. First uses of headspace sampling. 25.2. Investigation of food volatiles. 25.3. Determination of alcohol in blood. 25.4. Automated and integrated HSGC systems
- pt. 8. Modern liquid chromatography. 26. The evolution of modern liquid chromatography. 26.1. From LC to HPLC. 26.2. The Basics of HPLC. 26.3. Pioneers in HPLC. 26.4. Bonded phases. 27. The development of the first high-pressure liquid chromatograph at Yale University. 27.1. Personalities. 27.2. The development of the first high-pressure liquid chromatograph. 27.3. The rapid spreading of HPLC. 27.4. Nomenclature. 27.5. Postscript. 28. The development of GPC and the first commercial HPLC instruments. 28.1. Early activities. 28.2. The breakthrough: GPC. 28.3. Liquid chromatography
- pt. 9. The most important chromatography meetings. 29. Two early chromatography symposia. 29.1. The 1946 conference on chromatography. 29.2. The 1949 Faraday society symposium. 30. Early European symposia showing the direction for the evolution of gas chromatography. 30.1. The start of GC in England. 30.2. The Ardeer symposium. 30.3. The 1956 London symposium. 30.4. The 1958 Amsterdam symposium. 31. Early GC symposia in the United States. 31.1. The early American symposia. 31.2. The 1956 Dallas ACS symposium. 31.3. The 1957 ISA symposium. 31.4. The 1959 ISA symposium. 31.5. The 1958 conference of the New York Academy of Sciences. 32. Two symposia, when HPLC was young. 32.1. The 1969 Las Vegas symposium. 32.2. The 1973 Interlaken symposium.